Transcript Building Frame

Workshop 4
Beam Modeling
Building Frame
4. Beam Modeling
Building Frame
Workshop Supplement
• Given: A database file containing the geometry with
material properties defined.
INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2
• Determine the deflections and stresses in a building frame
due to gravity and a "snow load" of 0.25 psi.
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4. Beam Modeling
Building Frame
Workshop Supplement
Enter ANSYS in the working directory specified by your instructor using “bldg” as the
jobname.
2.
Resume the “bldg-geom.db1” database file, then plot lines to see the complete
geometry.
INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2
1.
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4. Beam Modeling
Building Frame
Define three I-beam sections and one box-beam section, then save the database.
–
Main Menu > Preprocessor > Sections > -Beam- Common Sectns ..
• ID = 1, Name = column, Sub-Type = I
•
W1 = 12, W2 = 12, W3 = 12.12, t1 = 0.605, t2 = 0.605, t3 = 0.39
•
•
[Apply]
ID = 2, Name = girder, Sub-Type = I
•
W1 = 10.425, W2 = 10.425, W3 = 16.97, t1 = 0.985, t2 = 0.985, t3 = 0.585
•
•
[Apply]
ID = 3, Name = beam, Sub-Type = I
•
W1 = 6.535, W2 = 6.535, W3 = 8.06, t1 = 0.465, t2 = 0.465, t3 = 0.285
•
•
[Apply]
ID = 4, Name = peak, Sub-Type = • (hollow rectangle)
•
W1 = 6, W2 = 6, t1 = 0.25, t2 = 0.25, t3 = 0.25, t4 = 0.25
•
[OK]
•
Toolbar > SAVE_DB
INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2
3.
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4. Beam Modeling
Building Frame
(cont'd)
–
Or issue:
• /PREP7
• SECTYPE,1,BEAM,I,COLUMN
• SECDATA,12,12,12.12,.605,.605,.39
• SECTYPE,2,BEAM,I,GIRDER
• SECDATA,10.425,10.425,16.97,.985,.985,.585
• SECTYPE,3,BEAM,I,BEAM
• SECDATA,6.535,6.535,8.06,.465,.465,.285
• SECTYPE,4,BEAM,HREC,PEAK
• SECDATA,6,6,.25,.25,.25,.25,0,0,0,0
• SAVE
INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2
3.
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4. Beam Modeling
Building Frame
Mesh the vertical lines with "column" beams.
–
Utility Menu > WorkPlane > Change Active CS to > Global Cartesian
–
Utility Menu > Select > Entities...
–
•
Choose Lines, By Location, Z Coordinates; Min, Max = 0, 119
•
From Full, [Apply], [Plot]
Main Menu > Preprocessor > MeshTool …
•
Element Attributes: set to [Lines] and press [Set]
– [Pick All]
– MAT = 1, TYPE = 1, SECT = 1, Pick Orientation keypoints = Yes, [OK]
– Enter 102 in the Input Window for orientation keypoint and press the Enter key, then
[OK]
•
Size Controls: Lines: press [Set]
– [Pick All]
– NDIV = 4, then [OK]
•
Mesh: set to [Lines] and press [Mesh]
– [Pick All]
–
Utility Menu > PlotCtrls > Style > Size and Shape ...
•
/ESHAPE = ON
•
[OK]
INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2
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4. Beam Modeling
Building Frame
(cont'd)
–
Or issue:
• CSYS,0
• LSEL,S,LOC,Z,0,119
• LATT,1,,1,,102,,1
• LESIZE,ALL,,,4
• LMESH,ALL
• /ESHAPE,1
• EPLOT
INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2
4.
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4. Beam Modeling
Building Frame
Mesh the horizontal lines with "girder" beams.
–
–
Select Entities:
•
Choose Lines, By Location, Y Coordinates; Min, Max = 480
•
From Full, [Apply], [Plot]
•
Min, Max = 240
•
Also Select, [Apply], [Replot]
•
Min, Max = 0
•
Also Select, [Apply], [Replot]
•
Z Coordinates; Min, Max = 0,119
•
Unselect, [Apply], [Replot]
MeshTool:
•
Element Attributes: [Lines]: press [Set]
– [Pick All]
– MAT = 1, TYPE = 1, SECT = 2, Pick Orientation keypoints = Yes, [OK]
– Enter 101 for orientation keypoint and press the Enter key, then [OK]
•
Size Controls: Lines: press [Set]
– [Pick All]
– NDIV = 6, then [OK]
•
Press [Mesh]
– [Pick All]
INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2
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4. Beam Modeling
Building Frame
(cont'd)
–
Or issue:
• LSEL,S,LOC,Y,480
• LSEL,A,LOC,Y,240
• LSEL,A,LOC,Y,0
• LSEL,U,LOC,Z,0,119
• LATT,1,,1,,101,,2
• LESIZE,ALL,,,6
• LMESH,ALL
INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2
5.
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4. Beam Modeling
Building Frame
Mesh the sloping lines with "peak" beams.
–
–
Select Entities:
•
Choose Lines, By Location, Z Coordinates; Min, Max = 121, 165
•
From Full, [Apply], [Plot]
MeshTool:
•
Element Attributes: [Lines]: press [Set]
– [Pick All]
– MAT = 1, TYPE = 1, SECT = 4, Pick Orientation keypoints = Yes, [OK]
– Enter 103 for orientation keypoint and press the Enter key, then [OK]
•
Size Controls: Lines: press [Set]
– [Pick All]
– NDIV = 4, then [OK]
•
–
Press [Mesh]
– [Pick All]
Or issue:
• LSEL,S,LOC,Z,121,165
• LATT,1,,1,,103,,4
• LESIZE,ALL,,,4
• LMESH,ALL
INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2
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4. Beam Modeling
Building Frame
Mesh the remaining lines with "beam" beams.
–
–
Select Entities:
•
Choose Lines, By Attributes, Section ID num; Min, Max = 1,4
•
From Full, [Apply], [Invert], [Plot]
MeshTool:
•
Element Attributes: [Lines]: press [Set]
– [Pick All]
– MAT = 1, TYPE = 1, SECT = 3, Pick Orientation keypoints = Yes, [OK]
– Enter 101 for orientation keypoint and press the Enter key, then [OK]
•
Size Controls: Lines: press [Set]
– [Pick All]
– NDIV = 6, then [OK]
•
–
Press [Mesh]
– [Pick All]
Or issue:
• LSEL,S,SEC,,1,4
• LSEL,INVE
• LATT,1,,1,,101,,3
• LESIZE,ALL,,,6
• LMESH,ALL
INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2
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4. Beam Modeling
Building Frame
Mesh the roof areas with shell elements.
–
MeshTool:
•
Element Attributes: set to [Global]: press [Set]
– TYPE = 2, MAT = 1, ESYS = 0, SECNUM = "No Section"
– [OK]
–
•
Mesh: set to [Areas]
•
Shape: set to "Quad" and "Free"
•
Press [Mesh]
– [Pick All]
Or issue:
• TYPE,2
• SECNUM,0
• AMESH,ALL
INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2
8.
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4. Beam Modeling
Building Frame
Coat the roof elements with surface effect elements.
–
–
Select Entities:
•
Choose Elements, By Elem Name, 93
•
From Full, [Apply], [Plot]
•
Choose Nodes, Attached to Elements
•
From Full, [Apply], [Plot]
MeshTool:
•
Element Attributes: set to [Global]: press [Set]
– TYPE = 3, MAT = 1, ESYS = 0, SECNUM = "No Section"
– [OK]
–
Preprocessor > -Modeling- Create > Elements > -Surf / Contact- Surf Effect > -Generl Surface- No extra Node +
–
• [Pick All]
Or issue:
• ESEL,S,ENAME,,93
• NSLE,S
• TYPE,3
• ESURF,ALL
INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2
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4. Beam Modeling
Building Frame
11. Load step 1: Apply gravity loading in the Z-direction.
–
Main Menu > Solution > -Loads- Apply > Gravity …
•
–
ACELZ = 386
• [OK]
Or issue:
• ACEL,,,386
12. Select everything, save the database, and solve load step 1.
INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2
10. Fix the base nodes (the nodes at Z=0) in all directions.
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4. Beam Modeling
Building Frame
–
–
–
–
Select Entities:
•
Choose Elements, By Attributes, Elem type num; Min, Max = 3
•
From Full, [Apply], [Plot]
Main Menu > Solution > -Loads- Apply > Pressure > On Elements +
•
[Pick All]
•
LKEY = 5
•
VALUE = 0.25
•
VAL2, VAL3, VAL4 = 0, 0, -1
•
[OK]
Utility Menu > PlotCtrls > Symbols …
•
/PBC = All Applied BC's
•
/PSF = Pressures
•
Show pres and convect as Arrows
• [OK]
Or issue:
• ESEL,S,TYPE,,3
• SFE,ALL,5,PRES,,0.25,0,0,-1
• /PSF,PRES,,2
• EPLOT
INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2
13. Load step 2: Apply the pressure load on all surface effect elements.
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4. Beam Modeling
Building Frame
Workshop Supplement
15. Enter POST1 (General Postprocessor) and read results for load step 1 (first set).
16. Unselect the shell and surface effect elements (types 2 & 3) and plot the deformed
shape.
INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2
14. Select everything, save the database, and solve load step 2.
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4. Beam Modeling
Building Frame
INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2
17. Read results for load step 2 (next set) and plot the deformed shape. If desired,
animate the deformed shape.
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4. Beam Modeling
Building Frame
Workshop Supplement
19. For clarity, turn off element outlines.
–
–
Utility Menu > PlotCtrls > Style > Edge Options …
•
/GLINE = None
•
/REPLOT = Replot
• [OK]
Or issue:
• /GLINE,,-1
• /REPLOT
INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2
18. Reselect elements with Section ID = 1 (columns) and plot SX stresses (i.e., axial +
bending stresses).
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4. Beam Modeling
Building Frame
INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2
20. Plot SX stresses for the "girder" beams (section ID = 2).
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4. Beam Modeling
Building Frame
INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2
21. Plot SX stresses for the "beam" beams (section ID = 3).
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4. Beam Modeling
Building Frame
23. Finally, exit ANSYS without saving anything.
INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2
22. Plot SX stresses for the "peak" beams (section ID = 4).
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