Transcript Cechy gospodarki rynkowej - ADi Associazione Docenti e

Communist economic system was first introduced
in the USSR and later in Poland (1947-1989).
The authorities determined from the outset
what, for whom and at what price should be
produced.
The economy followed the command – and –
distribution pattern.
Due to lack of competition, the product quality
was poor.
 The theorists of Communist regime imposed
their politics and did not concentrate on the
economic calculation.

The authorities set employment and wages
thresholds in workplaces. This resulted in overemployment and very low wages (hidden
unemployment).

The system promoted passivity instead of
entrepreneurship among the people of Polish
Republic (PRL)
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Among all the Eastern block countries, Poland
was the only one where some remains of
private ownership were maintained
(agriculture, craftsmanship, trade), although
potential profits were curbed by high taxes
Shops were empty, and scarce goods were
obtained either by barter trade or by talon
system

Goods rationing in PRL – the PRL government
introduced the talon system for most basic goods. See
below: talons for sugar and meat

August 1980 marked the climax of social
unrest. Following an announced rise in prices,
strikes erupted throughout the country

„Solidarność” was created on 17th September 1980, as
a result of August agreements, which marked the end
of August 1980 strikes. Lech Wałęsa was chosen as the
leader of the movement.
Solidarność origin
Solidarność comes from the shipworkers’ protest
in Gdansk .
Solidarność rises as an illegal Trade Union against
the Communist regime.
It was deeply influenced by Social Catholic values
Its main aims were :
• Free assembly
• Free speech
• Right to strike
Solidarność was supported by Western Countries
– mainly the USA - through secret channels,
such as the Polish Church and the Vatican.
Pope John Paul II had a leading role in
supporting its spreading
Due to the success of Solidarnosc the regime
imposed „the martial law” in December 1981,
dissolved this Organization and arrested all its
leaders.
In the 80s because of the heavy economical crisis
the regime collapsed.
In 1989 Poland was the first country in Eastern
Europe to chose freedom and democracy
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Round table stands for the agreement reached between
the authorities and the opposition. Major political and
economic changes took place after the agreement.
Lech Walesa , leader of this movement, was elected as
the first President of the new Poland.