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中外合作办学中的教育质量问题
Quality Controls Issues on
International Joint program
郑通涛 厦门大学
Professor Tongtao Zheng
Xiamen University
March 13, 2010
Why Joint program?
Enhancing quality of education through joining
forces
Broadening the study and coverage of the
disciplines
Combining strengths and learning from the
partners
Internationalization
Joining the overseas education systems and
processes
Increasing the recognition of the joint degrees
Quality?
If you can not measure it,
you can not understand it
If you can not understand it,
you can not improve it
International Joint programs at
Xiamen University
Foundation program
Exchange Students
Dual degree program
Two campus one degree program
Two or more campus one degree program
Co-supervision program (postgraduate)
Problems in the programmes
Slow response from partner university: 效率低。补考试题提交了等半
年都没有回音。
Unable or unwilling to tickle questions during communication 有回音
的也不指明改进方案，多次询问都没有答复
Lack of internationalized considerations
教材所配录音太强调某种口音，不能满足学生考试的需要；在训练国
外学习技能方面的内容不够丰富，如训练在内容选择和篇幅长度上不
足；缺乏学术写作的critical thinking训练，以及presentation以外
seminar skills的训练
Content and level integrity problems 一些大学专业课采用MBA教材,
难度较大. 合作方应可以选择专业基础教材。课程名称与教材内容不
符。如：课表是‘金融学’，但教材是‘财政学’；课表是‘产品管
理’，但教材内容又以物流居多。翻译上的不严谨，造成排课及课程
准备上的不便
Course overlapping有的课程内容重复，安排不合理
Progression limit: recognition problem 学生出路窄
Country-specify curriculum and teaching methodology as well as
evaluation is the most important factor in a successful international
joint programme
WHAT IS QUALITY?
Teachers & students satisfaction
Fulfilling the set requirements
Best possible results with available
resources
Continuous improvement
Quality in Joint programme
Mutual gurantor- quality as a partner
Future path gurantor-quality of the consortium
Communication integretion-services in destinational
languages
International experience- mobility
Mutiple integretion - courses in a curricula taken from
several universities
Group recongnition- several universities can award the
degree based on the same studies
Quality: Three Aspects
• Quality of individual institution and their
offers
• More of the cooperation across
institutional and national borders
• The programmes as a whole
Formations of Quality: Joint!!!
Jointly developed and recognised by several
institutions
Students can spend part of their studies at
another institutions
The study are automatically recognised in full at
their home institutions
The curriculum are worked out together,
including regulations for admission, the
examination and teaches at the other institutions
Students receive either national degrees from
the individual institutions or a degree jointly
conferred
Quality Factors
Successful program: teamwork, focus on
patients, clarity of roles through standards,
and synergy between the QC Project and
the Project itself
Keywords: program evaluation, quality
assurance, quality improvement, quality
management
Value-added Factors
Commitment to quality is essential
Competition for market shares is hard
Students are quality conscious and
demanding
Quality Motivation
Visibility in international educational markets
Attractiveness to national and international applicants
Combining adequate educational resources
Incorporating complementary teaching expertise in core
areas
Expert exchange between partners
Research co-operation between the partners
Objectives
• To provide students with wide range of high
quality, internationally attractive and relevant
programs on disciplines in a foreign language
• To promote educational co-operation between
China and other countries, the cultural and
national equality, language plurality and
gender equality
Process of Quality Implementation
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Formulating the areas of competency in each
partner university
Formulating the core competences of the
consortium
Formulating the sub-competences of the
consortium
Formulating the curriculum for the joint degree
programme
Joint implementation of the programme
Awarding the joint diplomas
Curriculum Structure
• Compulsory courses, jointly produced
Home university compulsory courses
Elective courses from partner universities
Special courses, given by both sides experts,
available for all the students
Cross-border Internship in a partner university
In cooperation with companies, supervised by two
universities
Versatile teaching methods; Face-to-face,
distance education, seminars, projects
Students expectations
SKILLS AND COMPETENCES:
Applying their knowledge and understanding in
international and multicultural environment
Internationalization that advances succeeding in
business life
Problem solving and decision making in international
environment
To work in an interdisciplinary and international team
and context
Appreciation of diversity and multiculturality
Understanding of social and ethical responsibilities
Concern for quality
Other expectations
Services:
– well arranged, effective and competent teaching
– versatile teaching methodology
– good supportive services (ICT, library, language...)
– well organised guidance and tutoring
– giving feedback and participating in developing of
teaching
To have a choice of studies to be aligned with needs of
labour markets
To get a national or double or joint diploma to apply for
their working life or further studies
To build up individual international network in their field
of expertise
Establishment of Quality System
After surveys set up indicators
To provide an additional element for
existing systems.
Makes the quality visible
The Quality Objectives
• Has to committed to the fulfillment of the goals and
values by the quality assurance system with
indicators and surveys
• Has to produce and demonstrate high quality
educational products and services that would attract
young students to the program
• Has to demonstrate that the degrees have better
employment opportunities than students in general in
partner universities
• The program are internationally recognized and
audited.
Main Features of QCS
Could be used via internet
Offers help and guidance for the partner universities to maintain
and develop the joint education and services
Provides common uniform procedures and methods for assuring
the quality
Guarantees equal opportunities for students
Makes the quality of programmemes visible
Help the auditors’ work
STEP BY STEP
1.
Defining Quality Actors
2.
The Status of Present QA at the university
3.
Quality of universities as partners universities
4.
Student satisfaction/Feedback
5.
Teacher satisfaction/Feedback
6.
Other Stakeholders’ feedback
7.
Quality reflection to the objectives, strategies, needs
8.
Quality Development Action Plan
9.
Documentation
10.
Feedback and Availability of Quality Information
11.
Internal Quality Audit
12.
External Quality Audit
Partner Institutions Survey
programme learning outcomes
commonly not defined
QCS in teaching
Not always fully described and in use
Commonly not audited and certified by national
or international bodies
Evaluation of the quality of teaching
Some regularly evaluated (internal + national)
Some only occasionally evaluated
Feedback about education
In most universities regularly collected from
employers and other stakeholders
Student feedback not always systematically
collected
Feedback is used as a developing tool and
available for the teachers but usually not to the
students
Participation
Students and teachers have an opportunity to
participate in work of the universies’
administrative and developing bodies
Educational Processes and
Resources Survey
Language skills of the teachers have to be activeproficient
Teachers are offered an opportunity to participate
in pedagogical, language and subject specific
training
Different teaching methods are used: including
distance-education, team working, small-group
instruction
Personal study plans are always obligatory
Students teacher ratio is 20-25: 1
Student Support
Dormitories are available for students
Health care and library services are always
available in destinational language
Internet access libraries with course materials in
destinational language
CONCLUSIONS
A very clear system for Quality Concto is essential
– Who is responsible and of what
– What shall be done
– Regular feedback surveys, self-evaluation template with
common quality indicators
– Documentation and publish
Creating new programme by defining the learning outcomes
Provides a tool for continuous development
Provides clear added-value for each partner
demonstrate
– good quality of education offered
– concern of quality
CONCLUSIONS
To be realized in better market-value of
joint international educational products
Create highly recognized brand
As profound mutual trust and respect in the
consortium
A high-level QC would also enable the
educational choices by students to be
aligned with market needs