Transcript The Role of Road Transport in Servicing International Trade

The Role of Road Transport in
Servicing International Trade
TARI
Tashkent, 4 May 2010
Martin MARMY
Secretary General
Future of Road Transport:
Search for global solution
 Increased cooperation at national, regional and international
levels
 Development of the complementarity of the various
transport modes  harmonisation of regulations and
standards and deployment of Intelligent Transport Systems
 Market opening including public transport  improve
efficiency through competition
 Improve vocational training and education  improve
professionalism and quality and sustainable development
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Today’s Topics
I. This is the IRU - Structure and Priorities
II. Road transport regulation and
UN Conventions
III. Contribution of road transport to the
logistics chain, economic development
and the environment
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
This is the IRU
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Evolution of IRU Membership
Created
1948
National Associations
from 8 founding countries
Belgium Denmark
Norway
Sweden
France
Netherlands
UK
Switzerland
2010
180 Members
74 Countries
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Evolution of IRU Structure
1948
IRU founded in Geneva
IRU Permanent Delegation to the
1973
EU established in Brussels
IRU Permanent Delegation to the
1998
CIS established in Moscow
IRU Permanent Delegation to the
2005 Middle East established in Istanbul
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
The democratic structure of the IRU
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
IRU International Commissions
and Working Parties
Commissions
Working Parties
• Social Affairs
• Dangerous Goods
• Economic Affairs
• Combined Transport
• Customs Affairs
• Taxis and hire cars
with driver
• Legal Affairs
• Technical Affairs
• Road Safety
• Services to
Transport Operators
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
IRU Priority Issues
 Sustainable Development
• Innovation
• Incentives
These are
also the
priorities
of the
IRU Academy
• Infrastructure
 Facilitation
• Trade
• Tourism
• Road Transport
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
The most effective
UN facilitation instrument
TIR System
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Geographical scope
of the TIR Convention
68
Contracting
Parties
57
TIR Operational
Countries
1
Contracting Party in
Admission Process
3
In Negotiation
Process
6
Interested
Parties
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
International recognition of
your vocational training
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
International Recognition through
IRU Academy Advisory Committee
UNECE
United Nations
Economic
Commission for
Europe
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
IRU Academy
CPC Manager Programme
Fully compliant with European Directives
96/26/EC and 98/76/EC
Recognition
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
IRU Academy
CPC Driver Programme
Fully compliant with European Directive 2003/59/EC on
Professional Driving
Competence
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Vocational training
provided by the IRU Academy
CPC DRIVER PROGRAMME
CPC MANAGER
PROGRAMME
TACHOGRAPH PROGRAMME
&
DRIVING & REST TIME
RULES
DANGEROUS GOODS (ADR)
PROGRAMME
TRIPARTITE HIV/AIDS
PROJECT
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“IRU ACADEMY ONLINE“
INTERNET APPLICATION
© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
WCO and IRU work together to
provide facilitation learning package
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
The IRU structure should always be
adapted to the changing world
Change is life.
The world is changing.
To be successful the IRU is obliged to
adapt its structure and working methods
to the changing world.
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
European Union (EU)
Member States
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Commonwealth of
Independent States (CIS)
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Economic Cooperation
Organisation (ECO)
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Shanghai Cooperation
Organisation (SCO)
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EurAsEC
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Country membership
of the Regional Organisations
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
New IRU structure – to better serve
Regional Organisations
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Today’s Topics
I. This is the IRU - Structure and Priorities
II. Road transport regulation and
UN Conventions
III. Contribution of road transport to the
logistics chain, economic development
and the environment
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Objective of the UNECE
Mission Statement: In its 56 member countries,
including Georgia and Russia, the UNECE manages
57 multilateral instruments such as International
Conventions and Agreements related to:
I. UNECE Regulations
II. UNECE Conventions
- Road Safety
- Facilitation of transport
- Energy saving
and trade
- Environmental protection
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
I. UNECE Regulations
Infrastructure
 European Agreement
on Main International
Traffic Arteries (AGR)
 Trans-European North-South
Motorway Project (TEM)
 Vienna convention (signalisation)
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Comparison of economic return from
different types of infrastructure
Average economic rates of return (%)
World Bank supported infrastructure projects
29
30
19
20
20
15
12
10
6
0
ter
a
w
ly
pp
u
s
s
e
e
e
cts
ur
ur
on
t
e
i
tur
t
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t
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c
a
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u
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ro
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str
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s tr
kp
a
u
a
a
n
r
r
r
f
Ba
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inf
mm
t
l in
o
i
d
d
r
l
c
a
a
r
r
e
po
ro
tel
Wo
l
l
a
Source: The World Bank
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Comparison of land used for roads
as % of country’s total surface
5
percentage
4
3
2
1.4
1
0.7
0.6
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.3
0.3
0.6
0.5
0.2
0.1
Average 0.5
0
A
CZ
D
DK
E
F
GB
H
I
NL
P
PL
S
Source: CE based on Eurostat and IRF
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Evolution of Road Safety
Performance (EU27)
140
120
Road fatalities (all road vehicles)
2000 = 100
135
This has been achieved through:
100
1. Major improvements
96 of the human factor
100
2. Major improvements of the used
80
infrastructure
76
80
3. Major improvements of the vehicle
technology
60
1990
2000
2001
2005
2006
75
2007
Source: EU Energy & Transport in Figures, 2009
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
II. UNECE Conventions
The role of road transport is so vital that:
of 57 international transport conventions, 33 are
UN Conventions aimed at facilitating road
transport and trade
Road Transport benefits from
facilitation instruments
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
G20 leaders call for facilitation
of trade and road transport!
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Any penalty on road transport
is an even greater penalty to trade
16
14
USD Billions
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Transport Costs only
Source: Hague Consulting Group, 1998
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All Costs *
* includes lost opportunities
© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Securing trade entails protection from
organised crime – Secure Parking needed!
17%
5-year attack rate

1 in 6 drivers
attacked in the past
five years (30% more
than once)
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
TRANSPark Search
Sites around Berlin
Site Close-up
Route Planning
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
IRU BWTO Graphs
(Border Waiting Times Observatory)
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Road transport
must be facilitated!
Inefficient transport/customs procedures discourage investment
and make companies and national economies less competitive
Inefficient logistics
Lower transport
Transport costs represent
volumes
up to 15% of the export value
High transaction
(trade) costs
Increased
inventories
Reduced FDI
Poor
Competitiveness
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Border waiting times are costly
for national economies
from 0.5 day
to 4.5 days
Source: NELTI Final Report, www.iru.org
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Investment in UN border facilitation is
not only cheap, but sometimes costless
For example
The UNECE International Convention on the
Harmonization of Frontier Controls of
Goods and the TIR Convention
Goal
Reduce number and duration of border controls
Cheap
Implementation does not require large financial outlay,
but mainly administrative/organisational measures
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Today’s Topics
I. This is the IRU - Structure and Priorities
II. Road transport regulation and
UN Conventions
III. Contribution of road transport to the
logistics chain, economic development
and the environment
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Globalisation
and the Logistics Chain
What does it take to have a cup of coffee in a café?
Thetransport
combined has
efforts
of
Road
become
29 companies in 18 countries
a vital production tool!
Source: IRU
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Road transport is the only mode
to provide door-to-door service
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Why China grows:
the Asian Model
Real GDP growth in %
8
If you invest more,
7
6
5
If you add more labour,
4
3
If you have more labour with more2
investments you will have growth! 1
0
Real GDP growth, 5Y average
Source: UBS Investment Bank
New opportunities resulting from
the reopening of the Silk Road
to US West Coast
to US West Coast
Key:
Sea transport
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Evolution of sea containers
in ports
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Satellite Intercepts of the World’s
Telecommunications in a 24-Hour Period
Modern Activity Gap: The blank swath in the northern
hemisphere is centred on Central Asia!
Source: Centre for Strategic International Studies (CSIS), Washington, DC
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Itineraries of the Ancient Silk
Road up to 700 years ago
If the Silk Road worked for Marco Polo,
then why shouldn’t it work for trade
and road transport today?
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
to US West Coast
Interconnecting all the businesses
along the reopened Silk Road
To US East Coast
Labour
Diesel
costs
fuel = Sea
=30$200/month
cents/litre
To Black
to US West Coast
Key:
Sea transport
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Land transport
© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Interconnecting all the businesses
along the reopened Silk Road
to US West Coast
to US West Coast
Key:
Sea transport
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Land transport
© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Launch of historic
Beijing-Brussels Caravan
Brussels
Beijing
Black Sea Ring Highway
Truck Caravan, April 2007
The Caravan was initiated with the aim of
promoting the future BSEC Ring Highway and
identifying the physical road conditions and the
non-physical barriers to road transport.
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
IRU New Euro-Asian Land
Transport Initiative - NELTI
• Launched in September
2008
• Commercial transport
deliveries performed by
transport operators from
12 Euro-Asian countries
• 5 routes
• In cooperation with the
Asian Development Bank
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Road transport Euro-Asia
feasibility study
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Road Transport and
the environment
IRU’s 3 “i”s for
Sustainable Development
1. Innovation – develop ever more effective “at-
source” technical measures & operating
practices to reduce environmental impact.
2. Incentives – encourage faster introduction by
transport operators of best available
technologies and practices.
3. Infrastructure – ensure free-flowing traffic
through adequate investment in new
infrastructure, to remove bottlenecks and
missing links and make full use of existing
infrastructure.
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Evolution of Commercial
Vehicle Toxic Emissions
Euro 0 (1990)
Euro I (1993)
Euro II (1996)
Euro III (2000)
Euro IV (2005)
Euro V (2008)
Euro VI (2014)
percentage (1990 = 100)
100
80
- 88%
- 95%
- 97%
CO
HC
NOx
- 98%
60
40
20
0
particulates
Source: EU Commission 2008
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
European Standard Vehicles
vs. Modular Concept
EU regular
combinations
7.82 m
Modular Concept
13.6 m
7.82 m
7.82 m
13.6 m
7.82 m
13.6 m
13.6 m
Two vehicles instead of three
• Possible to decouple to
shorter combinations
• Standard loading units
• Same volume of cargo
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•
•
•
•
•
Less total fuel consumption
Less emissions per tonkm
Less total room on road
Lower cost per tonne/km
Less road damage
© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
IRU “30 by 30” Resolution
- 30% CO2 by 2030
The road transport sector has
voluntarily committed, on the basis
of innovative technologies and
practices, to reduce CO2 emissions
by 30% by 2030 based on
transport performance in tkm and
pkm and related to the base year
2007.
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Road Transport and Oil
In road transport,
oil is Black Gold !
What is the “real” price in US$ / barrel
of one litre of diesel?
The current spot price in New York is $70 / barrel
But!
Fuel price at the pump
The "real price"
UK: £1.138 / litre
UK: $285 / barrel
US: $0.728 / litre
US: $116 / barrel
RUS: $0.66 / litre (= 19.33 Rub)
RUS: $105 / barrel
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
We need an Energy Policy
instead of a fiscal policy!
USA
19%
Canada
25%
Japan
34%
France
48%
50%
Germany
Italy
44%
UK
60%
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
US$/litre
Crude Oil Price
Distrib. Cost & Margin
Source: National governments; OPEC 2006
Tax (VAT, Excise duty)
Road transport has no viable
alternative to petrol and diesel fuel!
Weight & volume of fuel tank
for same amount of energy
Weight
coefficient
Volume
coefficient
Petrol / gasoline
1
1
Diesel Fuel
1
1
Propane (C3H3)
8
1.9
Butane (C4H10)
8
1.4
Hydrogen (H2) - Gas at 200 BAR
25
22
Hydrogen (H2) - Liquid at -253°C
4
5.8
Metal Hydride - Magnesium
5
3.2
Metal Hydride - Vanadium
10
1.7
Metal Hydride - Iron-Titanium
20
3.2
Methanol (CH3OH)
2.2
2.1
Ethanol (C2H5OH)
1.62
1.53
70
12
Lead Battery
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Road transport is 100% dependent on oil
Need to diversify the energy market
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
www.iru.org
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
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© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010