Transcript Motivation In Sport - Plantsbrook School

Why People Take Part in Sport
Lesson Objective: To understand the effects of
motivation on performance
Why is Motivation in Sport
Important?
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Helps us understand why some sports
performers make substantial sacrifices to
become successful
Helps us understand why certain sports
performers are more successful than
others
Ensures Maximum effort at the most
appropriate time
Why is Motivation in Sport
Important? - Continued
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Ensures continued enjoyment
and participation in exercise
Encourages sedentary people
to take up sport and exercise!
It is generally accepted that
you need to be motivated to
achieve your goals
Why do you play sport?
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Write down the reasons to why you have
played sport?
Motivation depends upon:
 Intrinsic
Motivation
 Extrinsic Motivation
 Arousal Level
 Need to avoid failure
 Need to achieve
What could these be?
Intrinsic Motivation
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An intrinsically motivated person
is:
Someone who takes part in sport
for enjoyment. They judge
success on the amount of effort
exerted in the task and by how
much they improve
In what sporting situations would
you find people participating for
intrinsic reasons?
Extrinsic Motivation
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An extrinsically motivated person is:
Someone who participates for external
rewards including:
Trophies
Medals
Money
Prizes
Effects of Intrinsic/Extrinsic
Motivation on Performance
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Introducing extrinsic rewards leads to a
reduction in intrinsic motivation
Intrinsic motivation will decrease when an
external reward is perceived to be the primary
reason for participation
If a reward increases an individual’s feelings of
competence and self-worth, then Intrinsic
motivation increases
In Professional sport motivation to win in nearly
all cases would be a mixture of both Intrinsic and
extrinsic factors
Arousal Level
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Arousal is the intensity of our
motivation – there is an ideal level
of motivation for any sport. This
ideal level of intensity will differ
between sports.
However, if we are too motivated
or not motivated enough in a sport
we are less likely to be successful.
Drive Theory
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Performance
Arousal
Drive theory suggests
that the higher the
arousal level in a
performer the greater
the level of their
performance. For
example a top-class
tennis player will
perform better in front
of a large crowd.
Drive Reduction Theory
Drive Reduction Theory
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When the learning goal has been achieved, the desire to
continue with the same task decreases.
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The initial drive to learn is strong, but once the skill has
been learned the drive is reduced and the performance of
the skill will decline
Therefore the drive to learn should be maintained, by
setting goals/targets, providing rewards, making practices
fun!!
The Inverted U Theory
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Performance
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Arousal
Original Theory: Optimum
performance occurs at a
moderate arousal level.
Modified theory: Position
of optimum arousal
depends upon:
Type of Activity
Skill level of performer
Personality of performer
Where does each sport fit in?
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3 Inverted U graph
Performance
A
B
Arousal
C
Catastrophe Theory
Performance
Here performances
increases as arousal
increases but when arousal
gets too high, performance
dramatically decreases.
This is usually caused by
the performer becoming
anxious.
Arousal
Reticular Activating System (RAS)
This is a system within the brain which
controls arousal
 Extroverts have lower levels of intrinsic
arousal than introverts – therefore
extroverts seek situations of high arousal
and introverts seek low arousal situations
 As a general rule which sports would
extroverts and introverts tend to play?
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Extroverts Vs Introverts
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Football
Rugby
Swimming
Tennis
Shot Putt
Snooker
Hockey
Badminton
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Marathon Runner
Netball
Chess
Extroverted Introverted
Sports
Sports
Competition Time
Shooting Competition:Aim to score as many points as possible with three
shots, you can shoot from a distance and score 3
points, or close and score 1 point.
NAch Vs NAF
Need to Avoid Failure Need to Achieve
 This personality type  This personality type likes
avoids challenges,
a challenge and likes
often gives up and
feedback. They are not
does not want
afraid of failure and have
feedback
a high task persistence.
A rockclimber with a high NAF would choose the
easiest way up a mountain but a rockclimber with a high
Nach would choose a harder route to gain maximum
satisfaction
Conclusion
What different things motivate a performer?
 Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation
 Arousal Level
 NAch and NAF
What system controls arousal level?
 RAS
Conclusion - continued
Arousal level depends on:
 The level they play at
 Type of activity
 Personality of the performer
Motivation is very important in determining
whether a performer is successful or not, why is
this true?