Transcript Presentazione di PowerPoint

Infographics

Overview on





What is important
Traditional graphs
Charts for specific usages
Common misleading factors
Read also the two books
11 Aug 2014
1
Fundamental scopes





What is represented?
Is something misleading?
Is something useless?
Is something missing?
Can other information be added?
11 Aug 2014
2
Variables

Scale or numeric variables


Nominal or categorical variables


country of residence, sex, degree course
Ordinal variables



time, age, weight, distance in Kilometers, length,
number of children, GDP
Likert scale
Using them as nominal or scale variables
Scales

11 Aug 2014
Logarithmic scale
3
One nominal variable

Column plot
11 Aug 2014
4
One nominal variable

Pie chart

Radar graph
Mon
450
400
350
Sun
Tue
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Sat
Wed
Fri
11 Aug 2014
Thu
5
One nominal variable

Bar plot

Line plot
1.4%
EPO
1.2%
1.0%
0.8%
US
0.6%
0.4%
JP
0.2%
0.0%
0
1
11 Aug 2014
2
3
4
5
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
6
One nominal variable

Area plot

3D variants
1.4%
1.2%
1.0%
0.8%
0.6%
0.4%
0.2%
0.0%
Apr
May
11 Aug 2014
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
7
One scale variable

Building an histogram
grouping into bins

12
8
4
0
$1,000
$2,000
11 Aug 2014
$3,000
$4,000
$5,000
8
One scale variable
Choosing the bins carefully

8
30
6
20
4
10
2
0
$1,000
$2,000
$3,000
$4,000
$5,000
$1,000
11 Aug 2014
$2,000
$3,000
$4,000
$5,000
9
One scale variable

Boxplot




11 Aug 2014
Median in black line
Central 50% is in the
rectangle
Central 90% is between
whiskers
Extremes are symbols
10
One scale variable case by case

Use any appropriate nominal variable
graph
11 Aug 2014
11
Nominal versus nominal

Side by side

Stacked
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Enterntainment
Games
Lifestyle
iPhone
11 Aug 2014
News
Social
networking
Android
12
Nominal versus nominal

Appropriate 3D variants
20
15
10
5
0
Android
iPhone
11 Aug 2014
13
Nominal versus nominal

a rare example of a useful stacked area chart
11 Aug 2014
14
Nominal versus scale

Boxplot side by side
11 Aug 2014

Histogram one
above the other
15
Scale versus scale

Scatterplot
11 Aug 2014
16
Scale versus scale

Mathematical graph
11 Aug 2014

Regression line
17
Three scale variables

Surface plot
11 Aug 2014
18
Three scale variables

Bubble chart

11 Aug 2014
www.gapminder.org
19
Bubble chart with Google Developers

https://developers.google.com/chart/interactive/docs/gallery/bubblechart

create HTML file which displays graph in browser
insert data manually with Notepad
modify options manually with Notepad
see book for detailed list of instructions

is asked at exam in the open-books practical part




11 Aug 2014
… also graph creating with Excel is asked (see mandatory exercises)
20
Data map: scale variable
11 Aug 2014
21
Data map: flow directions
11 Aug 2014
22
Statsilk software

www.statsilk.com
11 Aug 2014
23
Time series

Financial chart
11 Aug 2014
24
Time series
11 Aug 2014
25
Time series

Gantt chart
11 Aug 2014
26
Time series
11 Aug 2014
27
Narrative graph
11 Aug 2014
28
Narrative graph
11 Aug 2014
29
Misleading factors

Distractible elements
11 Aug 2014
30
Misleading factors

Elements in the wrong place
11 Aug 2014
31
Misleading factors

Wrong proportions
11 Aug 2014
32
Misleading factors

Right proportions
11 Aug 2014
33
Misleading factors

Different units of measure
11 Aug 2014
34
Misleading factors

Not starting from zero
11 Aug 2014
35
Misleading factors

Two and three dimensional growth
11 Aug 2014
36
Misleading factors

Two and three dimensional growth
11 Aug 2014
37
Misleading factors
?
11 Aug 2014
38