Transcript Diapositiva 1 - UNIVERSIDAD DE JAEN

An interview is a conversation between two
or more people (the interviewer and the
interviewee) where questions are asked by
the interviewer to obtain information from
the interviewee. Interviews can be divided
into two rough types, interviews of
assessment and interviews for information.
INTERVIEWS
 We watch, read and listen to interviews every day. For the advertising
industry and market research institutes, interviews are a necessity.
 The success of an interview depends both on the skill of the interviewer,
on her ability to ask the right kinds of questions, to insist and interpret, and
on the willingness to talk on the part of the person being interviewed.
In
the
foreign
language
classroom
interviews
are
useful
not only because they force students to listen carefully but also because
they are so versatile in their subject matter.
 As soon as beginner know the first structures for questions, interviewing
can begin. If everyone interviews his neighbours all students are practising
the foreign language at the same time.
 The teacher can choose the topic he/she wishes.
Before he/she uses an interview in the class, he/she has to be sure that the
students can use the necessary questions and answers structures. A few
sample sentences on the board may be a help for the less able.
Students should make some notes on the questions they are going to ask
and the answers they get.
GUESSING GAMES
The popularity of guessing games can be explained by their structure.
Both chance and skill (in the asking questions) play a part in finding the
solution.
The outcome of the game tends to be uncertain until the last moment, and
so it is full of suspense.
In these games one person knows something that another one wants to
find out.
Guessing games are true communicative situations and as such are very
important for foreign language learning.
They are usually liked by students of all ages because they combine
language practice with fun and excitement.
Before the teacher tries out a new guessing game with the class, she/he
has to be sure that the players know all the words and structures necessary
for the game.
Another consideration is the organization of the game, in order to
guarantee that as many students as possible are actively participating most
of the time.
WHAT IS A RIDDLE ?
It can be defined as a puzzling question, statement or
description, especially one intended to test the cleverness of
those wishing to solve it.
Although each riddle contains all of the information required for
solution, the information is typically presented in such a way as to
mislead. As a result, solving a riddle may require looking at things
in a different light. So it is necessary to understand a play on words
or a metaphoric relationship.
In any case, thought, with an emphasis on creativity, is typically
required. Although the ability to access information (i.e. recall
facts) is needed to properly understand a riddle, the thought
process and its development are imperative to its solution.
There are many different types of riddles and numerous ways
of categorizing them.
 True riddles are riddles in which something is described accurately, yet in
an obscure way, as to deceive. As previously indicated, all the facts required
to solve the riddle are presented, but not necessarily in an obvious way. Two
of the best true riddles are the following:
As long as I eat, I live,
But when I drink, I die.
White as snow and snow it isn't,
Green as grass and grass it isn't,
Red as blood and blood it isn't,
Black as tar and tar it isn't.
FIRE
BLACKBERRY
 Rhyming riddles make use of a catchy, often rhythmic, rhyme to deceptively
describe something that is commonly known. The following is a sample of
rhyming riddle:
I come out of the blue
to say “hello” back to you!
SKY
Associative riddles come in many forms, but typically make use of words that
either have multiple meanings (e.g. wind) or homonyms, words that sound the
same (e.g. bear and bare). Here is a good example that also makes use of
rhyme.
A tree in the sand
or part of your hand
Metaphoric Riddles make use of metaphors. A metaphor is a figure of speech
in which a literal phrase is used as an analogy. These riddles have been used
throughout history across cultures to both illustrate ideas and pose problems.
In both cases, a keen sense of intellect is required to understand the true
meaning of what was presented. Probably the most famous metaphoric riddle
is the riddle of the Sphinx:
What has one voice,
Goes on four legs in the morning
Two in the afternoon and
Three in the evening
MAN
PALM
Joke Riddles are typically short, fast and humorous (at least to
children). There are numerous books containing only joke
riddles. Unfortunately, they are often difficult to solve, yet
require very little problem solving ability. An example of joke
riddle is the following
Why did the chicken cross the road?
To get the other side
WHAT IS A DISCUSSION ?
Discussion means talking about something with other people in
order to reach some kind of decision.
We can sort our discussions into different types, even if
the distinctions seem slightly arbitrary. We can say,
generally, that discussions are either task-oriented or
group-oriented.
In task-oriented discussions, the group is faced with a
problem to be solved, a task to be achieved, an issue to
be faced or a subject to be learned.
It can be directive or non-directive.
In a directive discussion, the leader takes a very strong role in
moving the group toward a goal, overcoming obstacles and
disagreements, keeping to a schedule, coming to a "right
conclusion."
In a non-directive discussion, he or she facilitates a group to
approach the issue more independently and arrive at its own
conclusions.
In a group-oriented discussion, the group is largely concerned with
itself and its own dynamic, in contrast to the discussion of a specific
theme.
 Discussion games can be based on serious questions as well as
for playing with ideas and language, but the main intention of the
exercises related to discussion is to get the students to talk and to
stimulate their interest and imagination.
They make students think about their values and priorities, others
help them to learn something about themselves and also play with
words. Nearly all of them play demand that everyone will get a turn.
 Discussion activities have a common feature: students have to
give reasons for their views.
 Teachers can use them to improve the atmosphere in the class
and to help the students to cooperate better with each other.
 Many of the discussion games may lead to oral or written followup activities.
Discussion activities can be carried out through ranking exercises
in which students have to put a certain number of items from a given
list into an order of importance or preference. This rearranging
phase is usually followed by a period of discussion, when students
explain or defend their choices in pairs or small groups.
The underlying situations, problems, or questions are taken from
widely different contexts. Although personal values and
prejudices play a relatively minor part, common sense and
general knowledge of the world are of greater importance.
Ranking exercises practise interactive language, for instance
agreeing, comparing, contradicting, disagreeing and giving
reasons.
It is recommended that a time limit should be fixed for the first
step.
JOKES
A joke is a short story or ironic depiction of a situation
communicated with the intent of being humorous. Jokes
are typically for the entertainment of friends and
onlookers. The desired response is generally laughter;
when this does not happen the joke is said to have "fallen
flat".
The rules of jokes are mainly precision, synthesis and
rhythm.
TYPES OF JOKES
Jokes are classified according to the different subjects
they deal with.
Here we are going to speak about five different categories
of jokes: political jokes, mathematical jokes, ethnic jokes,
religious jokes and dirty jokes.
Political jokes are a sort of satire. They generally concern
politicians and heads of state, but may also cover the
absurdities of a country’s political situation.
A little boy goes to his dad and asks, "What is politics?"
Dad says, "Well son, let me try to explain it this way: I'm the
breadwinner of the family, so let's call me capitalism. Your Mom, she's
the administrator of the money, so we'll call her the Government. We're
here to take care of your needs, so we'll call you the people. The nanny,
we'll consider her the Working Class. And your baby brother, we'll call
him the Future. Now, think about that and see if that makes sense."
So the little boy goes off to bed thinking about what dad had said.
Later that night, he hears his baby brother crying, so he gets up to check
on him. He finds that the baby has severely soiled his diaper.
So the little boy goes to his parents' room and finds his mother
sound asleep. Not wanting to wake her, he goes to the
nanny's room. Finding the door locked, he peeks in the
keyhole and sees his father in bed with the nanny. He gives
up and goes back to bed. The next morning, the little boy says
to his father, "Dad, I think I understand the concept of politics
now.“
The father says, "Good son, tell me in your own words what
you think politics is all about."
The little boy replies, "Well, while Capitalism is screwing the
Working Class, the Government is sound asleep, the People
are being ignored and the Future is in deep poor."
Mathematical jokes are a form of in-joke, generally designed
to be understood only by insiders.
A Mathematician, a Biologist and a Physicist are sitting in a street cafe
watching people going in and coming out of the house on the other side of
the street. First they see two people going into the house. Time passes.
After a while they notice three persons coming out of the house. The
Physicist: "The measurement wasn't accurate". The Biologists conclusion:
"They have reproduced". The Mathematician: "If now, exactly 1 person
enters the house then it will be empty again."
Q: What does the zero say to the eight?
A: Nice belt!
George W. Bush visits Algeria. As part of his program, he delivers a speech
to the Algerian people: "You know, I regret that I have to give this speech in
English. I would very much prefer to talk to you in your own language. But
unfortunately, I was never good at algebra..."
Ethnic jokes exploit ethnic stereotypes. They are often racist
and frequently considered offensive.
Why is Steve Wonder always smiling? Because he doesn't know he's
black.
 Why doesn't Poland have a hockey team? They all drown during spring
training .
 Why don’t Mexicans have Olympic teams? Because the ones who can
run, jump, or swim are already here.
Why do Italians grow moustaches? So they can look like their
grandmothers.
Religious jokes are based on stereotypes associated with
people of religion, letters and addresses to God.
CHRISTMAS TREE
Not long ago and far away, Santa was getting ready for his annual trip... but
there were problems everywhere.
Four of his elves were sick, and the trainee elves did not produce the toys as
fast as the regular ones so Santa was beginning to feel the pressure of being
behind schedule.
Then Mrs. Claus told Santa that her mom was coming to visit. This stressed
Santa even more.
When he went to harness the reindeer, he found that three of them were about to
give birth and two had jumped the fence and were out, heaven knows where.
More Stress. Then when he began to load the sleigh, one of the boards cracked
and the toy bag fell to the ground and scattered the toys.
So, frustrated, Santa went into the house for a cup of coffee and a shot of
whiskey. When he went to the cupboard, he found the elves had hidden the
liquor and there was nothing to drink.
In his frustration, he dropped the coffee pot and it broke into hundreds of little
pieces all over the he kitchen floor.
He went to get the broom and found that mice had eaten the straw it was made
from.
Just then the doorbell rang and Santa cussed on his way to the door. He opened
the door and there was a little angel with a great big Christmas tree.
The angel said: "Where would you like to put this tree Santa?"
And that my friends, is how the little angel came to be on top of the Christmas
tree.
Confession.
A woman takes a lover home during the day, while her husband is at work.
Unbeknownst to her, her 9 year old son was hiding in the closet.
Her husband comes home unexpectedly, so she puts the lover in the closet with the
little boy.
The little boy says, "Dark in here."
The man says, "Yes it is."
Boy- "I have a baseball."
Man- "That's nice."
Boy- "Want to buy it?"
Man- "No, thanks."
Boy- "My dad's outside."
Man- "OK, how much?"
Boy- "$250."
In the next few weeks, it happens again that the boy and the mom's lover are in the
closet together.
Boy- "Dark in here."
Man- "Yes, it is."
Boy- "I have a baseball glove."
The lover, remembering the last time, asks the boy, "How much?"
Boy- "$750."
Man- "Fine."
A few days later, the father says to the boy, "Grab your glove. Let's go outside and
toss the baseball back and forth."
The boy says, "I can't. I sold them."
The father asks, "How much did you sell them for?"
The son says "$1,000."
The father says, "That's terrible to overcharge your friends like that.
That is way more than those two things cost. I'm going to take you to church and
make you confess."
They go to church and the father makes the little boy sit in the confession booth and
he closes the door.
The boy says, "Dark in here."
The priest says, "Don't start that sh*t again."
Dirty jokes are based on taboo, often sexual, content or
vocabulary.
THANKS FOR
YOUR
ASSISTANCE!!!!!
Rocío Anguita Mena
Mª Dolores Barragán Sánchez
Mª Ángeles Castillo Sánchez