Transcript Welcome to Introduction to Biology

Welcome to
Introduction to Biology
Ms. Carballosa
Science
What is Science?
• Science is an organized way
of gathering and analyzing
evidence about the natural
world.
• It is a way of thinking and
knowing about the world.
• Science is a process, not a
“thing”.
• Comes from the latin word
scientia, which means
“knowledge”
What are the goals of Science?
• One goal of science is to provide natural
explanations for events in the natural world.
(Learn all there is to know)
• Science also aims to use those explanations
to understand patterns in nature and to make
useful predictions about natural events.
(Rearrange it to suit our needs)
1. How do you “know” about something?
2. Where does knowledge come from?
3. What does it mean to say that science is a
process?
4. Do you think the phrase “a way of knowing”
accurately describes science as a method
of learning?
Science vs non-science
Science
• It deals only with the natural
world.
• Scientists collect and
organize information in an
orderly way, looking for
patterns and connections
among events.
• Scientists propose
explanations that are based
on evidence, not belief.
Non-science/psuedoscience
• Explanations suggest
supernatural phenomena.
• Explanations based on belief.
What is Biology?
Biology is the study of life
How to identify living things…
• bio means “life”
• logy means “study of”
1. Living things are made up of
basic units called cells
2. are based on a universal
genetic code
3. obtain and use materials and
energy
4. grow and develop
5. Reproduce
6. respond to their environment
7. maintain a stable internal
environment
8. change over time.
• What role does science play
in the study of life?
– Examples
• Bird flu
• Illegal drugs
• Cloning human cells
The Heart of Science
Scientific Methodology
Involves:
• observing and asking
questions
• making inferences and
forming hypotheses
• conducting controlled
experiments
• collecting and analyzing data
• and drawing conclusions.
Big Ideas in Biology
What are the central themes of
biology?
• The study of biology revolves around several interlocking
big ideas:
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The cellular basis of life
Information and heredity
Matter and energy
Growth, development,
& reproduction
– Homeostasis
–
–
–
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Evolution
Structure and function
Unity and diversity of life
Interdependence in nature
And science as a way of
knowing
Class independent assignment
Objective:
Identify and describe the
central themes of biology.
How:
• I will assign each one of
you a biology textbook
number
• Use the format on the
right.
• You will turn to page 21
and follow the instructions
the right.
Name
Date
Period
Assigned book number
Objective:
Identify and describe the central themes of biology.
Directions:
Write important details about each Big Idea on the lines. Use your own
words.
1.
The cellular basis of life
2.
Information & Heredity
3.
Matter & energy
4.
Growth, development, & reproduction
5.
Homeostasis
6.
Evolution
7.
Structure and function
8.
Unity and diversity of life
9.
Interdependence in nature
10. Science as a way of knowing
Independent Assignment
Experimental Design
Lab Safety Rules
Controlling Variables
Why is it important to control • The variable that is
variables?
deliberately changed is called
the Independent variable
• If several variables are
(manipulated variable).
changed in the experiment,
researchers can’t tell which
variable is responsible for • The variable that is observed
any results they observe.
and that changes in response
to the independent variable is
called the dependent
variable (responding variable)
Identifying variables
• Next, we will identify the independent
variable and dependent variable in a
simulated experiment using Gizmos!
Consider this question…
Does the amount of sleep a student gets affect
how well that student does in school?
1. Design an experiment that would address
the question.
2. Write a short summary of the procedure it
would follow.
Where do we find reliable resources for
background information/research?
• Scientific articles
• Scientific journals
• Peer-reviewed