Transcript Slide 1

Energy Efficiency Improvement
PRESENTED BY:
AHMED MOSHARAFA
AHMED GAMAL
Outline
 What is energy efficiency
 What energy efficiency offers
 Concerns addressing energy efficiency
 Energy efficiency organizations
 IEA/Increasing efficiency
 7 sectors to improve energy efficiency
Outline Cont. (Egypt)
 Economical sector
 Energy triangle of terror
 Increasing energy efficiency at the supply/demand side
(Sectoral)
 Recommendations
What is energy efficiency?
 It is a way of managing and restraining the growth in
energy consumption.
 When a compact florescent lamp(CFL) uses less energy
than an incandescent bulb to produce the same amount of
light, thus the CFL is considered to
be more energy efficient.
What energy efficiency offers?
 It offers cost-effective tool for achieving a sustainable
energy future.
 It improves:
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Need for investment in energy infrastructure
Cut energy bills
Improve health
Increase competitiveness
Improve consumer welfare
Environmental
 Environmental benefits:
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Reduction of greenhouse gases emissions.
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Reduces local air pollution.
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Decreases the reliance on imported fossil fuels.
Energy efficiency concerns
 Lack of consumer demand.
 Lack of qualification.
 Perception of reliability of products.
 Technological sophistication.
Energy Efficiency Organizations
 International Energy Agency
 Chevron
 EuroACE
IEA – International Energy Agency
 The International Energy Agency (IEA) is an autonomous organization
which works to ensure reliable, affordable and clean energy for its 28
member countries and beyond. IEA promotes energy efficiency policy
and technology in:
Cross Sectoral
 Buildings
 Appliances and equipment
 Lighting
 Transport
 Industry
 Utilities
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IEA – Objective
 Providing policy makers and industrial energy efficiency
policy implementers with actionable guidance on how to
develop and improve programs including supporting
measures.
IEA Role
 IEA role is to assist and coordinate countries efforts
through collaboration with other international
organizations.
IEA – Four main areas focus
 Energy security
 Economic development
 Environmental awareness
 Engagement worldwide
IEA – Members
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Australia
Belgium
Canada
Denmark
France
Germany
Italy
Japan
Republic of Korea
The Netherlands
Spain
Switzerland
United Kingdom
United States
IEA – Energy Indicators
 Energy indicators are an important tool for analyzing the
interactions among economic and human activity, energy
use and CO₂ emissions.
Increasing Efficiency
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To help its member countries achieve the benefits of energy
efficiency, the IEA developed a set of 25 energy policy
recommendations for seven priority areas:
Cross Sectoral
 Buildings
 Appliances and equipment
 Lighting
 Transport
 Industry
 Utilities
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Cross Sectoral
1. Strategies and action
plans
2. Energy efficiency
data collection and
indicators.
3. Competitive energy
markets
4. Private investment
5. Monitoring,
enforcement, and
evaluation of policies.
Buildings
6. Mandatory building
energy codes and
minimum energy
performance
7. Aiming for net-zero
energy consumption in
buildings.
8. Improving energy
efficiency in existing
buildings.
9. Building energy labels
or certificates
10. Improve building
components and systems.
Appliance and
Equipment
11. Test standards and
measurement protocols.
12. Market
transformation policies.
13. Mandatory MEPS
and labels
Lighting
14. Phase out of
inefficient lighting
products and systems.
15. Energy efficient
lighting systems.
Transport
16. Mandatory vehicle
fuel efficiency
standards.
17. Measures to
improve vehicle fuel
efficiency.
18. Fuel-efficient nonengine components.
19. Improving vehicle
operational efficiency
through eco-driving.
20. Transport energy
efficiency
Industry
21. Energy management
in industry
22. High efficiency
industrial equipment
and systems.
23. Energy efficiency
services for SME’s
24. Complementary
policies to support
industrial energy
efficiency
Utilities
25.Energy utilities and
end-use energy
efficiency.
Solar Cooling
– An IEA
Project
1. The main objective
of this task is to
assist a strong and
sustainable market
development of
solar cooling
systems.
2. Is focusing on
systems including
any solar thermal
cooling technology
(no power
limitation or solar
collector field area)
which can be used
in heating mode.
Energy Efficiency Improvement
in Egypt
Economical sector
 The energy sector is playing a crucial role in Egypt's
economy
 Satisfying ever increasing national primary energy demand
versus maintaining a certain level of hard currency reserves
Energy Triangle of Terror
 Rapid increase in energy demand
 Resources for energy production are mature
 Huge investments required to increase energy generation
Calculating Oil usage per Kwh
Did you know how much
oil you consume per month
when you switch 100W
lamp 6 hours daily?
 100W lamp
 6 hours Daily
 30 days/12 months
 209.4 gm/Kwh
 /1000000 conversions
So it’s simply:
100*6*30*12*209.4/1000000
Which is equal to:
45.23 k
Energy sold by purpose
8%
4.9%
31.4%
4.1%
42.3%
4.5%
4.8%
Industry
Agriculture
Public utilities
Residential
Commercial & other
Public lights
Governmental entities
Increasing Energy Efficiency at the supply side
 Full use of the reactive power available to generating units
 Improving the dynamic characteristics of the central system
of the generating unit
 Using EMS in the power plant site
 Minimizing losses in the transmission
network (network losses reaches 10.6%)
Lighting
 Lighting represents 25% of the total energy consumption at
national level
 Residential sectors and public lighting are the highest
consuming sectors
Compact Florescent Lamp
What is a CFL?
Nearly ¼ of
the
consumption
is saved by
CFLs
Government role in spreading CFLs
 The government encourages CFLs’ local manufacturers.
 Selling 9 million lamps for half prices through Electrical
Distribution Companies
 Awareness program
 Cooperation with Nongovernmental organizations to
increase awareness
LED lighting technology
 Light Emitting Diodes are the right future of efficient
lighting.
 LED lighting technology and systems :
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Allows for savings of between 50 and 80% on electrical energy costs
Lasts for 50,000 hours, which is 35 times more than incandescent
lamps and 8 times more than energy saving fluorescent lamps (CFL)
Practically maintenance-free,
Recyclable and do not contaminate the environment.
LED-continued
 Additional advantages of LED lamps:
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No flicker
Low temperature operation
Instant on/off
CRI’s 70 to 90
Unbreakable
Silent operation
Low voltage safe
Easy dimming
Small sizes
All colours.
Ballasts
 Ballasts are necessary for fluorescent and HID
lamps. The lamp ballast performs the following
basic tasks:
Regulates the electric current flowing through the lamp to
stabilize the light output,
 Supplies the correct voltage required for proper lamp
operation, and
 Compensates for voltage variations.
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Electronic versus Electromagnetic Ballasts
 Ballasts consume in the range of 15 to 20% of the
lamp wattage
Electromagnetic
Ballast
Electronic
Ballast
36.0 W
36.0 W
36.0 W
7.5 W
43.0 W
Total Power Consumption
Percent Energy Savings: (43 – 35.9)/43 = 17%
32.4W
3.5 W
35.9 W
Lamp Wattage:
Lamp Operating Power
Ballast Power
CFLs, LEDs and electronic ballasts have been targeted
to reduce the share of lighting in total energy
consumption
• Simple technology, does not need special preparation.
• Short payback period.
• Direct and high impact on energy saving and CO2
reduction.
Energy
Standards &
Labels
Program
Refrigerators
Air
conditioners
Washing machines
Efficient lighting
equipment
Electric water
heaters
Street Lighting
 Energy consumption reached 6186 GWH
 Costs 2.8 billion pounds/year
What do you think we can do to increase the energy
efficiency of street lighting?
This could be done simply by:
 Replacing sodium and mercury lamps by CFLs depending
on the types of streets and in accordance with international
standards
Street Lighting Initiatives
The estimated number of different types of
used lamps is:
Type/Wattage
No of
Lamps(Million)
 400watt sodium
0.8
 250 watt sodium
2.25
 200 watt incandescent
0.78
 150 watt incandescent
0.369
 100 watt incandescent
0.863
Governmental role towards increasing efficiency
of street lighting
 260 million EGP were allocated by the Ministry of Finance
to replace the conventional street lamps with efficient and
lower wattage lamps over 2 years
 The target was to install ¼ of the total lamps in Egypt’s
streets
 About 250 thousand lamps were installed to date.
 The first phase is implemented in great Cairo
Governorate with a cost of 20 million EGP.
26th
July road
experience
Before
After
Governmental Buildings
 The Government administrative buildings consumes over
5.7% of the total national consumption
 Rigid governmental purchasing procurement guidelines
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Energy Efficiency program (mainly efficient lighting and
power
factor
correction)
governmental buildings
is
applied
in
a
few
of
Getting Over the Governmental
Buildings Barrier
 The new approach is to allow competitively selected private
sector contractors and energy efficiency service providers
to implement energy efficiency projects in governmental
buildings.
 In addition to any resolution taken, training information
sessions should be organized to government procurement
professionals to change their long accustomed way of
procurement procedures.
Touristic sector: Seven steps approach
 Asses energy demand
 Integrate efficiency overall facility and equipment design
 Motivate Staff, guests and visitors to conserve energy
 Account for future changes in energy needs
 Evaluate on-site energy supply options
 Obtain financing, permits and equipment
 Monitor, operate and maintain the system
Energy Efficiency Building Code
 Ministerial decrees issued by the Ministry of Housing Utilities &
Urban communities has been issued for enforcement of E.E. code
for residential, commercial and governmental buildings
 Developed building codes has been incorporated in the Unified
Building Law.
 Legislation is needed to ensure enforcement mechanisms for
adoption of energy efficiency building codes
Recommendations for government
 The national policy should include Energy Efficiency on the
demand and supply side of the power system.
 The energy efficiency should be applied in all governmental
building as well as street lighting.
 The new buildings should comply with E.E. code in
different sector.
 Awareness of the end user is very important item in the
progress of E.E. concept.
Recommendations for end user
 Avoid using washing machines, Irons, electric water heaters
..etc at peak time (7:10PM)
 Turn (one lamp) off at peak time
 Using Dimmers
 Divide your lighting loads to more
than one button
Recommendation For End User-continued
 Turn (one lamp) off at peak time
 Install timers or timer switches in little-used areas.
 Use photocells to control exterior lighting.
 Clean lamps and luminaries regularly to maintain light
levels, or even to permit use of lower-output lamps.
 Use High-Efficiency Lighting Equipment