Transcript HIS
CONNECTICUT ASSOCIATION OF HOUSING
CODE ENFORCEMENT OFFICIALS, INC.
Code Enforcers Safety Awareness
Phil Cundiff
TODAY’S TOPICS
Why Safety???
Safety Programs you should know
Personal Protection Equipment
Personal safety Tips
DO YOU ENTER?
WHY SAFETY?
Every year Health/Code Enforcement Officers
are suffering death, injuries or illnesses due to:
Violence
Slips
and falls
Struck by accidents
Vehicle accidents
Contact with chemicals, blood/body fluids, organic
materials, gases, vapors & animals
Just to name a few
WHY SAFETY?
Death, injuries and illnesses
If
you don’t think about yourself think about your
family
Awareness becomes compliance
The
more you stress safety the more it becomes
routine
Safety is 90% mental and 10% physical
Firefighter
example
INFORMATION
What we will be covering in the next few minutes
are work related items you definitely don’t want to
bring home to your families.
Not intended to keep you from doing your job, but
to do it safely.
The more you know, the better you will perform in
real situations!
WHO HAS A?
Job hazard analysis or task risk assessment
Workplace violence awareness training
Exposure control plan
Confined space awareness training program
Excavation awareness training program
Lock out tag out awareness training program
Personal protection equipment program
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS
Anyone can conduct one
Many
different forms on line to assist
Look at the task that you perform
Where
are you going
What are you going to do when you get there
What/where are you going into
What are the possible hazards involved
How can you protect yourself
JHA’s will point you in the direction you need to
go to protect yourselves
WORKPLACE VIOLENCE
WORKPLACE VIOLENCE AWARENESS
Two types of training programs
Employer
protection programs
Potential violence awareness training
Look
for programs that have some of the following
information
WORKPLACE VIOLENCE
Things to be aware of:
Know
the history of the location or persons you visit
Good
record keeping when something happens
Watch
for signals that may be associated with
violence.
Verbally
expressing anger or frustration
Body language such as threatening gestures
Signs of drug or alcohol use
Presence of a weapon
WORKPLACE VIOLENCE
Recognizing Aggressive Body Language
Facial signals
Disapproving
Body
looks – target stare
signals
Stance
– clenching fist – tightening of body – breathing
– movement (pacing) – head movement (yes – no nods)
WORKPLACE VIOLENCE
Maintain behavior that helps diffuse anger;
Fight
or flight
Remove
yourself from the situation
Call for help
Present
a calm, caring attitude
Don’t match the threats
Don’t give orders
Acknowledge the person’s feelings
Avoid any behavior that may be interpreted as
aggressive
EXPOSURE CONTROL PLANS
EXPOSURE CONTROL PLANS
Know your exposure potential
Physical
Contract with infected person
Administering first aid
Contaminated surfaces
Many Others
EXPOSURE CONTROL PLANS
Routes of Exposure
Skin
Contact
Contamination through the skin can result from direct
contact or by absorption.
Injection
The direct injection of contaminants into the body,
either by needle sticks or mechanical injuries from
contaminated glass, metal, or other sharp objects.
Ingestion
Ingestion involves introducing contaminants into the
body through the mouth.
Inhalation
Inhalation is the introduction of a toxic product by the
respiratory system
EXPOSURE CONTROL PLANS
Know what a pathogen is?
Micro-organisms, such as viruses or bacteria, which reside in
the blood and cause disease to humans.
Malaria, syphilis, hepatitis B hepatitis C, and human
immunodeficiency virus (“HIV”) are examples of bloodborne
pathogens.
Know where they are found?
Blood, Semen, Vaginal secretions, Spinal fluids, Saliva from
dental procedures & Any body fluid visibly contaminated with
blood, contaminated surfaces
EXPOSURE CONTROL PLAN
Know how they affect you?
Hepatitis
A - Spread through feces, Found in
contaminated food & water, Affects the liver, Can live
on hands and in water & soil, Onset 2 weeks to 28
days after exposure, Symptoms include loss of
appetite, nausea, vomiting, fever, abdominal, pain,
jaundice & Can recover from virus
Hepatitis B – Spread by blood to blood infects the
liver and causes inflammation. There is no specific
treatment for HBV. Symptoms include loss of
appetite, nausea, vomiting, fever, abdominal pain,
jaundice. Lives up to 7 days in dried blood.
EXPOSURE CONTROL PLAN
Know how they affect you?
HIV-Aids – Blood to blood contact, hard to get but
even harder to get rid of. Affect your immune
system. Treatment but no cure.
Body fluids may be sources of other communicable
diseases or illnesses.
Meningitis
can be acquired when a worker’s mucous
membranes contact infectious respiratory secretions while
giving mouth-to-mouth resuscitation without using barrier
protection.
Diarrhea may be acquired if workers don’t wash their hands
effectively after handling materials contaminated with
feces.
Other colds germs and flu viruses
EXPOSURE CONTROL PLAN
Exposure incident
There must be blood to blood contact, the blood/body fluid
must be infected, The virus must enter the body through a
mucous membrane (eyes, mouth, or nose), through an opening
in the skin (cuts, abrasions, open sores, acne) or through a
penetration of the skin by a contaminated sharp object
What to do if exposed
Wash exposed area with soap and water, flush splashes to nose,
mouth, or skin with water, irrigate eyes with water or saline,
report the exposure and direct the worker to a healthcare
professional
EXPOSURE CONTROL PLANS
Must general plans cover bloodborne
pathogens
Yours should look at the other bloodborne and
airborne germs, funguses and virus out there.
TB
Mold
Dust
Etc.
EXPOSURE CONTROL PLANS
How do you protect yourself
Hand
washing
Wear gloves
Wear a disposable respirator
Wear coveralls
Wear eye protection
CONFINED SPACES
CONFINED SPACE STATISTICS
65% of all confined space fatalities are
due to hazardous atmosphere
In 139 deaths, there were no detectors
nor ventilation
One-third of all deaths were supervisors
60% were rescuers
25% of spaces were toxic before entry
EXAMPLES OF WHY WE ARE HERE
A graduate engineer on work-experience entered an inspection
chamber to test for seepage and collapsed. Three work
colleagues attempted a rescue and as each entered the chamber,
collapsed also. All four young men died.
A city worker was removing an inspection plate from a sewer
line in a deep pump station when the plate blew off and sewage
entered the room. Two colleagues and a policeman attempted to
rescue him from the sludge filled room. All four died.
A worker cleaning the bottom of a septic tank collapsed. Two
colleagues who went to rescue him also collapsed. All three
died.
A 17 year old sewer worker collapsed at the bottom of 3m
manhole. Two work mates entered to rescue him and were
themselves overcome. By the time they were extracted from the
manhole by rescue services the young man was dead. His
would be rescuers died two days later. A fourth man at the
entrance of the manhole suffered shock and fume inhalation.
WHAT IS A CONFINED SPACE?
A space that is large enough and so
configured that an employee can
bodily enter and perform assigned
work.
Has limited or restricted means of
entry or exit (i.e. tanks, silos,
storage tanks/bins vaults & pits)
Is not designed for continuous
employee occupancy.
WHAT IS A PERMIT-REQUIRED
CONFINED SPACE?
Has one or more of the following characteristics.
Contains or has potential to contain a hazardous
atmosphere.
Contains material that has the potential for engulfing
an entrant.
Has internal configuration such that an entrant could
be trapped or asphyxiated by inwardly converging
walls or floor which slope downward and tapers to a
smaller cross-section.
Contains any other recognized serious safety or
health hazards
HAZARDS IN A CONFINED SPACE
Atmospheric
Toxic
gases
Flammable gases
Oxygen rich or deficient
Physical
Slips,
trips, or falls
Electrical/Mechanical
Gravity
Engulfment/Flooding
Chemical or contact
Environmental
Biological
Heat/cold
ATMOSPHERIC HAZARDS
Too much Oxygen or too little
Explosive
Toxic gases
or Asphyxiation
PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Slips, trips falls
Ladders – uneven floors – wet/slimy surfaces –
Poor lighting
Electrical/Mechanical
Lock out Tag out in place
Engulfment & Flooding
Movement or shifting of materials
Unexpected activation of mechanical equipment or
discharge of electricity.
Loose granular materials (sand, grain)
Improperly enforced walls
Unexpected flow of water or materials (rain, tidal
water, sewage)
Chemical or contact
Unprotected body surfaces – contact with chemicals
in space
Cuts, bruises other injuries due to sharp or
protruding objects
BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS
Extreme moisture, slime growths or deposits
Poor visibility or noise
Rust or deterioration of structure (ladders,
railings)
Pathogens-diseases
Animals
Extreme temperatures
can be many degrees different + or –
in the confined space.
Humidity
Ventilation
Temperature
ORDER OF TESTING
First – Verify oxygen presence and amounts
Second - Flammables
Third – Toxics
Hydrogen
Sulfide
Carbon Monoxide
EXCAVATION SAFETY AWARENESS
EXCAVATION SAFETY AWARENESS
Excavation - any man-made cut, cavity, trench,
or depression made in the earth’s surface formed
by earth removal.
Access and egress. Any trench or excavation four feet or deeper
must have a means of exit. Ladders and/or ramps must be located
no more than twenty five feet in any direction.
Hazardous atmospheres. In excavations deeper than four feet with
the potential for a hazardous atmosphere or oxygen deficiency,
conduct air testing before workers enter the excavation.
EXCAVATION SAFETY AWARENESS
Protection from loose rock and soil. Excavated earth (spoil),
materials, tools, and equipment shall be placed no closer than two
feet from the edge of the excavation.
Depending on soil conditions a trench box must be used.
LOCK OUT TAG OUT SAFETY
LOCKOUT/TAG OUT SAFETY
"Lockout/Tag out (LOTO)" refers to specific
practices and procedures to safeguard
employees from the unexpected energization
or startup of machinery and equipment, or
the release of hazardous energy during
service or maintenance activities.
LOCKOUT/TAG OUT SAFETY
Need to isolate the source of the energy
Electrical
Stream
Hydraulic
Etc.
LOCKOUT TAG OUT SAFETY
Special note
Most
home owners or small businesses are not
going to follow the lockout tag out requirements
But
Make
sure if you enter a flooded basement or other
structures, that the power is turned off
Outlets can be under water
Electrical appliances can fall into the flooded area
SLIP, TRIP AND FALL AWARENESS
STF AWARENESS
#1 cause of injury and usually the most serious
and expensive
Same
level
Objects
Stairs
Wet
surfaces
Icy surfaces
STF AWARENESS
Slips
Common
Wet
Causes:
or oily floor surfaces,
Occasional spills,
Know the common areas that become wet or slippery
Kitchens, by exterior doors, etc.
Weather hazards,
Loose, unanchored rugs or mats,
Flooring or other walking surfaces that are worn.
In a hurry and not watching where your going
STF AWARENESS
Trips
Common
Causes:
Obstructed
view
Poor lighting
Clutter & Debris in your way
Wrinkled carpeting
Uncovered cables
Drawers not being closed
Wires, briefcases, handbags, etc.
Uneven (steps, thresholds) walking surfaces
In a hurry and not watching where your going
STF AWARENESS
Prevention
Take your time
Pay attention
Adjust stride to the task
Walk with feet pointed slightly outward
Make wide turns at corners.
Wear the proper shoes
Sufficient Lighting
Close your desk drawers when not in use
Pick up briefcases, handbags and secure wires around your desk
Keep cords, hoses, etc. out of walking paths
Always watch where your are walking
When carrying or pushing objects, never block your view of the floor
STF AWARENESS
Naturally, the goal is not to slip, trip or fall but, if you do try to:
Tuck your chin in, turn your head and throw up an arm.
Better to land on your arm than your head
While falling, twist or roll your body to the side.
Better to land on your buttocks and side than on your back
Keep your wrists, elbows and knees bent.
Try not to break your fall with your hands or elbows. Spend the fall to
as much of your body’s surface as possible
Calmly assess the situation to determine if you are hurt.
Get up slowly
If your feel injured and can’t stand up, don’t panic
Call for assistance
If you are not injured, rest for a moment and regain your composure
before getting up
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
Issued to protect the employees from possible
dangers during the site visits
Identifies the employee
Sets the example – models the behavior
It looks good and professional
HEAD PROTECTION – HARD HATS
When do my employees
need head protection?
You must provide head protection
for your employees if:
Objects might fall from above and
strike them on the head;
They might bump their heads against
fixed objects, such as exposed pipes or
beams; or
They work near exposed electrical
conductors.
EYE PROTECTION – SAFETY GLASSES
When do employees need eye
protection?
Flying
objects
Particles and dust
Chemicals
Harmful light radiation –
ultraviolet, lasers, infrared
EYE PROTECTION – SAFETY GLASSES
Types of eye
protection
Safety
side
Glasses
shields
Goggles
Face
Shield
HEARING PROTECTION HEARING
When do employees need hearing
protection?
If two people 3 feet apart must shout to be
heard, the background noise is too loud (above
85 decibels).
Noise above 140 decibels causes pain and
immediate hearing loss.
Noise Level
85 decibels
90 decibels
100 decibels
105 decibels
110 decibels
115 decibels
Allowable Exposure Time
8 hours
4 hours
1 hour
30 minutes
15 minutes
0 minutes
HEARING PROTECTION HEARING
Equipment
Back Hoe
Chain Saw
Front-end Loader
Gunshot
Jackhammer
Lawn Mower
Tractor
Circular Saw
Noise Level
85-95 decibels
110 decibels
90-95 decibels
140 decibels
112 decibels
90 decibels
95-105 decibels
90-100 decibels
HEARING PROTECTION HEARING
Types of Hearing Protection
Ear
plugs
Ear Muffs
Ear caps
RESPIRATORY PROTECTION
When do employees need
respiratory protection?
When
exposed to dust, fungi
or other pathogens in the air
When exposed smoke or other
airborne irritants
RESPIRATORY PROTECTION
Types of Respirators
Disposable
air filtering
(dust mask)
Half Face Respirator*
Full Face Respirator*
* Needs special training to use along with a medical clearance
RESPIRATORY PROTECTION
Must fit snugly on your face
No
beards
Use only once
Not to be use for chemical gases or
vapor protection
Do not use in oxygen deficient
atmospheres
HAND PROTECTION
When do employees need hand protection?
To
protect the hands from;
knives,
sharp edges, splinters
blood & bodily fluids
Chemicals
Hot objects
Extreme cold
Excessive vibration
Electricity
HAND PROTECTION
Types of gloves
Disposable gloves protect against
blood and germs
Leather gloves protect hands from
rough surfaces
Special insulated gloves to protect
the hand from hot or cold
BODY & CLOTHING PROTECTION
High Visibility Vest
Use
when working in or
near roadways and busy
construction sites
Coveralls
Safety shoes or rubber
boots
SEAT BELTS / TRAFFIC
Seat Belts MUST be used at all times while operating
any company vehicle or equipment
No Speeding
Obey Stop Signs
Watch out for and YIELD to pedestrians
Stay well back from behind heavy equipment and trucks
THANK YOU
Contact info
Phillip
Cundiff
Manager of Claims and Loss Control
Yale University – Office of Risk Management
PO Box 208253
New Haven, CT 06520
203-432-6606
[email protected]