Transcript Regional Monitoring & Evaluation Workshop

ADDRESSING TRAFFICKING IN HUMAN BEINGS:
GOVERNMENT’S RESPONSES IN THE EU AND NGO
STRATEGIES OUTSIDE THE EU
“Exploring the issue of ‘children on the move’ ”
Pierre Cazenave
BRUSSELS
Wednesday, October 20th 2010
Addressing Trafficking in Human Beings: Government’s responses
in the EU and NGO strategies outside the EU
TDHIF -
Oct 20th 2010
Brussels
Who are “children on the move” ?
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A notion covering a wide variety of situations
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The office of the UNHCHR talks about “children
in the context of migration” which includes both
children left behind and children on the move
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Absence of an internationally agreed definition
Addressing Trafficking in Human Beings: Government’s responses
in the EU and NGO strategies outside the EU
TDHIF -
Oct 20th 2010
Brussels
Different realities
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Legal Migrant Children
Illegal Migrant Children
Asylum seeking children
Refugee children
Stateless children
Children victims of trafficking
Smuggled children
Separated children
Unaccompanied children
Children of migrant families
Etc.
Addressing Trafficking in Human Beings: Government’s responses
in the EU and NGO strategies outside the EU
TDHIF -
Oct 20th 2010
Brussels
Different forms of migration
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Different kind:
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Traditional
Forced
Voluntary
Cultural
Pushed (based on environment of origin factors)
Different stages:
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Pre-mobility
Mobility
Post mobility
Children left behind
Cyclical
Addressing Trafficking in Human Beings: Government’s responses
in the EU and NGO strategies outside the EU
TDHIF -
Oct 20th 2010
Brussels
Child trafficking and “children on the move”
approaches
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A holistic approach does not impede a differential
individual case management
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Methods focusing on the protection of children on the
move do help protect children from trafficking.
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Transnational coordination and collaboration
mechanisms are crucial for both protecting children on
the move and prevent child trafficking
Addressing Trafficking in Human Beings: Government’s responses
in the EU and NGO strategies outside the EU
TDHIF -
Oct 20th 2010
Brussels
Gaps in today’s approach
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The institutional response to the needs of children on the move is
not adequate and does not reach children
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Migration has only been studied through its negative angle.
However, migration can bring benefits to children
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Lack of empirical evidence
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Tendency to categorize children (focus on child trafficking might
have diverted both attention and policy response from children in the
context of migration in general)
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Lack of collaboration at regional and transnational level
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Top down approach: no or little child participation; difficulty to
conciliate local norms with national laws and international standards.
Addressing Trafficking in Human Beings: Government’s responses
in the EU and NGO strategies outside the EU
TDHIF -
Oct 20th 2010
Brussels
What do “children on the move” want
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Children want:
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access to basic services: “often they find obstacles
along their path to find food, accommodation,
hygiene, health services
to feel safe
a legal existence (Status, I.D.)
education
support
information
to be protected from different kind of abuse
their voice to be heard!
Addressing Trafficking in Human Beings: Government’s responses
in the EU and NGO strategies outside the EU
TDHIF -
Oct 20th 2010
Brussels
Recommendations
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Overall goal: To create child protection systems able to accompany
children along their migratory path, aiming at their intellectual and
physical development
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Participation of children to their own protection is a must
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Policies must take advantage of children mobility more than
consider it as a negative process (return issue)
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Children must be considered as agents and not as passive
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Resilience of children must be increased (for instance through life
skills programs or awareness raising activities in regions of origin)
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A global rethinking of the protection of children in a context of
migration has to be undertaken
Addressing Trafficking in Human Beings: Government’s responses
in the EU and NGO strategies outside the EU
TDHIF -
Oct 20th 2010
Brussels
Recommendations
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Empirical evidence and information must be collected prior to the
design of protection policies
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A paradigm shift is needed towards a systemic approach
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Child protection systems should be able to offer protection at every
stage of the child’s mobility
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Traditional and/or non formal community-based structures, and local
networks, should be included in both the design and implementation
of projects aiming at protecting children on the move
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An ambitious and adequate development policy must be coupled
with policies developed to protect children on the move
Addressing Trafficking in Human Beings: Government’s responses
in the EU and NGO strategies outside the EU
TDHIF -
Oct 20th 2010
Brussels
Voices of children
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Representative of the African movement of children and
young workers:
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“You do not have to always consider children as victims. […] the
reality is that children fear you […]. You ignore the existence of
many things, as you did not live them. I have the impression that
you want to put children into boxes. Everyone of us is different,
has a different story, went through a specific experience, and
only this person knows how to change this part of his/her life.
You are not masters of the field. You can however observe this
field and bring new ideas so as to make it more balanced. We
need you as an elder brother who knows how to listen and who
puts children at ease. Children need no money, no state, but a
family, solidarity, encouragement and self-confidence”.
Addressing Trafficking in Human Beings: Government’s responses
in the EU and NGO strategies outside the EU
TDHIF -
Oct 20th 2010
Brussels
More info on:
tdh-childprotection.org
terredeshommes.org
www.marioproject.org
Thank you!
Addressing Trafficking in Human Beings: Government’s responses
in the EU and NGO strategies outside the EU
TDHIF -
Oct 20th 2010
Brussels