Transcript 태국/말레이지아
Consortial Activities in Korea Ho Nam Choi Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information [email protected] ndsl.or.kr kesli.or.kr Korea Data Profile(2005) Population 48.8 million GDP (purchasing power parity) US$ 801.2 billion GDP - per capita US$ 22,600 GDP - growth rate 4.0% Inflation rate 2.8% No. of Internet users 33.9 million R&D spending as a % of GDP 2.6% R&D spending US$ 20.8 billion Researchers per 1,000,000 population 3,187 Researchers population 155,675 Sources: CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/index.html UNESCO statistics: http://www.uis.unesco.org/profiles/EN/GEN/countryProfile_en.aspx?code=3600 Number of Research Articles Published by Korea 160,000 +307% Korea Japan 140,000 China 120,000 -12% 100,000 80,000 +152% 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 Yr 1996 Yr Yr 1997 1998 Yr Yr 1999 2000 Yr 2001 Yr Yr 2002 2003 Yr Yr 2004 2005 Source: Based on affliliation search in Scopus Yr 2006 Key Publications Areas by Korea Year 1996 - 2006 Agricultural Immunology 3% Pharmacology 4% 4% Mathematics 4% Engineering 18% Chemical Engineering 5% Computer Science 6% Physics 14% Chemistry 8% Materials Science 12% Medicine 11% Biochemistry 11% Source: Based on affliliation search in Scopus Year 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 1986 1985 1984 1983 1982 1981 Relative Impact (World Ave=1.0) Impact Factor of Korea Papers Korea Relative Impact Compared to World 1981-2005 0.8 0.75 0.7 0.65 0.6 0.55 0.5 0.45 0.4 0.35 0.3 Bi ol og y & G en Sp et ic ac s e Sc B ie io Im nc lo m e gy N u eu no & ro lo Bi sc gy oc ie h nc em es is & tr y B eh av io C r he m is M tr ic y ro C b lin io lo ic gy al M ed ic in e Ph Ph ys ar ic m s ac o Pl G lo an eo gy t& sc i A en Ps ni ce m yc s a ho lS lo ci en gy Ec ce /P ol s yc og hi y/ at En ry v M iro at n er m A ia en gr ls t ic S ul ci So tu en ci ra ce al lS Sc ci en ie nc ce es s ge Ec ne on En ra l om gi ne ic er s in & g B us in M es at s C he om m pu at ic te s rS ci en ce Ed uc at io n M ol ec ul ar Impact Average Impact per Subject Field Impact of Fields within Korea 2001-2005 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Overview of Korean Library Consortia • Started Early 1960s • by Subject, by Type, by Region, by Common Interest • Traditional Type vs New One Coexisting – – – – – – Printed Information based vs Electronic Information based Contributed Resources vs Officially Secured Resources Mostly Informal Constitution vs Formal Constitution Mostly withering vs Booming up actively Membership fee vs Government fund 11 vs 3 Overview of Korean Library Consortia Present Status of Traditional Library Consortia Form Size Start Year Governance, staffing, resources Funding • formal constitution • regular staff • established resources membersip fee & service charge • formal constitution • regular staff • contributed resources membership fee & grant • informal constitution • no staff • contributed resources membership fee • informal constitution • no staff • contributed resources membership fee 1973 • ILL & DDS • seminar/workshop • publishing • informal constitution • no staff • contributed resources membership fee 1990 • ILL & DDS • seminar/workshop • publishing • informal constitution • no staff • contributed resources Membership fee 1995 • exchange information • publishing • informal constitution • no staff • contributed resources Membership fee KMLA by subject (med) STIMA by subject (S&T) 53 1972 KPULA by type (private univ.) 100 1972 NPULA by type (public univ.) KTLA by subject (theology) KOSSIC by subject (social sci) CLA By type (colleges) 153 51 53 56 70 1968 1962 Programs/ services • DDS, training, publishing • seminar/workshop • joint licensing • medical DB construction • ILL: online union catalog • seminar/workshop • publishing • ILL & DDS • seminar/workshop • exchange of materials • publishing • ILL & DDS • exchange of materials • seminar/workshop Overview of Korean Library Consortia Present Status of New Library Consortia Form Size Start Year Programs/ services • online DDS KORSA academic 152 2000 • seminar/workshop • ASP KERIS’ Consortium academic 234 1999 Governance, staffing, resources Funding • formal constitution • central agency • regular staff Governmental fund • established resources • operates RISS: DDS, ILL • formal constitution • national & joint licensing • central agency • seminar/workshop • regular staff • online community service • established resources Governmental fund • operates NDSL • joint purchasing of digital content, solution, services KESLI All types & subjects 416 1999 • formal constitution • mobile campus consortium • central agency • digital archive & preserving • regular staff • global linking service • established resources • seminar/workshop/forum • re-education program Governmental fund & grant KORSA • Established in 2000 by GIST • Built a DB with over 6 million records of article indices with 15,000 journals • Currently 154 Members join for online resource sharing services • 30 libraries join for ASP system Hard time creating a blue ocean to avoid overlaps of KERIS’s and KESLI’s activities KERIS’ Consortium overview • • • • Started in 1999 for Licensing e-information Consists of Academic Institutes Concentrates on Web DBs Two Licensing Programs – National Academic Licensing Program • Currently 14 DBs selected • 30 ~ 100% financial support for each DB – Joint License Purchasing Program • Operates RISS: service platform KERIS’ Consortium National Academic Licensing Program e-Resources purchased under National Academic Licensing Program Year 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 No. of e-Resources 4 5 7 11 12 12 14 List of e-Resouces OCLC FS(ECO) OCLC FS(ECO) OCLC FS(ECO) OCLC FS(ECO) OCLC FS(ECO) OCLC FS(ECO) OCLC FS(ECO) ACM DL ACM DL ACM DL ACM DL ACM DL ACM DL ACM DL LC CDS LC CDS LC CDS LC CDS LC CDS LC CDS LC CDS & OCLC Catalog OCLC Cataloging OCLC Cataloging OCLC Cataloging OCLC Cataloging OCLC Cataloging OCLC Cataloging DDoD CSA IDS CSA IDS CSA IDS CSA IDS CSA IDS PQDD DDoD DDoD DDoD DDoD JCR Web PQDD PQDD PQDD PQDD PML JCR Web JCR Web JCR Web OED E*Subscribe E*Subscribe E*Subscribe Westlaw OCLC netLibrary OCLC netLibrary OCLC netLibrary OCLC netLibrary Ulrich's & BIP Ulrich's & BIP Ulrich's & BIP Safari eBook Safari eBook Safari eBook Scopus LION Education Collection KERIS’ Consortium National Academic Licensing Program Present Status of National Academic Licensing Program as of 2005 e-Resources No. of participants Remarks 1 OCLC FirstSearch 400 100% supported 2 LC CDS & OCLC Cataloging 12 100% supported 3 ACM Digital Library 400 100% supported 4 DDOD 5 Proquest PQDD 97 30% supported PDU package service 6 JCR Web 84 30% supported 7 OCLC NetLibrary 98 35% supported 8 Safari eBook 39 30% supported 9 Westlaw 49 30% supported 10 OED 400 100% supported 11 PML 44 30% supported 12 Scopus 13 LION 23 30% supported 14 Education Collection 150 100% supported Trial period 100% supported for the 1st year only * OCLC FirstSearch and ACM Portal service are provided to 400 universities’ individual members. * Number of participants of OCLC NetLibrary is the accumulated one from year 2002 to 2005. KERIS’ Consortium Surveys Distributed portion of domestic scholars and usage status of e-information by discipline (%) human social natural eng/ ities sci sci tech 12.0 11.0 11.0 29.0 6.0 10.0 7.0 14.0 9.7 4.1 24.1 31.0 7.6 - 2.8 5.5 15.2 7.6 15.9 33.1 6.2 2.1 4.8 3.4 average searches for e-info DB by discipline 5.8 3.3 9.9 19.2 8.1 8.4 10.1 35.2 average downloads for e-info DB by discipline 2.2 2.1 14.1 17.4 8.8 9.0 6.5 39.9 domestic scholars portion by discipline e-info subscription portion by discipline (year 2003) future desired e-info portion by discipline usage stats medical art/phy sci sical Edu biz/ cation econ * source: “2003 Korea Educational Statistics” KERIS’ Consortium Surveys Average information expenditure and subscription volume per university 2000 average expenditure of library information materials average expenditure of foreign e-information subscription ratio of foreign e-information expenditure against library information materials expenditure average e-information subscription volume 2001 2002 2003 $850,000 $950,000 $820,000 $825,000 $94,000 $116,000 $120,000 $128,000 10.96% 12.20% 14.6% 15.5% 8.04 items 9.47 items 11.27 items 15.5 items KERIS’ Consortium Surveys Priority for Web DB Procurement (unit: %, n=131 libraries, answers of 1st priority) 50 40 34.4 30 20 18.3 9.9 10 9.2 7.6 8.4 4.6 4.6 1.5 1.5 0 eng'g/ human tech ities natural sci social sci medical sci edu cation biz/ econ art/ others physical no answer KERIS’ Consortium Surveys Priority for e-Journal Procurement (unit: %, n=131 libraries, answers of 1st priority) 50 38.9 40 30 19.8 20 16.0 7.6 10 5.3 3.8 social sci edu cation 1.5 0.8 4.6 1.5 0 eng'g/ natural tech sci human ities medic al sci biz/ econ art/ others physical no answer KERIS’ Consortium Surveys Priority for e-Book Procurement (unit: %, n=131 libraries, answers of 1st priority) 50 40 33.6 32.1 30 20 6.1 10 6.1 7.6 5.3 3.1 2.3 edu cation biz/ econ 2.3 1.5 0 eng'g/ human tech ities natural sci social sci medical sci art/ others physical no answer Consortial Activities of KESLI • • • • • • Why a KESLI? What a KESLI? Business Statistics Ongoing Programs Challenging Issues Future Directions Why a KESLI? • E-Journals started booming late 90’s in Korea • Change of subscription mode • No idea from Government bodies or Central body of Korean Library Associations to respond properly • Triggered by Early Adapters of KAIST • Benchmarking of Foreign Cases: NESLI… • Shared idea of consortium based joint purchasing KESLI(Korea Electronic Site License Initiative) was born in 1999 to deal with these issues. What a KESLI? • ‘Law of Two Feet’ • Voluntarily Sprouted, but Growing and Evolving on demand • No legal or institutional apparatus supported • More than a Buying Club New Value Potential • Endless Challenges Organic Body?? What a KESLI? • Success Factors of KESLI – – – – – – – Shared interest: Information cost Improve resource sharing More information about the information resources Stable funding Communications Development of attractive programs and services Strong Leadership KESLI’s Ongoing Programs • • • • • • • Consortium purchasing & Resource sharing program NDSL operations Project of building a National Digital Archive Promotion of web service based NOS(NDSL-on-Site) Mobile Campus Consortium project Linking Center Education and Training programs – e-Information Forum – Re-education program for professional librarians Consortium Purchasing & Resource Sharing Total 420 libraries participating in the KESLI consortium Joint purchasing: 343 libraries - 13,933 e-journals, 2,507 e-proceedings, 12,423 e-standards, 26,523 e-books, 7 databases and other 6 products DDS: 262 libraries universities 서울대 등 141개 서울대 등 서울대 등 141개 208 141개 대학교 대학교 대학교 private companies 서울대 등 141개 서울대 등 141개 서울대 등 141개 70 대학교 대학교 대학교 research institutes 서울대 등 141개 서울대 등 서울대 등 141개 71 141개 대학교 대학교 대학교 KESLI medical institutes 서울대 등 141개 서울대 등 서울대 등 141개 48 141개 대학교 대학교 대학교 public 등 bodies 서울대 141개 서울대 등 141개 서울대 등 141개 23 대학교 대학교 대학교 Consortium Purchasing & Resource Sharing Big Jump of use level of journals by library type (As of June 17, 2005) Number of Journals 3,520 2,972 2,920 1,986 2,473 1,731 329 114 University Research 50 Corporate Journal titles subscribed before KESLI 213 46 Medical Public 227 Average Journal titles accessible after KESLI Consortium purchasing & Resource sharing Cost Saving Effects by KESLI (As of October 31, 2003) Individual Deal ToL No. of Average member E-journal Average Total Cost Cost by ToL titles by Group (D)=A*C (A) (B) (C) KESLI Deal Expected Average KESLI Total cost Savings Cost Cost by ToL support by ToL by ToL (F)=A*E (I)=D-H (G) (H)=F+G (E) Univ 142 2,638 $4.87m $691.54m $0.06m $8.52m $0.23m $8.75m $682.79m Research 43 2,334 $4.31m $185.33m $0.04m $1.72m $0.06m $1.78m $183.55m Corporate 43 1,689 $3.12m $134.16m $0.02m $0.86m $0.05m $0.91m $133.25m Medical 39 1,811 $3.35m $130.65m $0.03m $1.17m $0.04m $1.21m $129.44m Public 9 1,084 $2.00m $0.01m $0.09m $0.01m $0.10m Total 276 - - 2,276 Average $18.00m - $1,159.68m $4.20m - $17.90m - $12.36m $0.39m $12.75m $1,146.93m $0.04m - $0.14m $0.05m $4.16m Consortium Purchasing & Resource Sharing Resource Sharing Statistics by year Number of DDS transactions DDS participating libraries 300 235 250 179 200 150 252 264 50000 44391 45000 41129 40143 40000 209 32560 35000 30000 138 25000 20254 20000 100 15000 10000 50 7457 5000 0 1 2001 2 2002 3 2003 4 2004 5 2005 6 2006.9 X : year, Y : no. of libraries 0 1 2001 2 2002 3 2003 4 2004 5 2005 6 2006.9 X : year, Y : no. of supplied docs Consortium Purchasing & Resource Sharing Cost Effectiveness thru consortial procurement Cost per Article trend by year 3.8 4 3.8 3.5 3 2.4 2.5 1.9 2 2 1.4 1.5 1.2 1 0.5 1.9 1.3 0.9 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 2002 2003 2004 2005 0.1 0 2001 0.5 0.3 1 0.8 Survey against 7 major suppliers A B C D E F G 1.1 0.4 Unit: US$ NDSL Operations “A National Scholarly Portal for Publications” … provides one-click total gateway services for accessing both electronic and printed journal/proceeding papers to nationwide researchers by building a comprehensive metadatabase in collaboration with KESLI member libraries and participating suppliers NDSL Operations Why a NDSL? Licenses for accessing information resources drastically expanded nationwide by KESLI’s efforts, but • • • There were no suitable information services solely to meet the highly enhanced Korean researchers’ demand that any document, regardless of its subject, format, and location should be obtained from any time any place by just one-click away Building one single comprehensive meta database for foreign scholarly information was strongly needed to provide nationwide researchers with streamlined gateway service Resources sharing were being carried out manually and partly among some of libraries. Nationwide automatic resource sharing system required. NDSL Operations Suppliers NDSL Service Configuration DOI Lookup NDSL My NDSL Search Our Library subscription View e-fulltext Open URL NDSL Link Protocol Member Library System Subscription Information Content Information e-Gate DB NOS DDS ILL e-Commerce System e-Gate DB content PPV Bibliographic Data p-Journal Subscription Data e-Journal License Data KESLI Claim P/G Negotiation Order Contract Bank e-Marketplace System Users (Academic/ Research/ Industry/Venture/Individual) Member Library Staff (KESLI, DDS) NDSL Operations • Functions – One-stop comprehensive searching and fulltext supplying service for 34 million papers of both 49,000 scholarly journals and 180,000 proceedings – One-click gateway service for 18 million e-Fulltexts of 20,000 core e-Journals – Journal Browsing service by subject, by individual library subscription, by alphabetical order, by SCI selections, and by publisher – Online photocopy services for documents held either by 262 DDS member libraries or overseas – E-mail Alerting service based on individual profile – My NDSL service – Remote Access service via NDSL Proxy Server for licensed e-Journals NDSL Operations • Special Features – Comprehensiveness – All web-based – e-Commerce employed – Biggest and Finest DB in its kind in Korea – Differentiated interfacing by log-on user, by desk-top – Originally designed for targeting • 50,000,000 records of meta data • 200,000 registered individual members • 500 simultaneous users NDSL Operations NDSL DB status NDSL Database Bib Records - Journals - Proceedings 231,977 49,578 182,399 Article Bib Records - Journal Articles - Proceeding Papers 34,118,216 28,010,394 6,107,822 No. of Issues - Journal Issues - Proceeding Issues 5,323,688 5,135,237 188,451 No. of Holding Library Data by Issue 17,036,797 (387 holding libraries) Links to e-fulltext - Journal Articles - Proceeding Papers Licensed Journals of Members 18,720,972 17,840,416 880,556 1,842,825 (339 libraries) NDSL Operations as of May 31, 2005 Registration Registered Individuals: 76,481 Professor 10% Professor 7,991 Graduate(Ph.D) 9,101 Graduate(Masters) 19,228 Undergraduate 14,103 Researcher 8,901 Librarian 1,311 Others 15,846 Others 21% Graduate(Ph.D) 12% Graduate(Masters) 25% Librarian 2% Researcher 12% Undergraduate 18% NDSL Operations as of May 31, 2005 e-Fulltext clickthroughs by client type Total clickthroughs : 2,367,351 Others Professor 236,733 213,062 Librarian 9% 9% 355,103 15% Graduate(Ph.D) 19% 449,797 Researcher 9% 213,062 5% 33% Undergraduate 118,368 Graduate(Masters) 781,226 NDSL Operations as of May 31, 2005 DDS by client group Total documents: 139,539 Professor 18,140 Others 33,489 23% Graduate(Ph.D) 13% 12,559 9% 10% Graduate(Masters) 28% Librarian 39,071 2% 14% 13,954 Undergraduate Researcher 19,535 2,791 NDSL Operations As of May 2005 Searches & Browses e-Fulltext clickthroughs 5,199,569 994,853 4,036,385 3,713,342 1,059,027 975,993 2,166,487 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005. 5 Document Delivery Requests 50,448 47,712 764,185 570,826 421,278 38,122 414,522 196,540 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005. 5 24,004 21,020 8,681 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005. 5 National Digital Archive • Background and necessity – Traditional Purchase-and-Own model : Individual Archiving – Lease Model of e-Journals – Publishers’ archiving policies are NOT basic solutions Centralized Archiving and Preservation required ! Commercial archiving service: PORTICO ☞ NDA was designed for guaranteeing perpetual access to the e-journals that were licensed and paid by KESLI members. National Digital Archive • Progresses by now – Contracted or Agreed with 20 publishers – 6,900,000 e-fulltext data from 4,900 journals collected(mostly PDF) 8 tera byte storage required – A test bed archiving system under construction Test running from 2007 • Purposes – guarantee perpetual access to the digital content that was licensed and paid by KESLI members – Prepare for just in case of service suspension caused by publishers’ bankruptcy, merging, or other disasters – Study for long term preservation of digital data for maintaining readability – Provide new value-added information services with the archived data NOS(NDSL-on-Site) • NOS is a solution that supports Individual Library’s Information System to interoperate with NDSL using ‘web service’ technology • Patrons from Individual Library can use all of NDSL resources and services from their library information system, without paying extra visits to NDSL separately • 20 libraries are NOS customers now. Mobile Campus Consortium project • KT and KTF sponsored KESLI to develop and distribute a Wireless DL Solution to the Mobile Campus Consortium members who were selected on applications among KESLI members. • Provides both library and academic information services via cellular phone or PDA • 67 universities participating for 2004 thru 2005 • US$ 2 million Mobile Campus Consortium project PDA Portal Service http://pda.sm.ac.kr Intranet Announcement Edu/Admin Library Community Web mail announcement reservation search Groupware Mobile Campus Consortium project Mobile services via cellular phone Wireless DL Search loan Educational Admin Phone page 2D barcode wireless internet connect Mobile library service mobile campus Mobile ID 2D바코드 Entry control Seat allocation Student ID managing Alerting UMS dispatch system CDMA network National Linking Center • To run a National Linking Center by hosting a Linking Resolver in order for the KESLI member libraries to provide customized global linking services for their patrons • Linking with Various Internet Sources(Google Scholar, PubMed, Ebsoco Host, etc) • Consortium based operations • Builds and operates Local Knowledge Base Education & Training programs Re-education program “Workshop contest by group” July 10~11 2003 Cheongpoong Resort, Chechun Education & Training programs e-Information Forum Panel Discussion: “The Role of Future Libraries” 2005 KESLI e-Information forum April 27~29 2005 Daemyung Condominium Danyang KESLI’s Challenging Issues • • • • • • • • Negotiation Process Maintaining Buying Power Package Deal License Model: Win-Win model? Matter of Size Evaluation and feed back Archiving Acceptance of content to KESLI – Supplier Driven User Driven • Not consolidated loosely federated KESLI’s Challenging Issues A Matter of Package Deal: usage concentration Usage portion of 10% highly used journals by publisher 100% 80% 69% 65% 77% 74% 60% 62% 60% 67% 71% 2004 2005 40% 20% 0% Pub. A Pub. B Pub. C Pub. D * against 299 members for 2004, 319 members for 2005 KESLI’s Challenging Issues A Matter of Package Deal: non-use journals Non-use journals portion by publisher 30% 25% ※ Non-Use Journals are those with less than 10 downloads for a year 23% 22% 20% 15% 14% 10% 14% 14% 13% 13% 6% 5% 0% Pub. A Pub. B Pub. C Pub. D * against 299 members for 2004, 319 members for 2005 2004 2005 KESLI’s Future Directions • Change of administrating strategy – administrator driven member driven – a simple buying club a marketplace creating new value • Collaborations with existing library associations • KESLI Information Center – statistics, surveys, reporting data, claims, etc – seminar, workshop – accumulated data of terms and conditions • • • • • Training and supporting negotiations expert Developing a Evaluation and Feed back system Funding related research project Developing community services Global cooperations and communications Thank you !