Transcript West Park Rehab and Riverview IU6 Presents…

Riverview IU6
Presents…
Back Safety and Lifting Strategies in
the School Setting.
IU6 PT/OT Deptartment Fall 2011
Staff Introductions…
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Jill Shull, DPT –PT
Mariam Bankovich, PT
Jennifer Hindman, DPT
Kathy Walton, MS OTR/L
Lisa Ryver, OTR/L
Julie Hovis, MS OTR/L
KeLeigh Rice, COTA/L
Lacretia D. Lachnicht, OTR/L
Toni Riskus, COTA/L
In-Service Objectives
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Discuss work-related injuries and symptoms
Educate participants on normal spine alignment,
posture, and back safety
Educate participants on rules for lifting.
Work-Related Injuries
2009 Pennsylvania Department of Labor and
Industry Injury Statistics
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Total recordable nonfatal injuries and illness for
private illnesses was 3,277,700.
Cases involving missed days of work was
965,000.
Sprain and strain injuries cases totaled 379,340.
Cases involving injuries to the back was 195,150.
Cases involving falls was 212,760.
Common Work-Related
Musculoskeletal Injuries
Musculoskeletal injuries involve the nerves,
tendons, muscles and supporting structures
(i.e. intervertebral discs)
 Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
 Tenosynovitis,
 Neck Tension Syndrome
 Low Back Pain
Common Symptoms Of WorkRelated Musculoskeletal Disorders
Pain
Numbness
Tingling
Muscle weakness
Difficulty moving/walking
Difficulty performing
ADLs.
Reduced worker
productivity
Lost time from work
Temporary or permanent
disability
Inability to perform job
tasks
Increase in workers
compensation costs
SAVE YOUR BACK!!!
Anatomy of the Spine
Anatomy of the Spine…
 7 Cervical Vertebrae
 12 Thoracic Vertebrae
 5 Lumbar Vertebrae
 5 Fused Vertebrae
 Disks- between vertebrae acting as
shock absorbers
 Curves of spine should be maintained
for correct posture, body mechanics
and safe lifting
Radiograph of Normal Cervical
Spine
Radiograph of Cervical Spine with
Pathology
Radiograph of Normal Thoracic
Spine
Radiograph of Normal Lumbar
Spine
Back Safety Tips
Identifying Poor Posture and Risks
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Prolonged sitting is the
enemy (>20 min without
position change is harmful)
Avoid slouched posture or
rounded back and forward
head
Frequent or repetitive
stretching at end Range of
Motion
Heavy loads offer greater
risks
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Repetitive, forceful, or
prolonged exertions, or
frequent heavy lifting,
pushing, pulling or
carrying of heavy objects
Prolonged awkward
postures
Avoid bending at the
waist or neck
Avoid repetitive twisting
Sitting Tips
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NO SLOUCHING!!!
Sit upright with
shoulders and hip in
alignment
Hips, knees, and ankles
at a 90 degree ankle
Feet flat on the floor
Arm rest with 90 degrees
at elbows
Computer Position
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Keyboard- 25-26 inches above floor = elbow height.
Monitor height- 23-33 inches above floor = top of
print level with level of eyes.
Monitor- tilt to decrease glare and do not place near
window.
Frequently used items should be within 14 inches from
front of desk.
Decrease Strain On Body
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The following may be needed in order to ensure
proper body alignmentFoot rest
 Wrist rest
 Swivel chair
 Document holder
 Proper Lighting (overhead and task oriented)
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Prevent Upper Body Fatigue
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Keep upper arms straight up and down in line
with your body.
Maintain elbows at 90 degrees.
Keep wrist in neutral- wrist should be straight
when fingers are on home row of keyboard.
Utilize wrist rests or arm rests.
Standing Tips
Standing Tips
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Stand upright to ensure that a vertical line goes
from the ear, to shoulder, hip and ankle (this
position puts less stress on neck and back
muscles)
Have work surface at elbow height
Take breaks in between tasks and change
positions!!!!!!
Put frequently used items with in reach
Use a raised foot for one leg at a time
Standing Workstation
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Utilize a rubberized cushion or anti-fatigue mat.
Utilize a foot rest or stool to assist in changing
position.
Do not twist!...take an extra step.
Lifting Tips……
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Lift using your legs and
keep your back in a
vertical position
Keep objects close to
your body
Do not bend at the back
or neck
Wide Base of Support
Move your feet…do not
twist.
GET HELP WHEN YOUR NEED
IT!
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Always have a
second person to
assist you with any
lift over 50 lbs
Push, Don’t Pull Objects…
Adaptive Equipment in
the School Setting
Equipment
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Power and Manual
Wheelchairs
Hi/Lo Tables
Walking Aides (Walker,
Crutches, Cane)
Mechanical Lifts
Adaptive Chairs
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Slant Boards for Writing,
etc.
Adaptive Writing
Utensils
Adaptive Scissors
Adaptive Feeding
Equipment
Wheelchair Safety
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Always lock wheelchair brakes before placing a
student in or removing him/her from a
wheelchair.
Place students in a wheelchair with his/her
bottom as far back in the seat as possible to
encourage upright posture.
fasten hip or seat belts
Wheelchair Safety (Cont.)
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Check feet to make sure they are in the foot
rests before fastening straps.
Always discuss the destination if you are
escorting or pushing a student using a
wheelchair. Do this regardless of the students
level of assistance.
Always lock the brakes if you are coming to a
stop, even if it’s for a few seconds.
Wheelchair Safety (Cont.)
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When outdoors turn the chair around and go
backwards down short inclines and over curbs.
Watch for cracks in sidewalks so front wheels do
not fall into and cause the chair to tip.
Hoyer Lift
Indications for Using a Hoyer Lift
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Must be trained in proper use of equipment- all lifts are
different
If a student is dependent, assistance of 2 people is
necessary to perform the transfer using a Hoyer lift
Indicated for students who are unable to walk or bear
weight through their legs without support
Used to move students on/off of mats, chairs,
wheelchairs and toilets
YOU SHOULD BE TRAINED BY A PT OR OT IN
THE SCHOOL SETTING BEFORE
ATTEMPTING ANY TYPE OF TRANSFER
Transfer Tips for Moving Students
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Contact the PT/OT
staff assigned to your
district for child
specific training
Prepare the area for
transfers-be as close as
possible
Educate the student on
what is about to occur
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Never grab a student by
the arm to assist them
Be sure the wheelchair is
prepared (i.e. brakes
locked, leg rests out of
the way, and seat belt
unbuckled)
ALWAYS USE A GAIT
BELT WHEN
LIFTING
Safety Tips
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Always have a clear path
Make sure you can see
Assess the size of the load
Do not hold your breath
Allow time between lifting activities
Push not pull
Face your work
Take a movement break
If A Student Falls…
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Do Not Move The Student!
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First assess for injury and level of pain.
If a fall occurred notify the nurse for an assessment
and documentation.
Maintain the position of fall but make them
comfortable and safe until the nurse completes the
assessment.
Complete IU6 incident report form and notify your
supervisor.
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Prevention
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Proper posture and alignment
Good body mechanics
Good physical health and exercise
Rest
Preventative Exercises
Preventative Exercises
QUESTIONS?????
Quiz Time!!!
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Name a work injury__________________________
Which is not a risk factor for a back injury?
 Poor posture
Poor body mechanics
 Stressful living
Decline in physical fitness
 Work Habits
Type of shoes worn
Rest is a prevention for injury?
T or F
Keep the curve in your’ lower back? T or F
Weight close to body weighs more? T or F
Push don’t pull?
T or F
Name a safety tip_______________________________
THANK YOU &
Have a great year!