Transcript AusNOG-02





Australian Network Operators Group
Community for network operators who work
with ISPs, content providers or other areas of
the on-line industries in Australia
Platform for exchange of ideas, experiences,
technical information and network with expert
from the industry
Inaugural meeting was organized by
volunteers in response to overwhelming
demand




Two day conference 21-22nd August 2008
Held at Sydney Convention and Exhibition
Center, Darling Harbor.
Wi-Fi connectivity available with IPv6
Total speakers: 20





IPv6: Failure is an option
Emerging Access Technologies
Building remote PoPs
4 Byte ASN: The transit provider perspective
Internet Traffic and Attack Trends

We’re running short of IPv4 pools


5th Feb. 2008, entire IPv4 pool will be exhausted
To adopt IPv6, we’re too late!!
Devices upgrades now
 ISPs need to pay for the upgrade, because the
customers wont!!



It will create panic
We’re not sure how successful it will be


There are 2.5 billion entries in the routing tables
but less than 10% are found in packets
Use existing IPv4 infrastructure

Use NAT intensely
 NAT increases address space by 16bits
 Use NAT at a carrier level
 Each NAT address can serve (on average) almost 200
addresses



Relinquish unused address space
Current growth of internet can be served by using
only 4 pools of /8s
What if have pushed NAT too far??

Use application level gateways (Proxies)


Get rid of ATM by EFM (Ethernet on First
Mile)
No Single Technology to address a specific
need




Population density
Terrain
Geographic region
VDSL2 deployment cases

Shorten Copper loop
 @ 0.75Km – 400Mbps/8Mbps
 @ 1Km – 25Mbps/5Mbps

QoS parameters are changing

Teleworking
Online Gaming
2xVoIP
2x HDTV
8-10Mbps using MPEG-4
2xSDTV
(4Mbps using MPEG-2 / 2-3Mbps
using MPEG-4)
 Internet





Point to Point Ethernet



Single Ethernet port for every single customer
Power budget is critical
1 Port = 1 Customer

Passive Optical Network (PON)

BPON: 622Mbps/155Mbps
 1 Port = 32 Customers
EPON: 1.25Gbps/1.25Gbps
 GPON: 2.48Gbps/1.25Gbps

 1 Port = 64 Customers

Femtocell



In home 3G home base station
Uplink provided by conventional broadband
Better in building coverage and less tariff


Why??
 Buy a cheap transit
 Increase customer base
How??
 Where transits are cheap
 US West Coast
 Japan etc.

Choosing a facility
 Where there are no. of transit service providers
 Local loop is available
 Change providers easily
24x7 remote hands
Requirements for the facility
 Space for racks
 Friendly remote hands
 Power requirements


 Redundant
 110/220 AC/DC
 HVAC

Costs





Equipment
Cable from the landing station to PoP
Protection and alarm systems
Racks
Equipment choices
High reliability is a must
 Dual power option
 Redundancy
 Readily available and spares


Security


First statistical analysis on internet traffic in history (from 67 ISPs)
Key statistics






TCP is the dominant protocol and then UDP
Popular ports in use



Most Popular: TCP Port 80 (web)
2nd Popular: TCP Port 4662 (edonkey)
Youtube contributes 10% of the internet traffic


1,270 BGP routers
141,629 interfaces
More than 1.8Tbps of inter-domain traffic
Data was validated using SNMP counters
Tiger effect: Traffic increased by 65% of the peak value for 4 hrs
IPv6



Total IPv6 traffic: 0.0026%
ASNs with IPv6 BGP announcements: 0.3%
IPv6 enabled hosts: 0.4%