Transcript ONLINE SELF

ONLINE SELF-STUDY
Powered Industrial Trucks
OSHA Standard
This training course will cover the OSHA 1910.178
Powered Industrial Truck standard
Employer Responsibilities
The employer is responsible for providing employees
who will be operating powered industrial trucks as
function of their job the knowledge and skills to use
the equipment in a safe and productive manner.
The employer must:
 Communicate hazards to employees
 Comply with North Carolina and Federal Safety
Rules and Regulations
Operator Responsibilities
As an operator of a powered industrial truck, you
have several responsibilities:
 Perform a daily inspection of the machine and
document the condition of the equipment
 Safely operate the piece of equipment that you
have been assigned to use
 Report any items that are in need of repair to your
supervisor and do not operate the machine until the
items have been corrected
Powered Industrial Truck
A mobile power-propelled truck used to carry, push,
pull, lift, stack, or tier materials. Powered industrial
trucks are classified by manufacturers according to
their individual characteristics.
PIT Types
The most common powered industrial truck is the sit
down rider type, but there are many different
pieces of equipment that are classified as powered
industrial trucks and are subject to the powered
industrial truck standard. This may range from a
motorized hand truck (class III) to a Bobcat type
machine with a fork attachment.
Center of Gravity
The point at which the load of the powered industrial
truck is concentrated.
If the center of gravity remains inside the triangle, the
truck will not tip over.
Support points A, B & C form stability triangle
Load Capacity
Each powered industrial truck
should have a name plate
secured to it. The name plate
will give the load capacity of
the truck
Do not exceed the rated load
capacity
Exceeding the load capacity may
cause the truck to tip causing
harm to you and bystanders
Attachments
Powered industrial trucks serve a variety
of purposes and there are many
different attachments that may be
added on and used safely. Each
attachment requires training specific
to that piece of equipment
Attachments may require specific
operating conditions and/or PPE
Only use attachments that are designed
for that specific powered industrial
truck
Authorized Operator
To become an authorized operator you must
successfully complete a two section training program
consisting of:
 Classroom – this course
 Practical – demonstration of a working knowledge
of powered industrial trucks through safe operating
practices and evaluation.
After successful completion of both courses EHS will
issue you an Authorized Operator License
Authorized Operator, con’t.
As an authorized operator, you may only operate the
Powered Industrial Truck(s) that you have been
trained on and authorized to use. While many
powered industrial trucks look similar and have
similar controls, it is important to know the specifics
of each piece of equipment.
Seven Classes of Powered Industrial
Truck
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Class I - Electric motor rider trucks
Class II - Electric motor narrow aisle trucks
Class III - Electric motor hand trucks or hand/rider trucks
Class IV - Internal combustion engine trucks
(solid/cushion tires)
Class V - Internal combustion engine trucks (pneumatic
tires)
Class VI - Electric and internal combustion engine
tractors
Class VII - Rough terrain forklift trucks
Class One
Class I - Electric Powered Sit Down Rider
Class Two
Class II - Electric Motor Narrow Isle Truck
Class Three
Class III - Electric Motor Hand Trucks or Hand/Rider
Trucks
Class Four
Class IV - Internal Combustion Engine Trucks
(solid/cushion tires)
Class Five
Class V – Internal Combustion Trucks (pneumatic tires)
Class Six
Class VI - Electric and Internal Combustion Engine
Tractors
Class Seven
Class VII - Rough Terrain Forklift Trucks
Components of a PIT
Controls and Instruments
Fuel Gauge
 Identifies how much fuel is currently on board the piece
of equipment. The fuel gauge reading must be taken
during the daily checks
Engine Temperature Gauge
 Identifies the running temperature of the engine on the
piece of equipment. The C on the gauge refers to the
engine being cold and the H refers to the engine being
hot
Ampere Gauge
 Identifies the battery strength of the piece of
equipment
Controls and Instruments, con’t.
Oil Pressure Gauge
 Identifies the engine oil pressure
Engine Hour Meter
 This meter records the total amount of hours that the
engine has been used. This reading must be recorded
on the daily inspection forms because it is used to
schedule maintenance on the piece of equipment
Rear View Mirror
 The mirror attached to the powered industrial truck that
gives a visual representation of the area behind the
driver
Safety Features
Seat Belt
 keeps you secured to the truck in the event of an
accident. At UNC you are required to wear your
seatbelt
Overhead Guard
 prevents the powered industrial truck from crushing
you in the event of a tip-over, but this guard is only
effective with the combined used of a seatbelt
Safety Features, con’t.
The flashing strobe light and horn should be used to
notify others when:
 driving around a corner
 visual obstruction is present
 poor lighting conditions
 lowering your load
Safety Features, con’t.
Auxiliary Seat Brake:
 acts as an emergency brake
 engage prior to stepping off the truck
 may be located in the front next to the steering
column or in another position depending on piece of
equipment
Differences Between Powered
Industrial Trucks and Automobiles
There are several differences between driving a
powered industrial truck and driving an automobile.
Differences Between Powered
Industrial Trucks and Automobiles
Powered industrial trucks can weigh several times more
than an automobile. The steering of the vehicle is
usually from the back wheels as opposed to an
automobile turning from the front. This gives the
powered industrial truck a tighter turning radius than an
automobile from the front, but a wider turning radius
from the rear.
Powered industrial trucks also have a three point
suspension system as opposed to the four point
suspension of an automobile. This factor makes the
powered industrial truck easier to tip over than an
automobile.
Before and After Each Use
Before and after each use you are responsible
for checking:
 The overhead guard for any broken welds,
missing bolts, or damaged areas
 Hydraulic cylinders and lines. Make sure they
are free from leaks and lines are in good
condition showing no signs of cracking
 The mast assembly for broken welds, cracks, or
bends
 All lift chains and rollers for excessive wear,
damage, kinks, rusting, need for lubrication,
squeaks and bends
Before and After, con’t.
Before and after each use you are responsible for checking:
 Forks and carriage. Make sure that there are no cracks or
bends in the metal. Make sure attachments being used are
securely fastened
 Steering mechanism for excessive motion
 Brakes for proper function. If the pedal goes all the way to
the floor when you apply the brake, that is an indication that
the breaking system is not functioning properly. Make sure
the emergency brake works. There should be no movement
of the powered industrial truck when the emergency brake
is engaged
 Lights and horn to make sure they are functioning properly
 The battery to make sure all caps are in place and that
cables are free damage
If Any Problems Are Found
After completing the visual inspection, if any problems
are found:
 Tag the equipment identifying that it is not to be
used
 Report the problem to your supervisor
Types of Fuels
Diesel or Gasoline Refueling
To properly refuel a powered industrial truck the
following steps should be taken:
 All internal combustion engines must be turned off
before refueling. Refueling should be in the open or
in specifically designated areas, where adequate
ventilation is provided
 Smoking is prohibited when refueling or operating
a powered industrial truck and signs must be posted
to that effect
 Proper PPE must be worn
Propane Refueling
Safely refueling a propane cylinder requires the following
steps:
 Turn the gas valve to the off position and let the engine run
until it stalls
 Turn off the ignition and the lights and set the emergency
brake
 Check the connections for damage
 Remove empty tank and store it or secure the tank in a
vehicle and bring it to the service station to be filled
 Install the new or filled tank securely
 Check the connection for leaks and damage
 Proper PPE must be worn
Recharging
Battery-charging installations must be located in
areas designated for that purpose. They must be
capable of flushing and neutralizing spilled
electrolyte. The charging apparatus needs to be
protected from damage by trucks, adequate
ventilation for dispersal of gases or vapors from
gassing batteries. An overhead hoist, or equivalent
equipment, must be used for handling batteries.
Reinstalled batteries must be properly positioned
and secured in the truck.
Recharging, con’t.
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A carboy tilter or siphon must be used for handling electrolyte. Acid
must always be poured into water. Water must NOT be poured into
acid (it overheats and splatters)
During charging operations, vent caps must be removed to avoid
electrolyte spray. Make sure that vent caps are functioning. Battery
or compartment cover or covers must be open to dissipate heat
Precautions must be taken to prevent open flames, sparks, or electric
arc in battery-charging areas and tools and other metallic objects
must be kept away from the tops of uncovered batteries
Employees charging and changing batteries shall be authorized to
do the work, trained in the proper handling, and required to wear
protective clothing, including face shields, long sleeves, rubber boots,
aprons, and gloves
Smoking is prohibited in the charging area. "No Smoking" signs must
be posted
Transporting and Maneuvering
When maneuvering and transporting:
 Give pedestrians the right of way
 Activate strobe lights and utilize the horn when
going around corners
 Always pay attention to the path of travel
 Never lift loads when the powered industrial truck is
moving
 Approach any potential obstacle slowly and with
caution
Transporting and Maneuvering
When maneuvering and transporting:
 Ensure that the loads are neatly stacked, stable, evenly
distributed and secure
 Space the forks under the load as far as possible. This
will ensure that the load is evenly distributed
 Approach the load with caution with the mast in a
vertical position
 Lift the forks only as high as needed to move the load.
(2 to 6 inches)
 Tilt the forks back for added stability
Transporting and Maneuvering
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If the powered industrial truck is not loaded, drive
in reverse up the incline. Drive forward down the
incline
If the powered industrial truck is carrying a load
Drive forward up the incline. Drive in reverse down
the incline
Crossing Railway Tracks
There are areas where employees may
need to cross railway tracks. This poses
a unique hazard and caution must be
exercised.
 Always cross railway tracks on a
diagonal
 Park forklift at least 8 feet away from
railway tracks
 Obey any warning signs or alert
systems
Refresher Training
In General, refresher training is required every three (3)
years. However, refresher training will be required
more frequently if:
 An authorized operator is involved in an accident or
near-miss incident
 An operator is using the powered industrial truck in an
un-safe manner
 The written and/or practical evaluation is not
completed successfully
 If workplace conditions change
 Different equipment will be used
Review
The following are key points to remember as an authorized
operator:
 Operate only the equipment that you are authorized to use
 Familiarize yourself with the piece of equipment that you
are going to use and follow all of its operating procedures
 Inspect equipment thoroughly prior to use
 Know your travel routes and overhead clearance levels
 Do not allow any passengers
 Stay within the safety cage of the powered industrial truck
at all times
 No matter how short or long the distance always fasten your
seat belt
Post Test
In order to successfully complete the classroom section
of the powered industrial truck training you must
pass the post test.
After passing you must contact your supervisor to
arrange for the practical section of this training.