Transcript Materials research at VTT

Materials Research at VTT
Anne-Christine Ritschkoff
Jari Koskinen
VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
VTT’S MISSION
VTT produces research services that enhance the
international competitiveness of companies, society and
other customers at the most important stages of their
innovation process, and thereby creates the prerequisites
for growth, employment and wellbeing.
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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
THE OPERATING MODEL AND THE STRUCTURE
STRATEGIC
RESEARCH
BUSINESS
SOLUTIONS
VENTURES
EXPERT
SERVICES
Management of the
self-financed and
jointly-funded
research
Management
of the contract
research
Commercialisation of
research output,
venture activities
and spin-offs
Consulting services,
testing, certification
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Projects
Competence management
(7 knowledge clusters and
46 knowledge centres)
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Advisory boards
Management, support processes
CUSTOMERS
VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
VTT´s staff profile
STAFF STRUCTURE
Research scientists 59%
Other research staff 22%
Planning, office and IT personnel 15%
Management 3%
EDUCATION OF STAFF
Doctors 16%
Licentiates 7%
Other university degree 52%
College level and polytechnic 23%
Basic level 2%
Number of personnel: 2 780
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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
VTT´s turnover by type of income
Turnover 217 M€ in 2006
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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
VTT´s materials research
• Materials research has a very strong role in the technical research at
VTT
Staff in materials research
• estimated volume in 2006
• 300 man years
• 30 M€ annual turnover
• total volume covers over 10% of VTT´s
research activities
Secreteriat: Professors:
Technical staff:
Senior
researchers
• Materials research in Finland
• estimated volume
• 2500 man years
• 200 M€ annual turnover
Undergraduate
students (fulltime):
Researchers /
graduate
students:
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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
VTT´s FOCUS AREAS OF FRONT END RESEARCH
Platforms for new ideas and technologies
Novelty by
combination
New technologies
Digital world
Manufacturing
and integration methods
for electronics
and optics
Functional and
nanomaterials
Systems biology
Converging
networks
Social media
and software
Sensors and
sensor networks
Intelligent
systems and
machines
ICT-based service
technologies
Biorefinery
Digital
built environment
Zero-emission
energy systems
Sustainable
development
Horizontal focus areas leading to change in several industries
Human-technology interaction
Application-oriented system and software development
Business models and technology
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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
VTT Technology focus areas
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES
High performance telecom
Data refinement
MICROTECHNOLOGIES AND ELECTRONICS
High performance sensors and instruments
Heterogenous integration
BIO- AND CHEMICAL PROCESSES
Food processing
Drugs and diagnostis
TECHNOLOGY IN THE COMMUNITY
Safety and security
Building performance
Transport systems and networks
ENERGY
Energy systems and economics
Nuclear energy
Distributed energy
Energy and emissions in transport
INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT
Operating research
Plants & production systems
Vehicles & machines
Industrial management
APPLIED MATERIALS
New materials for
machinery, buildings and consumer products
Upgraded fibre-based products
Performance of products and structures
under extreme exposures
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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
Applied materials research
• Focus areas:
• Materials for machinery, buildings and consumer products, upgraded fibre-based
products, performance of products and structures under extreme exposures
• Business drivers, impacts and potential
• Quest for more carefree, durable, safe and economical products in various industrial and
consumer applications
• Demand for sustainable growth, reduction of environmental impact: less materials, durable
materials, recyclable materials, beneficiation of natural fibre-based raw materials
• Broadening of range of application of existing products and systems
• Technology focus and scientific goals
• Materials for machinery, buildings and consumer products: new and modified materials and
methods to bond materials into composites and structural systems
• New fibre-based products; added value wood products
• Performance of products and structures under long-term or extreme exposures
• VTT's strengths and opportunities
• Long tradition of product development and performance assessment of materials and
products in various applications and assessment of products under
• Wide range of experimental equipment and facilities for the development
• Close contacts with customers
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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
Nanomaterials
Structures
for manufacturing industrial
and consumer products
Structures and structural systems in
buildings, infrastructure, machinery etc.
Fibres and polymers
Materials for
buildings and living
Applied
Materials
Research
for manufacturing industrial
and consumer products
Functional Materials
Building materials and products
Materials at home and at work
for manufacturing industrial
and consumer products
Materials
in machines and
in process plants
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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
Materials research at VTT is clearly bound to
industrial needs
Current materials research areas
Examples of future areas of research
• Materials for energy and process industry
• New material solutions
• degradation, fracture mechanisms, life cycle
management of materials
• Materials for building and construction
• wood based and concrete materials
• coatings, paints and adhesives
• hybrid nanocomposites
• Materials for electronics industry
• electrically functional plastics
• batteries and fuel cells, energy storages
• Metal-ceramic materials
• thermal spraying
• surface treatments and welding by laser technology
• Functional materials and coatings
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functional materials in printing
functional materials for paper and boards
functional nanostructured materials
binders for coatings, adhesives and composites
natural polymers and wood based materials
stimuli responsive polymer concepts
• new material solutions for energy technology
• nanostructured materials for harsh conditions
• Natural based and environmentally feasible
materials
• composite technology
• biocomposites
• Functional and intelligent materials
• bioactive material solutions
• bioispired materials
• self-healing concepts for joints and coatings
• Electronics applications
• nanoelectronics, nanophotonics and
nanolithography
• quantum computation and quantum information
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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
Nanomodified Hybrid Polymers
• Aim is to develop novel ways to control the electrical characteristics of
polymer-based materials:
• to improve the thermal stability of electromechanical materials
(piezoelectric charge endures at high temperatures)
• to reduce the dielectric constant of materials (nano- and
microporous in hybrid polymers)
• to improve insulation properties against high voltage
Nanocomposite Polymer Capacitor Film:
Polyaniline 1-3 wt-% increases AC- and LIbreakdown strength of capacitor grade polypropylene
thick films (t=150 µm) while increasing the permittivity
by 10%. Energy of the capacitor  εr , U2
Ub (kV/mm)
PP
1%
2%
3%
AC
103 ± 9
116 ± 8
135 ± 9
112 ± 12
LI
164 ± 15
192 ± 12
196 ± 6
163 ± 15
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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
Adhesion proteins for highly defined surface modifications
Microbial adhesion proteins self-assemble
at interfaces and can be used for producing
one-molecule thick highly ordered surface
layers.
10 nm
Atomic Force
Microscope (AFM)
image of a onemolecule thick surface
assembled layer of
protein. The dimension
of the repeating unit is
6 nm.
Genetic engineering can be
used to modify and functionalize
the adhesion protein. AFM
image shows individual
molecules of a one-molecule
thick layer of avidin-protein fixed
to the adhesion protein.
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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
Functional composites from wood based materials and biopolymers
• Combining of wood and wood-based
fibres with different materials
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plastics
concrete
mortar
ceramics
• Innovative hybrid composites with
intelligent fibre-based functionality
• monitoring, indicating, detecting, actuating
• porosity gradients
• multi-layered, low density materials with adequate
mechanical properties
• improved acoustic properties
• improved fire and thermal resistance
• Justifications
• cladding materials with multi-layer structures
• interior decorative films or boards with fire
resistance and acoustic properites
• mobile elements with good sound absorbing
properties
• flooring materials
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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
Functional thin coatings for wood and fibre-based materials
Surface free energy affects e.g.
to soil repellancy, cleanability
and printability of surfaces.
Surface energy can be affected
by chemical structure and
topography of surface.
GOALS
•Scratch resistance, wear resistance: to
increase the utility value and durability of wood and
fibre based products by organic-inorganic hybrid
coatings
•Surface modification: to modify surface
properties in order to tailor printability (water and oil
absorption) and soil repellancy properties of fibre
based products
•Barrier properties: to produce barrier properties
such as controlled moisture behaviour, gas
permeability and UV-shield
•Formability: to develop elastic, durable binding
solutions for mouldable fibre based products such
as cardboards
•Application: to preliminarily clarify cost effective
application methods for promising coatings and
treatments
Adhesion of nanostructured
hybrid sol-gel coatings to organic
matrix is greatly increased by
covalent bonding
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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
Smart Filter - adaptable pore size
UF-PS100-MEMBRANE
Flux, kg(m2hbar)
800
Pnipa295.xls
600
T 4. up, SII-13
400
T 4. down, SII-13
200
0
20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70
o
Temperature, C
• Fiber filters coated by PNIPA polymer
• At temperatures <TLCST. The volume of polymer is
expanded state ( the polymer binds water molecules).
Fibers are "thick" and pores are "small". The system is
highly hydrophilic.
• At temperature >TLCST , the polymer rejects water
molecules out and the volume of the polymer decreases
dramatically. Now the fibers are "thin" and pores are
"large". The system is hydrophobic.
H2O
Now we have a filter with adjustable pore
size! The washing can take place easily.
PNIPA
T < LCST
T > LCST
hydrophilic
hydrophobic
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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
Contact information
Anne-Christine Ritschkoff, PhD.
Co-ordination of Applied Materials Strategic Research
[email protected]
Jari Koskinen, PhD.
Technology Manager Advanced Materials
[email protected]
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