Transcript HISTORY THROUGH THE LOOKING

HISTORY THROUGH THE LOOKINGGLASS OF THE OXFORD ENGLISH
DICTIONARY
Professor Viktor V.Kabakchi
http://vorto.ru/statyi/istoriya-v-zerkale-oksfordskogo-slovarya-iliopyt-leksikograficheskoy-istoriografii
Multilingualism of the OED












Latin
40304
French
23151
Greek
8145
German
3479
Italian
2077
Spanish
1728
Japanese
501
Russian
400
Portuguese 393
Chinese
325
Czech
22
Ukrainian
2
EARLY RUSSIANISMS in the OED
<>Rus (a1525)
<> boyar (1555)
<> czar| tsar (1555)
<> verst (1555)
<> Muscovite (1555)
<> kvass (a1556)
<> rouble (1557)
<> Crim (c1560)
<> pristav (1568)
<> voivode (1570)
Richard Chancellor (d.1556) => the
Muscovy Company
the Rus se [a1525 OED1 Online 2013 Russ]
The seals, walrosses, and cod, caught in the
Russian seas, are likewise very important
articles. [1796, Amer. Universal Geogr.; OED1
Online 2013 walrus].
Unknown words in Muscovy
They worship the Sunne, the Ollen,
and the Losy and such like. [1613, S.
Purchas Pilgrimage iv. xvii. 431; OED1
Online 2013 losh]
Fish







beluga (1591)
sevruga (1591)
starlet (1591)
omul (1706)
osetr (1753)
nerka (1764)
gorbuscha (1784)
The Razumovskiy carries, among former rarities, smoked
or cured sturgeon ... and salmon (syomga, gorbusha,
keta, and nerka). [2002, Harper's Mag.; OED1 Online 2013:
nerka, n.].
Morse vs walrus?
 There are also a fishes teeth, which fish is called a Morsse.
(a1556 R. Chancellor in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1598) I.
237; OED Online 2013 morse).
 The morse (walrus), an aquatic mammal of the same order as
the seal. [1992 Yale French Stud. No. 81. 13; OED Online 2013
morse]
 Ikra vs caviar(e): The Muscovites call it Ikary, and the Italians
Cavaiar. [1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors
87; OED1 Online 2013 ikary]
 Of Ickary or Cauery, a great quantitie is made vpon the..Volgha
out of the fish called Bellougina. [1591 G. Fletcher Of Russe
Common Wealth iii. f. 9v; OED1 Online 2013 beluga].
«Beluga malossol» [OED3 Online
2013 malossol: 1959]
Vodka vs brandy
In euery great towne of his Realme he hath a Caback
or drinking house, where is sold ... mead, beere,
etc.[1591 G. Fletcher Of Russe Common Wealth xii. f.
44; OED1 Online 2012 caback]. vodka (1802-3).
They beginne commonly with a Chark, or small
cuppe of Aqua vitæ. [1591 G. Fletcher Of Russe
Common Wealth xxviii. f. 112v; OED1 Online 2013
chark].
Vodka vs brandy
 The liquors in use among the Russians: viz. quas,
braga, or small-beer, beer, and Russ brandy. [1780
W. Tooke tr. J. G. Georgi Russia II. 319; OED1 Online
2013 Russ].
 The peasantry ... still prefer their national brandy,
called vodka. [1833 R. Pinkerton Russia 74; OED1
Online 2013 vodka]
 voda water + endearing diminutive suffix –ka
(Barnhart R.K. (ed.) The Barnhart Dictionary of
Etymology. Wilson Co., 1988).
Crim [OED3 Online 2013 Crim:
c1560] => CRIMEA
slave n [ME sclave, fr. OF or ML; OF
esclave, fr. ML sclavus, fr. Sclavus Slav;
from the frequent enslavement of Slavs in
central Europe] (14c) [EncBrWebster;
OED1 Online 2013 Slav]
 Whole Rivulets of an Oily substance, by them call'd
Nefte. [1698 J. Crull Antient & Present State
Muscovy I. 48; OED2 Online 2013 nefte].
 Nefte =?= oil This Oyle is blacke, and is called Nefte.
[c1575 G. Ducket in R. Eden Martyr's Decades (1577)
f. 328v; OED2 Online 2013 nefte].
 We saw ... above thirty sources of Nefte, which is a
kind of Medicinal Oil. [1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius
Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 402; OED2 Online 2013
nefte].
История в зеркале Большого
Оксфордского словаря (OED)
http://vorto.ru/statyi/istoriya-v-zerkaleoksfordskogo-slovarya-ili-opytleksikograficheskoy-istoriografii
(in Russian)
Questions?