Transcript National Conference on Agriculture for Rabi Campaign 2005-06

Agriculture in
Madhya Pradesh
Challenges, strategy and goals
2009-12
Presentation at
Ministry of Agriculture
19 May 2009
1
Can this productivity gap ever be bridged?
???
Item
Avg. area tilled by
one farmer
W. Europe
1900
2000
India
1900
2000
10 ha.
100 ha.
1 ha.
1 ha.
100 qtl.
@ 10 qtl./ha.
5000 qtl.
@ 50qtl/ha
10qtl.
10 qtl.
Average value of
grain
produced/worker
$ 1000
@ $ 10/qtl.
$ 100,000
@ $ 20/Qtl
$ 100
$ 200
Productivity ratio
10
500
1
1
Avg. output of grain
per annum per
worker
Source: Marcel Mazoyer and Laurence Roudart: A History of World. Agriculture from
the Neolithic Age to the Current Crisis. London: Earthscan, 2007
Structure of presentation
1.
2.
3.
4.
SWOT of MP agriculture
Overview of recent achievements
Strategic goals – 2009-12
Strategic Action Plan and budgetary
requirements
5. Policy suggestions for GOI
A brief SWOT analysis
•
1.
2.
3.
4.
Strengths
11 agro-climatic zones; 1100 mm rainfall
Excellent land-man ratio; good soil types
1/3 area under forests; rich bio diversity
Good support infrastructure: 4500 PACS, 240
mandis, 2 SAU, 11 Ag Colleges
5. Strong extension network
SWOT (contd)
•
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Weakness
¾ holdings small and marginal (26% area)
2/3 area rainfed; monsoon vagaries
22% rural population tribal; low literacy
High risk factor: lack of diversification
Low use of HYV seed, fertilizer, mechaniz.
Rural credit system weak
Infrastructure (esp. power) and transport
bottlenecks
SWOT (contd)
•
1.
2.
3.
Opportunities
Strong political will to support agriculture
Increased budgetary support under CSS
Improving power and irrigation scenario
SWOT (concluded)
•
1.
2.
3.
4.
Threats
Uneven fund disbursal
Inefficient HR management
Untargeted interventions
Change of focus at State level
Overview of recent
performance
2006-07 to 2008-09
Agriculture Profile of the State
Particulars
Unit
Status
Geographical area
Lakh Ha.
307.56
Net cultivated area
Lakh Ha.
148.38
Area under Kharif
Lakh Ha.
107.12
Area under Rabi
Lakh Ha.
79.64
Double Cropped Area
Lakh Ha.
53.78
Irrigated Area
%
32.37
Cropping Intensity at present
%
136
9
MP in national perspective (2006-07)
S.N.
Particulars
All India
M.P.
Position
1.
Irrigation %
40.3
32.37
2.
Cropping intensity %
135
136
3.
Fertilizer consumption/ in
kg/ha.
104.50
62.70
4.
Productivity of crops kg/ha.
a.
Paddy
2084
868
b.
Jowar
896
1042
c.
Bajra
873
1360
d.
Maize
1783
979
e.
Wheat
2617
1915
f.
Gram
782
981 Ist (46.62%) in Prod.
g.
Soybean
1051
1007 Ist (54.51%)%in prod.
Total pulses
595
780 Ist (26.12%)%in Prod.
Total Oilseeds
895
955 2nd (19.71%) in prod.
AREA, PRODUCTION, YIELD & CAGR OF MAJOR KHARIF CROPS IN MP
(AREA(A):000'Ha., PROD(P).:000'TONNES, YIELD(Y):Kg./Ha.)
2007-08
2008-09
CAGR %
2006-07
CROPS
A
P
Y
A
P
Y
A
P
Y
A
P
Y
PADDY
1684
1396
874
1645
1332
810
1682
1560
927
-1.22
3.58
-0.63
JOWAR
545
562
1033
528
590
1123
471
577
1225
-8.35
3.83
13.65
MAIZE
890
854
962
853
1119
1312
840
1144
1307
-4.89
32.49
36.12
BAJRA
185
254
1375
202
278
1376
175
241
1377
1.89
2.17
0.11
KODOKUTKI
297
76
254
315
86
273
307
89
300
4.71
15.13
12.80
TUR
309
213
691
325
219
673
363
290
800 11.33
19.48
6.58
URAD
470
161
342
570
195
342
476
183
384 11.28
17.39
6.14
73
24
318
76
25
329
76
27
355
4.11
8.33
7.55
201
192
949
204
191
936
200
228
1140
0.50
9.11
9.38
SOYBEAN
4705
4789
1019
5202
5368
1032
5124
5850
1142
9.73
17.12
6.67
SESAMUM
247
88
356
231
88
378
213
98
460 -10.12
5.68
17.61
NIGER
108
24
222
102
24
235
117
27
231
6.25
4.95
TOTAL
10416
9079
872 10907
9964
914 10712 10772
1006
MOONG
GROUNDNUT
1.39
3.78 14.20 10.09
11
AREA, PRODUCTION, YIELD & CAGR OF MAJOR RABI CROPS IN MP
(AREA(A):000'Ha., PROD(P).:000'TONNES, YIELD(Y):Kg./Ha.)
CROPS
2006-07
A
P
2007-08
Y
2008-09
CAGR %
A
P
Y
A
P
Y
A
P
Y
WHEAT
4275
7848
1916
3742
6032
1748
3607
6000
1665
-14.05 -23.34 -10.93
GRAM
2591
2557
988
2439
1735
699
2714
2307
850
-0.56 -20.96 -21.61
PEAS
190
84
442
166
67
404
216
99
460
LENTIL
540
262
485
468
206
440
520
239
RAPE/
MUSTARD
753
706
939
579
537
927
596
LINSEED
126
50
397
105
33
313
8672
11907
1373
7682
9017
1174
TOTAL
NOTE:
0.53
-1.19
-2.26
460
-8.52 -15.08
-7.22
542
910
-21.98 -23.58
-2.18
114
47
410
-13.10 -20.00
-8.94
7964
9894
1242
-9.79 -20.59 -12.02
39 District, 164 Tehsil in 2007-08 & 41 District, 152Tehsil in 2008-09 where drought affected in sgtate,
adversely affected area & productivity of crop.
12
PERFORMANCE OF SEED PRODUCTION AND SRR
Crops
2006-07
Seed
Prodn
(Unit-Seed Prodn-lakh Qtls, SRR-%)
2008-09
CAGR %
2007-08
SRR
Seed
Prodn
SRR
Seed
Prodn
SRR
Seed
Prodn
SRR
Kharif crops
Soybean
12.73
15.84
16.04
14.77
23.24
19.37
0.34
3.96
0.21
8.85
0.24
11.05
-33.82 151.26
Wheat
8.59
8.03
10.93
19.19
12.00
13.62
33.47 104.30
Gram
0.51
2.15
1.02
2.90
1.30
4.41
Paddy
54.28
7.77
Rabi crops
127.45
70.00
13
Seed Treatment
(Unit : % of total seed used)
Year
Kharif
Rabi
2006-07
14.18
14.81
2007-08
40.00
56.5
2008-09
57.78
68.56
14
Fertilizer Consumption in the State
( Unit – lakh MT )
Nutrients
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
N
7.301
7.957
7.998
P
4.098
4.303
5.297
K
0.653
0.758
0.899
Total
12.051
13.017
14.195
15
Per ha. consumption of fertilizers
( Unit – KG/Ha)
Nutrients
Achievement
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
N
37.58
43.56
42.52
P
21.32
23.55
28.15
K
3.39
4.15
4.78
Total
62.70
71.26
75.40
16
Performance of mechanization
Year
Manually Operated
Power
Tractor
/ Bullock Drawn
Drawn
&
implements
implements Power
Tiller
2006-07
64580
1351
440
2007-08
2008-09
Total
52526
55180
1756
1816
444
480
172286
4923
1364
17
NRM – Watershed Development
Unit-Fin-lakh
Particulars
2006-07
Unit
2007-08
P
F
P
F
2008-09
P
F
NWDPRA
Ha
53937
1648.88
39094
2286.97 23829
2907.66
RVP / FPR
Ha
22349
1536.03
25853
1613.18 19628
1586.46
MIT
Nos
-
-
-
-
56
1250.00
PERCOLATION
TANKs
Nos
93
259.21
301
1682.50
793
4107.23
18
Some policy initiatives at a glance
1. Lowering risks and cost of agriculture
• Coop credit interest brought down from 16% to 7%
(2006-07), 5% (2007-08) and 3% (proposed for 2009-10);
state subsidy 100cr
• 2/3 farmers covered under Kisan Credit Card
• Rs. 100/qtl wheat bonus in 2007-08 and Rs. 50/qtl
wheat bonus paid in 2008-09
• State level debt waiver scheme for loans upto Rs. 50k
announced (to be implemented)
• 300+ farmer seed societies; doubling of F1 seed
availability between 2006-2008.
Policy initiatives (contd)
2.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Strengthening extension
1st State to introduce PPP model (ATMA)
1st State Level call centre
1st Hindi website for agriculture; KGK; CSC
Community radio station
Over 1500 farm schools mobilized
Each of 52,000 villages site for demo plot
Dist./block level Krishi Vigyan Mela
Monthly newsletter; radio and TV content
Policy initiatives (contd)
3. Moisture conservation efforts
• SRI and ridge-and-furrow thrust techniques
• Balram Tal scheme for on-farm ponds
• Tubewell scheme for cultivators
• Top-up subsidy for drip and sprinkler systems
Policy initiatives (contd)
4. Rural finance institutions
• 1st among north Indian states to sign
Vaidyanathan Mou in 2006; over Rs. 1200
crores received as assistance
• Comprehensive amendments to Coop Act
passed
• Wide ranging reform of PACS underway;
focus on SMF memership; savings,
portfolio financing
Policy initiatives (contd)
5. Marketing
• Modernization programme covering 240 market yards
(computeriz., electronic scales, farmer facilities)
• Single license system for bulk buyers to facilitate direct
farmer-processor linkage
• National Spot Exchange begins functioning at Indore
(April 2009)
• 3 storage and marketing hubs for cereals and
perishables planned in 2009-10
• WHR, storage and collateral services being expanded
Strategic goals
2009-10 to 2011-12
24
Strategic goals 2009-12
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Achieve 5% p.a. growth in agriculture
Attain national productivity goals in major crops
Promote groundwater recharge and in-situ moisture
conservation efforts
Promote a sustainable, diversified agriculture model, based
on optimum resource use
Promote intensive mechanization to improve productivity
and reduce production losses and drudgery
Create effective and transparent marketing mechanisms to
enable unlocking of farm produce value
Support research and HRD focused on State’s needs
Strategic Action Plan
1. Achieving 5% per annum growth
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Double SRR of all major crops in 3 years
Increase seed production throughout breederfoundation-certified chain
Promote diversification through additional areas under
horticulture and agro forestry
Promote targeted mechanization to improve yields
Strengthen animal husbandry interventions across value
chain
Liberalise marketing arrangements further; PPP in
infrastructure; WHR; strategic marketing hubs, etc.
Target SMF with institutional credit and financial
services, including risk mitigation strategies
SAP (contd)
2. Attain national productivity goals in major crops
Soybean




Research will be focused on early maturing disease free
varieties.
Ridge-and-furrow and similar useful practices
Weed control to be focus of farm level efforts
Farm schools to anchor demo and technology transfer
efforts
Paddy



Increase seed availability, esp. hybrids and early maturing
varieties
Upland paddy to be phased out with oilseeds and pulses
SRI method to cover entire paddy acreage in 3-5 years
Wheat
 Varietal replacement
 Addressing micro nutrient deficiencies
 Timely sowing and irrigation management
 Niche production and value chain enhancement for ‘sharbati’
and durum varieties
Gram
 Increasing SRR
 Targeting productivity increase for SMF
 Irrigation and pest management
Efforts underpinned by revitalised extension
system, which is being made totally farmer
anchored.
Kharif Crop Development
Area: lakh ha., Yield: Kg/Ha
Crops
Year wise projected Area & Productivity (Yield)
2009-10
Area
Yield
2010-11
Area
Yield
2011-12
Area
Yield
Soybean
50.75
1160
51.25
1200
51.75
1240
Paddy
16.25
975
16.50
1025
16.75
1075
Maize
8.90
1500
9.20
1600
9.50
1800
Pulses
11.15
568
11.50
580
12.00
600
Total
106.70
1040
108.00
1080
109.00
1100
29
Rabi Crop Development
Area: lakh ha., Yield: Kg/Ha
Crops
Year wise projected Area & Productivity (Yield)
2009-10
Area
Yield
2010-11
Area
Yield
2011-12
Area
Yield
Wheat
42.00
2050
42.50
2150
43.00
2200
Gram
30.00
1050
30.30
1080
30.60
1110
Total Pulses
38.00
810
38.50
825
39.00
850
Mustard
7.00
1075
7.25
1100
7.50
1125
Total
90.00
1500
92.00
1550
93.00
1600
30
3. Promote groundwater recharge and in-situ moisture
conservation efforts
Expansion of Balram Tal scheme
Expansion of tubewell scheme for SMF
Convergence with NREGA for on-farm ponds, SMF esp.
Greater thrust on NWDPRA
Targeting SMF for use of water saving devices
Implementation of master plan for serial check dams on
major streams in collaboration with RDD
4. Promote a sustainable, diversified agriculture model,
based on optimum resource use
Increased focus on conservation agriculture practices
Use of NHM & RKVY funds for allied sector interventions
Involvement of NGOs for promoting integrated farm
production models (e.g. ‘Wadi’)
Greater emphasis on organic farming, use of farm waste,
mulching etc.
5. Promote intensive mechanization to improve
productivity and reduce production losses and
drudgery
Equipment Banks for hiring machinery to SMF
Leasing model on pilot basis
Involvement of local private manufacturers in promoting
mechanization efforts
6. Create effective and transparent marketing
mechanisms to enable unlocking of farm produce
value
 Purchase centres outside market yards for direct
farmer-buyer interface
 Provision for Kisan Mandis around major towns
 Major projects for perishables and regional storage
hubs under implementation
 Modernization of mandis – use of IT; PPP model for
infrastructure development; WHR & collateral services
 National Spot Exchange to be expanded in mandis
7. Support research and HRD focused on State’s needs
SAUs to focus primarily on State specific crops
Greater farmer involvement in varietal research and
development
Private sector to be encouraged to enter agri education
Veterinary and horticulture universities under planning
Establishment of gene banks and seed banks at SAUs to
preserve unique bio heritage of State and check bio piracy
ATMA
Activities
Projected Targets
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
Establishment of FFS
2000
3000
5000
Demonstration
Establishment of CRS
Interface
35000
10
100
37000
15
100
39000
25
100
Kisan Mela/Exhibition
50
50
50
P P Partners
18
25
30
36
Agriculture Mechanization
(Unit-Nos)
Types of Mechanization
Projected Targets
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
Manually Operated / Bullock
Drawn implements
60900
68000
75000
Power Drawn implements
1932
2200
2400
Tractor & Power Tiller
600
800
1000
63432
71000
78400
Total
37
Seed Infrastructure & Availability
Particulars
Projected Targets
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
•Soybean
900000
1100000
1350000
•Paddy
102797
150000
170000
•Wheat
628000
680000
835000
•Gram
110000
120000
150000
•Soybean
24.00
28.00
32.00
•Paddy
12.85
18.00
20.00
•Wheat
16.00
20.00
24.00
•Gram
5.50
7.00
9.00
Seed Availability ( Qtls )
•Kharif
•Rabi
•SRR (%)
38
Per Unit Consumption of Fertilizer
( Unit – KG/Ha)
Nutrients
Projected Targets
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
N
45
50
55
P
30
32
34
K
05
05.5
06
Total
80
87.5
95
39
Seed Treatment
(Unit : in % of total seed.)
Year
Projection
Kharit
Rabi
2009-10
75.00
80.00
2010-11
80.00
85.00
2011-2012
85.00
90.00
40
NRM – Watershed Development
Particulars
Unit
Projected Targets
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
NWDPRA
Ha
41180
50000
60000
RVP / FPR
Ha
28000
37000
41000
CONSTRUCTION OF MIT
Nos
75
90
110
CONSTRUCTION OF
PERCOLATION TANKs
Nos
800
1000
1100
41
Agriculture infrastructure
Particulars
Projected Targets
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
Plant protection lab
1
1
1
Seed testing lab
2
4
4
Fertilizer testing lab
1
1
1
Strengthening of Soil testing labs
14
25
30
Renovation of Trg Institution (State level)
1
1
1
Renovation of Trg Centers (Dist level)
7
7
5
Renovation of Block level Krishi Gyan
Kendra
100
100
113
Renovation of State Seed Farms
15
10
10
42
Expenditure & Proposed Allocations under CSS
Name of
Scheme
Macro
Management
ISOPOM
COTTON
MISSION-II
NFSM
RKVY
ATMA
DSIFPDQS*
Total
*
Expenditure
2006-07
2007-08 2008-09
4699.80
5772.06 7580.08
(Unit-Lakh Rs.)
Proposed allocation
2009-10 2010-11 2011-12
10584.43 12510.00 15370.00
4557.30
483.96
4169.36
411.19
5503.40
475.92
5600.00
1133.10
125.39
351.34
10217.79
897.45
6756.96
513.15
237.93
18758.10
5762.33
11661.17
1558.03
264.04
32804.97
12965.31 14103.00 16100.00
37527.22 40000.00 50000.00
7270.21 6977.89 7000.00
3000.00 3200.00 4000.00
78080.27 92681.74 109737.56
14725.00 16000.00
1165.85 1267.56
DEV.& STRENGTHENING OF INFRASGTRUCTURE FACILITIESFOR
PRODUCTION & DISTRIBUTION OF QUALITY SEEDS
43
Policy suggestions for
Govt. of India
Some policy suggestions
• Merge all existing schemes under two umbrellas:
NFSM and RKVY
• Replicate process of project appraisal and
sanction for all programmes on RKVY model – i.e.
SLSC, with GOI participation
• Allow flexibility (upto 20%) for State specific
deviations from broad guidelines, with SLSC
supervision
• Create joint supervision and monitoring
mechanism for schemes for impact evaluation
THANKS