Transcript LWW PPT Slide Template Master

Chapter 4: The Integumentary
System
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Word Origin
• Skin “covers” the entire body
• Integumentum is Latin for “covering”
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Structure of the Skin
• Layers of the skin:
– Epidermis- outermost layer
– Dermis or corium- contains nerves, blood vessels,
sebaceous and sudoriferous glands
– Subcutaneous- layer beneath the skin
[Word roots for skin: derm/o, dermat/o, cutane/o]
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Cross Section of the Skin
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Accessory Structures
• Hair follicles- composed of keratin, a hard protein
• Sebaceous or oil gland- secrete sebum
• Sudoriferous or sweat gland- secrete watery fluid
• Nails- non-living structures made of the protein keratin
[Word roots:
kerat/o (hard), seb/o (sebum), sudor/i (sweat)]
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Skin Lesions
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Skin Disorders
• Inflammatory Conditions
– Dermatitis- example: poison ivy has tiny pruritic
(itchy) vesicles
– Psoriasis- large erythematous plaques with silvery
scales
– Eczema- characterized by red, vesicular lesions
• Scleroderma- taut, thick, and leather-like skin
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Skin Infections
• Impetigo- caused by bacteria
• Scabies- caused by egg-laying mite
• Tinea- caused by fungus
• Shingles (herpes zoster)- caused by a virus
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Burns
• Superficial
– Erythema, sunburn
• Partial thickness
– Blisters, erythema
• Full thickness
– Damage to the epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous
layers, muscle and bone
– May require skin grafts
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Skin Cancer
• Sun exposure is the biggest cause of skin cancer
• Melanoma is a common type of skin cancer
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Other Skin Disorders
• Decubitus ulcer
• Vitiligo
• Paronychia
• Alopecia
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Treatments
• Biopsy
• Cryotherapy
• Debridement
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Pharmacology
• Transdermal administration
• Topical and local administration
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Pharmacology cont’d.
• Topical drugs:
– Antipruritic
– Anti-inflammatory
– Antifungal
– Antiseptic
– Antiviral
– Scabicide
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Pharmacology cont’d.
• Other medications used to treat skin conditions
– Acne medication
– Burn medication
– Sedatives
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins