Transcript Arkansas–Oklahoma Nutrient Issues: What Happened in Arkansas?

Brian E. Haggard
Director,
Arkansas Water Resources Center
Funding provided by ANRC
through the Illinois River
Watershed Partnership
Site
Site
Ballard
Creek
Baron
BallardFork
Creek
Flint
BaronCreek
Fork (W. Siloam)
Flint Creek (Springtown)
(W. Siloam)
Illinois
River(Springtown)
(AR59)
Flint Creek
Illinois River (Savoy,
(AR59) AR)
Illinois River (Savoy,
(Watts, AR)
OK)
Mud
IllinoisCreek
RiverTributary
(Watts, OK)
Osage
CreekTributary
Mud Creek
Osage
Site Creek
Cl
Cl
461,000
258,000
461,000
521,000
258,000
101,000
521,000
8,011,000
101,000
1,656,000
8,011,000
7,694,000
1,656,000
14,000
7,694,000
3,200,000
14,000
3,200,000
Cl
SO4
SO4
767,000
748,000
767,000
1,201,000
748,000
92,000
1,201,000
9,546,000
92,000
3,144,000
9,546,000
9,434,000
3,144,000
18,000
9,434,000
3,310,000
18,000
3,310,000
SO4
NH3-N
NH
5,300
3-N
2,800
5,300
1,300
2,800
1,300
31,000
1,300
21,000
31,000
38,300
21,000
100
38,300
16,500
100
16,500
NH3-N
NO3-N
NO3-N
119,000
81,000
119,000
116,000
81,000
56,000
116,000
1,740,000
56,000
392,000
1,740,000
1,861,000
392,000
900
1,861,000
607,000
900
607,000
NO3-N
SRP
SRP
21,000
6,100
21,000
2,400
6,100
1,700
2,400
82,000
1,700
39,000
82,000
85,500
39,000
60
85,500
15,300
60
15,300
SRP
TN
TN
139,000
117,000
139,000
130,000
117,000
62,000
130,000
1,970,000
62,000
530,000
1,970,000
2,194,000
530,000
1,600
2,194,000
670,000
1,600
670,000
TN
TP
TP
29,000
9,800
29,000
5,300
9,800
2,600
5,300
236,000
2,600
72,000
236,000
241,000
72,000
300
241,000
40,700
300
40,700
TP
Ballard
Site Creek
Baron
BallardFork
Creek
Flint
BaronCreek
Fork (W. Siloam)
Flint Creek (Springtown)
(W. Siloam)
Illinois
River(Springtown)
(AR59)
Flint Creek
Illinois River (AR59)
(Savoy, AR)
Illinois River (Watts,
OK)
(Savoy, AR)
Mud
IllinoisCreek
RiverTributary
(Watts, OK)
Osage
CreekTributary
Mud Creek
Osage Creek
7.61
Cl
4.63
7.61
9.56
4.63
5.76
9.56
10.93
5.76
6.97
10.93
9.41
6.97
8.53
9.41
16.25
8.53
16.25
12.67
SO4
13.45
12.67
21.93
13.45
5.21
21.93
13.02
5.21
13.24
13.02
11.54
13.24
11.14
11.54
16.81
11.14
16.81
NH0.09
3-N
0.05
0.09
0.02
0.05
0.07
0.02
0.04
0.07
0.09
0.04
0.05
0.09
0.07
0.05
0.08
0.07
0.08
NO1.97
3-N
1.46
1.97
2.12
1.46
3.18
2.12
2.37
3.18
1.65
2.37
2.28
1.65
0.56
2.28
3.08
0.56
3.08
0.34
SRP
0.11
0.34
0.04
0.11
0.10
0.04
0.11
0.10
0.16
0.11
0.10
0.16
0.04
0.10
0.08
0.04
0.08
2.29
TN
2.10
2.29
2.37
2.10
3.52
2.37
2.69
3.52
2.23
2.69
2.68
2.23
0.95
2.68
3.40
0.95
3.40
0.49
TP
0.18
0.49
0.10
0.18
0.15
0.10
0.32
0.15
0.30
0.32
0.30
0.16
0.30
0.21
0.16
0.21
TSS
TSS
6,492,000
1,290,000
6,492,000
1,852,000
1,290,000
447,000
1,852,000
111,961,000
447,000
20,556,000
111,961,000
77,038,000
20,556,000
1,342,000
77,038,000
24,900,000
1,342,000
24,900,000
TSS
107
TSS
23
107
34
23
322
34
153
322
87
153
94
87
824
94
126
824
126



Stage recorded in 30 minute
intervals by USGS to estimate
discharge.
Water samples were collected
once a week and storm events
were targeted
Water samples were analyzed
at the AWRC WQL for:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Chloride
Sulfate
Nitrate-N
Ammonia-N
Soluble reactive P
Total N
Total P
Total Suspended Solids
 Linear
regression was used to determine
the relationship between daily load and
daily flow:
• ln(Ld) = βo + β1ln(Qd) —or—
• ln(Ld) = βo + β1ln(Qd) + β2sin(2πT) + β3cos(2πT)
 BCF
was used to remove bias from log
transformations:
BCF=
∑er
n
BCF
R2
NH3
1.26-2.81
0.66-0.87
Cl
1.01-1.10
0.78-0.98
NO3
1.00-1.21
0.71-0.98
SRP
1.01-1.65
0.84-0.98
SO4
1.01-1.09
0.80-0.98
TN
1.01-1.11
0.87-0.99
TP
1.04-1.45
0.53-0.96
TSS
1.06-6.48
0.75-0.93
Illinois River at Highway 59
1e+8
1e+8
1e+7
Chloride
1e+6
1e+6
1e+5
1e+5
1e+4
1e+4
Load (kg)
Load (kg)
1e+7
1e+3
1e+2
1e+1
1e+2
1e+1
1e+0
1e-1
1e-1
1e-2
1e-2
1e-3
1e-3
1e-4
0
100
200
300
0
Days during Calendar Year 2009
1e+8
1e+7
100
1e+7
Total P
1e+6
1e+6
1e+5
1e+5
1e+4
1e+4
1e+3
1e+2
1e+1
300
Total N
1e+3
1e+2
1e+1
1e+0
1e+0
1e-1
1e-1
1e-2
1e-2
1e-3
1e-3
1e-4
200
Days during Calendar Year 2009
1e+8
Load (kg)
Load (kg)
1e+3
1e+0
1e-4
TSS
1e-4
0
100
200
Days during Calendar Year 2009
300
0
100
200
Days during Calendar Year 2009
300
r
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Ju
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Load (kg)
M
ay
M
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Ap
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Fe
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Ju
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Ju
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M
Load (kg)
ril
Ap
ch
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M
ry
ua
br
Fe
y
ar
nu
Ja
Total Nitrogen
Load (kg)
Chloride
e18
e17
e16
e15
e14
e13
e12
e11
e10
e9
e8
e7
e6
e5
e4
e3
e2
e1
e0
ril
Ap
ch
ar
M
ry
ua
br
Fe
y
ar
nu
Ja
ay
M
ne
Ju
ly
Ju
s
gu
Au
r
be
em
ec
r
D
be
em
ov
N
er
ob
ct
r
O
be
em
pt
Se
t
ril
Ap
ch
ar
M
ry
ua
br
Fe
y
ar
nu
Ja
Total Suspended Solids
e18
e17
e16
e15
e14
e13
e12
e11
e10
e9
e8
e7
e6
e5
e4
e3
e2
e1
e0
Total Phosphorus
e18
e17
e16
e15
e14
e13
e12
e11
e10
e9
e8
e7
e6
e5
e4
e3
e2
e1
e0
Load (kg)
Illinois River at Highway 59
e18
e17
e16
e15
e14
e13
e12
e11
e10
e9
e8
e7
e6
e5
e4
e3
e2
e1
e0




Historically, loads have been
estimated using autosamplers.
In July 2009, we switched to
collecting grab samples to
estimate loads.
We used the regression
equations to predict loads from
January 2009 to July 2009.
But we also had autosampler
data from IR59 and Ballard
Creek from this time period.
Illinois River at AR59
3%
7%
16%
Ballard Creek
9%
1%
22%
The monitoring program was
successful at estimating loads within
the Upper Illinois River Watershed.
 The
regression method produced loads
similar to those estimated with the historic
method..
• autosamplers and flow-weighted composites
 The
regression method allowed us to sample
more sites across the watershed
• at about the same financial investment