Transcript WHY STUDY INSECTS?? - Universiti Putra Malaysia

External Structure of Insects,
Functions & Locomotion
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Insect surface: exoskeleton & epidermis
Head: Mouthparts, Antennae, Eyes
Thorax:Thoracic segments, Wings, Legs
Abdomen: Segments,Ovipositor,Cerci,Style
REMEMBER EXOSKELETON?
FUNCTION??
Function of Exoskeleton
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Body support
Protection
Water conservation
Location of muscle attachment - allows
movement
• Colouration & Camouflage
THE INSECT SURFACE
(Exoskeleton) - glycoprotein
Dermal gland:
produce pheromone,
repellant
Exoskeletal Parts
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Tergite/Tergum (Dorsal,Abdomen)
Notum (Dorsal, Thorax)
Pleurum (Lateral)
Sternite/Sternum
HEAD
MOUTH PARTS
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Clypeus
Labrum (“upper lip”)
Labium (‘lower lip’)
Mandibles (‘jaw-like)
Maxillae
ADAPTATIONS OF THE MOUTHPARTS
• MANDIBULATE –
• HAUSTELLATE –
– A) Stylet –
– B) Proboscis –
– C) Sponging –
THE EYES
• 2 Types: a) Compound eye
b) Ocelli (sing. Ocellus)
THE ANTENNA
• For touch and smell ( some case hearing)
THORAX
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Pro,meso,meta
Notum & Pleuron
Wings
Legs
THORAX
HALTERE
-balancing-
PRO
MESO
META
DIPTERA- TRUE FLIES
NOTUM (DORSAL)
PLEURON
(LATERAL)
LEGS
TYPES OF INSECT’S LEGS
• CURSORIAL
• FOSSORIAL
• RAPTORIAL
• SALTATORIAL
• NATATORIAL
• POLLEN COLLECTING
WINGS
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ELYTRON
TEGMINA
HEMIELITRON
MEMBRANOUS
HALTERE
SCALE-LIKE
FRINGED
Fringed-like
Scale-like wing (butterflies & moths)
INSECTS LARVAE
• CAMPODEIFORM
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CARABIFORM (pg 29)
flattened, well-developed legs
Carabidae (beetle)
short legs, short cerci and a flattened
body.
• SCARABAEIFORM
• ELATERIFORM
• Wireworm
• ERUCIFORM
– PLATYFORM
• VERMIFORM
INSECTS PUPAE
• EXARATE (EKSARAT)
• OBTECT (OBTEK)
• COARCTATE (KOARKTAT)
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