Transcript Slide 1
8:30-9:10 AM: Philip Scherrer, What Can We Hope to Learn from SDO Overview of SDO HMI Investigation HMI Instrument MDI Status Excellent Condition Half Way Solar-Heliospheric Activity Research and Prediction Program SDO-EVE MEGS - Multiple Euv Grating Spectrograph ESP - Euv Spectrophotometer OFS - Optics Free Spectrometer The primary goal of the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) investigation is to study the origin of solar variability and to characterize and understand the Sun’s interior and the various components of magnetic activity. The HMI investigation is based on measurements obtained with the HMI instrument as part of the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) mission. HMI makes measurements of the motion of the solar photosphere to study solar oscillations and measurements of the polarization in a spectral line to study all three components of the photospheric magnetic field. HMI produces data to determine the interior sources and mechanisms of solar variability and how the physical processes inside the Sun are related to surface magnetic field and activity. It also produces data to enable estimates of the coronal magnetic field for studies of variability in the extended solar atmosphere. HMI observations will enable establishing the relationships between the internal dynamics and magnetic activity in order to understand solar variability and its effects, leading to reliable predictive capability, one of the key elements of the Living With a Star (LWS) program. The broad goals described above will be addressed in a coordinated investigation in a number of parallel studies. These segments of the HMI investigation are to observe and understand these interlinked processes: Convection-zone dynamics and the solar dynamo; Origin and evolution of sunspots, active regions and complexes of activity; Sources and drivers of solar activity and disturbances; Links between the internal processes and dynamics of the corona and heliosphere; Precursors of solar disturbances for space-weather forecasts. These goals address long-standing problems that can be studied by a number of immediate tasks. The description of these tasks reflects our current level of understanding and will obviously evolve in the course of the investigation. HMI Major Science Objectives J – Sunspot Dynamics I – Magnetic Connectivity B – Solar Dynamo C – Global Circulation A – Interior Structure D – Irradiance Sources H – Far-side Imaging E – Coronal Magnetic Field NOAA 9393 Far-side G – Magnetic Stresses F – Solar Subsurface Weather Name Role Institution Philip H. Scherrer John G. Beck Richard S. Bogart Rock I. Bush Thomas L. Duvall, Jr. Alexander G. Kosovichev Yang Liu Jesper Schou Xue Pu Zhao Alan M. Title Thomas Berger Thomas R. Metcalf Carolus J. Schrijver Theodore D. Tarbell J. Leonard Culhane Richard A. Harrison Bruce W. Lites Steven Tomczyk Sarbani Basu Douglas C. Braun Philip R. Goode Frank Hill Rachel Howe Jeffrey R. Kuhn Charles A. Lindsey Jon A. Linker N. Nicolas Mansour Edward J. Rhodes, Jr. Juri Toomre Roger K. Ulrich Alan Wray J. Christensen-Dalsgaard Bernhard Fleck Douglas O. Gough Takashi Sekii Hiromoto Shibahashi Sami K. Solanki Michael J. Thompson PI A-I Co-I Co-I Co-I Co-I A-I Co-I Co-I Co-I A-I Co-I Co-I Co-I Co-I Co-I A-I Co-I Co-I Co I Co-I Co-I Co-I Co-I Co-I Co-I Co-I Co-I Co-I Co-I Co-I Co-I Co-I Co-I Co-I Co-I Co-I Co-I Stanford University Stanford University Stanford University Stanford University NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Stanford University Stanford University Stanford University Stanford University LMSAL LMSAL LMSAL LMSAL LMSAL MSSL, University College London, UK Rutherford Appleton Laboratories, UK High Altitude Observatory High Altitude Observatory Yale University Colorado Research Associates NJIT, Big Bear Solar Observatory National Solar Observatory National Solar Observatory University of Hawaii Solar Physics Research Corp. Science Applications Intnl. Corp. NASA Ames Research Center University of Southern California JILA, Univ. of Colorado University of California, Los Angeles NASA Ames Research Center TAC, Aarhus University, DK European Space Agency IoA, Cambridge University, UK National Astron. Obs. of Japan, JP University of Tokyo, JP Max-Planck-Institut für Aeronomie, DE Imperial College, UK Phase B,C,D HMI Investigation E/PO Science Liaison Data Pipeline and Access Program Manager Time-Distance Code Inversion Code Vector Field Observable Code Instrument Scientist Coronal Code HMI Instrument * Vector Field Calibration * Vector Field Calibration AIA Liaison HMI Calibration HMI CCD Cameras HMI CCD Camera Electronics Vector Field Inversions Vector Field Inversions * Ring Analysis Code * Farside Imaging Code * Magnetic and Helioseismic Code * Ring Analysis Code * Internal Rotation Inversion Code * Limb and Irradiance Code * Farside Imaging Code * Coronal MHD Model Code * Convection Zone MHD Model Code * Helioseismic Analysis Code * Sub-Surface-Weather Code * Magnetic Field Calibration Code * Convection Zone MHD Model Code * Solar Model Code ILWS Coordination * Local HS Inversion Code Phase-E Solar Science Surface Flows Near Surface Flows Irradiance and Shape Helioseismology Helioseismology Active Region Fields Helioseismology Coronal Field Models Solar Science Active Region Science Active Region Science Active Region Science Active Region Science Active Region Science Active Region Science Active Region Science Active Region Science Helioseismology Helioseismology Fields and Helioseismology Helioseismology Helioseismology Irradiance and Shape Helioseismology Coronal Physics Convection Physics Helioseismology Helioseismology Solar Cycle Convection Physics Helioseismology Atmospheric Dynamics Helioseismology Helioseismology Helioseismology AR Science Helioseismology * Phase D only HMI Organizational Structure Principal Investigator P. Scherrer Co-I Science Team HAO S. Tomczyk Data Processing & Analysis Support LMSAL Lead A. Title Education & Public Outreach Stanford University Program Manager R. Bush SU Ground Data System LMSAL HMI Development Instrument Scientist J. Schou MSSL/RAL Camera System HMI Master Schedule Task Name 3 UK CCDs Detector Camera LMSAL Program Phase Reviews Deliveries Focal Plane Assembly Lyot Michelsons Filter Oven Optical Elements HMI Mechanism Optics Package Electronics & Software HMI Instrument 2003 2002 4 1 A SRR 2 2004 3 1 4 2 3 2005 4 1 2 3 bridge B Fabricate 1 2 3 GSFC SU Ground System Development 1 2 3 4 1 2 E Instrument Delivery Launch Test Develop Test Develop Assemble &Test Test Assemble I&T Develop Develop Develop Design Assemble & Align Integrate Oven & Focal Plane Develop Calibration Integrate Acceptance RESERVE I&T Spacecraft I&T and Flight 4 Test Design/Fabrication Develop 4 2008-2013 2007 C/D Initial Confirmation Review CDR PDR Confirmation Review Develop 2006 Env. test Launch prep MO&DA Commission System Engineering Development Prototype Production The HMI instrument will produce filtergrams in a set of polarizations and spectral line positions at a regular cadence for the duration of the mission. These are combined on the ground to produce: 1-arc-second resolution full-disk Doppler velocity and line-of-sight magnetic flux images at least every 50 seconds 1-arc-second resolution full-disk vector-magnetic images of the longitudinal solar magnetic field at least every 90 seconds Doppler Velocity Cadence Precision Zero point accuracy Dynamic range Vector Magnetic Field 45 s 13 m/s 0.05 m/s ±6.5 km/s Line-of-Sight Magnetic Flux Cadence 45 s Precision 10 G Zero point accuracy 0.05 G Dynamic range ± 4 kG Continuum Intensity Cadence 45 s Precision 0.3% Accuracy pixel to pixel 0.1% Cadence Precision: Polarization Sunspots (1kG<|B|<4kG) |B| Azimuth Inclination Quiet Sun (0.1kG<|B|<2kG) * |B| Total flux density Azimuth Inclination 90 s 0.22% 18G 0.6º 1.4º 220 G 35 G 15º 18º FeI 6173Å instead of NiI 6768Å HMI Filter Profiles HMI Observing Sequence Time (sec) λ D o V P p e o T u p c l a n l e t o r i z i n r r a 8 g S S 0 16 I 1 e e t i o q I 2 L R q L L 2 = I + 2 V = L L P R 1 R = - V = 2 R I 5 L 2 I 40 I 4 R 1 C 32 I 3 R 1 n 24 C P L 1 1 = I + Q + V R R 3 2 I – 4 a Q + V R R 3 3 = + a U 4 – I 5 L 4 I 85 I 4 L 3 b 77 I 3 L 4 = 69 I 2 L C b 61 I 1 C 2 a 53 I C R 1 45 b V L I C R 3 C 3 4 = I 4 – a U C - b V Details of the HMI observing sequence: Time indicates the beginning of the exposures at a given wavelength. The Wavelength Tuning positions I1 through I5 are spaced evenly 75 mÅ apart, with I3 centered on the line (see Figure C.8). Doppler Seq and Vector Seq indicate the order and polarizations settings for the two cameras, with the states L, R, 1, 2, 3, 4 identified by Polarization. For a²=2/3 and b²=1/3, Q, U and V have identical noise equal to 0.22% in the continuum. IC is a continuum filtergram taken in linear polarization. Sample MDI Filtergrams Sample MDI Observables The HMI investigation will provide sufficient computing capability to convert these raw filtergram measurements into a set of observables and derived data products that satisfy the HMI science objectives The primary observables (Dopplergrams, longitudinal and vector magnetograms, and continuum intensity images) will be available at full resolution and cadence. Other derived products such as subsurface flow maps, far side activity maps, and coronal and solar wind models that require longer sequences of observations will be produced. Open data policy: ALL data products will be freely available as soon as they are created. Lev. Description Examples Rate [GB/day] Rate [TB/yr] Cache [day] Archived [%] Raw Telemetry - 600 200 30 100 0 Filtergrams - 1000 400 100 100 Observables VLOS, BLOS, Ic, Vector Field Parameters 400 160 600 30 10 3 3000 100 <1 <1 2000 100 1 2 3 Reorganized data Inferences Spatial/temporal Samples, Averages; Synoptic Maps Global Modes, Analysis Maps, Farside Images, Coronal Fields HMI Data Archive HMI 0.02 Ops 600 SDO Telemetry HMI Dataflow Concept (Gigabytes/day) 1000 400 Data Capture Lev 1 30d Cache Online Data Telem Archive Analysis Archive 10 ReOrg Data Inferences <1 30d cache Net Access HMI Data Analysis Pipeline HMI Education/Public Outreach Partnerships Institution Student K-14 Teacher Assess Multi- Distance Distri- Access Public/ Involve Curric- Workment media Learning bution of to infomal ment ulum shops Support Develop Support Materials Under- education Develop ment served ment Stanford X X LMSAL X X Stanford-Haas X The Tech Museum X X Chabot SSC X Morrison Planetarium /CA Academy of Sciences X X X X X X IIISE X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Lawrence Hall of Science NASA-CORE X X X X X X X X X X First HMI Science Team meeting in spring 2003 For continuing HMI information see: http://hmi.stanford.edu