Transcript Document

THE POWER of LINKING
What Works & What Doesn’t
John Ben DeVette
Asia General Manager
& Asst. Vice President
EBSCO Information Services
The Power of Linking
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Part I …… Definitions and General Introduction
Part II …... Pricing of Online Journals
Part III …. Developments & Trends in Linking
Part IV …. My Recommendations: What You
Should do to be Ready for the Future
DEFINITIONS and a
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
PART I
TWO types of ELECTRONIC ‘JOURNALS’
1. PRIMARY PUBLISHER created.
Online edition of the print journal
Available title-by-title, or publisher-bypublisher
2. SECONDARY PUBLISHER
Abstract & Index of Fulltext in a prepackaged aggregated database
What is the difference between an
AGGREGATOR and a GATEWAY?
• Aggregator
• Gateway
– A secondary publisher
– An entity that provides
who licenses
consolidated access and searching
FULLTEXT CONTENT
across titles to a variety of
from primary publishers
journals. Content may or may not
be housed on the gateway
– This content is maintained
provider’s server. The gateway
on its own server
does not try to create its own
– Includes most fulltext
version of the content.
abstracts
– Primarily a linking service
– i.e. EBSCOhost, Gale,
– Kinokinia’s OJ Web, Maruzen’s
Ovid
E-Journal Svc., EBSCO Online.
Growth of Online Journals
• EBSCO’s title file contains approximately 260,000
publications
• Approximately 10,000 unique online journals that
are available for subscription today
– Have a price
– Or come free with print
– Or are a mainstream title (like a SPARC publication).
+10,000 Online Journals
10,000
9,000
8,000
7,000
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
10,000+
2,200
850
Feb 97
1,300
Jun 97
Feb 98
• Feb 97
• Jun 97
• Feb 98
3,662
• Jun 98
2,700
• Sep 99
• Mar 00
• Sept 01
Jun 98
Sep-99
850 online jnls
1,300
5,398
2,200
2,700
3,622
5,398
10,000+
Mar-00
Aug-01
Compared to over 260,000 titles in print
Total number of online journals
being offered by Primary Publishers
According to the NewJour website list
10,880 electronic journals being published
as of August 31, 2001
http://gort.ucsd.edu/newjour/
“Secondary” e-journals
• Many secondary publishers are also creating
electronic versions of print journals
• EBSCO Host has approximately 6,000
unique e-journals that we scan ourselves
Small overlap between primary
online journals and secondary ejournals
• 10,000 online journals + 6,000 e-journals –
2,000 overlap titles = 14,000 unique
electronic titles available via the Web today.
PRICING OF ONLINE
JOURNALS
PART II
Print is still being tied to the online
edition most of the time
A print
subscription is
required in order
to get the online
83%
17%
Online is available
without purchase of
print
[Based on EBSCO’s title file]
How Publishers are Pricing
Online Journals
Online comes free
with purchase of print
62%
38%
Online plus print combo
priced more than print
Most of the time
it is impossible to order
only the electronic edition
• Publishers are afraid that cutting the
connection between print and online will
reduce sales even more
• Storing the print is still the cheapest and
most dependable form of archival
• This was the experience of the California
State Universities’ JACC consortium project.
New Pricing Models
 Database vendors sell access to
individual journal subscriptions
and articles …online Pay-per-view
 Journal publishers are creating
their own databases
 Subscription agents function as
consortia managers
New Collaborations
 Electronic linking between
traditional competitors
 Linking between ILS vendors,
database vendors, subscription
vendors, and publishers
DIS-INTERMEDIATION
DEFINITION: “to
remove the middle
layers of the supply chain so that
consumers can go direct
to the manufacturer.”
The B2B* Movement has everyone
looking for ways to “cut out the
middle man”
* B2B means “B to B” or Business to Business.
DIS-INTERMEDIATION
Publishers are trying to
sell direct to libraries
and “cut out”
subscription agents.
PASSWORDS &
USER LICENSES
• DIFFICULT because
– PUBLISHERS ARE WORRIED ABOUT
COPYRIGHT
– LICENSE AGREEMENTS with
publishers are VERY COMPLICATED
– Try to USE AN AGENT who will do the
NEGOTIATIONS FOR YOU.
The California Solution
• The University of California System
– Berkeley, Stanford, USC, etc.
• EBSCO represents this consortia to negotiate with
publishers for price discounts
• Require special terms: ILL to corporate partners.
DEVELOPMENTS &
TRENDS in LINKING
PART III
An example of Linking from
Academic Search Premier to the
Publisher via EBSCO Online #1
An example of Linking from
Academic Search Premier to the
Publisher via CROSSREF #1
PubMed Central
• The NLM and NIH are creating a freely accessible
web-based public library of information in the
sciences
• This is a natural extension of Medline and
PubMed which is also free for public use
• Form a central archive of research in the life
sciences. Perpetual access!
• Medicine and the life sciences research in a freely
accessible, fully searchable, interlinked form.
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/
List of Journals available in PubMed
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Available Journals
Arthritis Research
BMC Journals
BMJ
Breast Cancer Research
Critical Care
Genome Biology
Molecular Biology of the
Cell
Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America
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Forthcoming Journals
Biochemical Journal
Bulletin of the Medical Library
Association
Canadian Medical Association
Journal
EMBO Journal
Journal of the American Medical
Informatics Association (JAMIA)
Journal of Medical Entomology
Nucleic Acids Research
The Plant Cell
Plant Physiology
Many others …..
The most sophisticated linking
available today: SFX
SFX Expensive, but powerful
pop-up window w/ links
SFX pop-up screen #2
SFX pop-up Screen #3
LC catalog
SFX pop-up screen #4
J STOR
SFX POP-UP $5
DEAD END …
AUTHENTICATION is still a
problem
EBSCO ONLINE reader screen
EBSCO ONLINE Journal Details:
Proc. Of Nat Academy of Sciences
PNAS article abstract on
Developmental Biology
PNAS article citation on PubMed
PubMed (PNAS) “LinkOut”
feature goes to article. EO
authenticates via IP.
YOU CAN LINK
OVER TO THE
FULLTEXT BY
CLICKING HERE !
Online Titles in PubMed
• 4,000+ print titles indexed
• ~ 30% of titles in MEDLINE are available
electronically
• 1350 available in electronic formats from
more than 40 publishers and aggregators
• PubMed has links to 1200 titles, but they
require a password to see the article
The Integration Process: Linking
Reference databases with the
Library’s OPAC with the
Publishers
Aggregator
Gateway to
primary publishers
database
Library & University
Network
People prefer to use ONE interface, and at
the most, 3 databases (when doing research)
• Most libraries today have
more than 10 different and
UNCONNECTED databases
available. And they all use
different search interfaces
EBSCO Online
LINKS TO 7500+ JOURNALS … THE BEST IN THE
WORLD TODAY !!!
LINKS TO 7500+ JOURNALS … THE
BEST IN THE WORLD TODAY !!!
MY RECOMMENDATIONS
What You Should do
to be Ready for the Future
PART IV
FOCUS
on the NEEDS of the USER
...and have one
INFORMATION BUDGET
for flexibility in buying
different media.
When you buy information should
you order ala carte or simply buy
today’s special?
Do you want to pick and choose the
information you give to your users, or do
you want the publishers to choose for you?
MEASURE & COUNT information usage
IF YOU DON’T COUNT, YOU DON’T
KNOW!!!
VENDOR
GENERATED
STATISTICS
LIBRARY
USAGE
STUDIES
USAGE
STATISTICS
ACCESS versus OWNERSHIP
• Both EBSCOhost & EBSCO Online keep user statistics
by user, by title, and by database
• IDENTIFY CORE TITLES
• Delete low use subscriptions
USAGE STATISTICS ARE THE
KEY!.
Invest more time and resources into
training people how to search
• Web-based search engines appear simple, but the
concept of smart-linking is not
• Researchers must be encouraged to keep on digging.
HOW MUCH MONEY ARE
YOU SPENDING ON …
1. PAPER JOURNALS
2. E-journals
3. Databases.
4. (and soon) e-books
AVOID THINKING...
“HOW MUCH MONEY
ARE WE BUDGETING
FOR SERIALS, HOW
MUCH ON
ELECTRONIC MEDIA ,
AND HOW MUCH ON
DOCUMENTS???”
PRINT
JOURNALS
INFORMATION
SPENDING
ELECTRONIC JOURNALS
DOCUMENTS
ONE
BUDGET!
Investing money in
technology alone will
not insure success.
The medium is the
main attraction for
many of the
electronic services
available today.
Libraries must live in a
DIGITAL
ENVIRONMENT
• CONNECTIVITY, LINKING,
CONSORTIA are all important
terms
• Cooperate and Share
Resources with each other
• Build (virtual) bridges!