Transcript Agriculture - PCTanzania.org

Introduction to Food Security
Office of Overseas Programming &
Training Support (OPATS)
Defining Food Security
Food Security exists when all people, at all
times, have physical and economic access
to sufficient safe and nutritious food that
meets their dietary needs and food
preferences for an active and healthy life.
(1996 World Food Summit)
Key Facts
 Estimated 925 million hungry people in the world
 By 2008, 33.3% of Tanzanians lived below the Basic
Needs Poverty line and 17% of the population was
below the food poverty line.
 # of people undernourished (millions): 13.7
 Proportion of undernourished in total pop: 34%
 Child malnutrition, underweight: 44%
 Child malnutrition, underweight, stunting: 50%
 Child mortality rate (per 1000 live births): 108
Key Facts
 Approximately 40% world’s arable land is degraded
by climate change and worsening
 Half a billion small farms in the world support 2
billion people
 Poor people spend 50%-80% of income on food
 Agriculture accounts for more than 25% of GDP and
75% of the labor force
 Total Land area (1000 ha): 88 580 in TZ
 Arable land (1000 ha): 9 600 in TZ
Learning Objectives
 Introduction to Food Security
 Introduction to Feed the Future
 Describe The EAT Squad’s role and
responsibilities
 Identify at least three activities that can
improve food security
Why focus on food security?
Food security and health
Food security and environment
Food security and livelihoods
Every PCV is also a Food Security Volunteer
4 Food Security Components
Affordability
& financial
Availability
Access
Food
Security
Utilization
Nutritional Quality and
Family use of Food
Resilience &
Stability
Availability
 Food availability addresses “supply
side” of food security
 Determined by
1. Food Production Levels
2. Stock Levels
3. Net Trade
Access
 Food access depends on household’s ability to :
– obtain food from their own production, stocks, purchases, gathering
– obtain food from food transfers from relatives, members of the community, the
government, or donors
– individual household members’ access to resources
 Household ability to meet food needs (over a year) varies
due to:
– inadequate crop production by the household due to poor soils or lack of labor
– loss or decrease in income sources such as employment, social obligations
– natural disaster.
Utilization
The way the body uses various nutrients in food
Individual nutritional status is determined by sufficient
energy and nutrient intake, which results from:
• good care and feeding practices
• food preparation
• diversity of diet
• intra-household distribution of food
GOOD NUTRITION
Stability
Access, Availability, and Utilization should be stable over time
and not affected negatively by natural, social, economic, or political factors.
 Food security varies across geography and varies for each
person depending on circumstances.
 “At all times” = the stability dimension of food security.
– Emphasizes reducing the risk of adverse effects on food availability,
access or utilization.
 “All people, at all times” is integral to the definition of food
security and is key to achieving national food security
objectives
Food Insecurity—Duration
Inadequate food consumption varies from a short-term
experience to a lifelong condition.
Two types of food insecurity
Chronic food insecurity
Long-term or Persistent
Extended periods of
poverty, asset scarcity
inadequate access to
productive or financial
resources.
Transitory food insecurity
Short-term &
Temporary
Relatively unpredictable
and can emerge
suddenly.
Gender & Food Security:
Women’s Role in Food Security
Women and children under the age of 5 are the most
affected by food insecurity
Women bear the brunt of domestic and agricultural tasks:
•Preparing and cooking food
•Caring for children, the elderly, and the sick
•In Africa, the HIV/AIDS pandemic burdens caretakers even
more
•Processing food crops, providing water and firewood, picking
fruit
Women are primarily responsible for their families’ health,
education, and nutrition.
Brainstorming….
 There are many ways to respond to food
insecurity and help your communities improve
their capacity to reduce poverty and increase
food security
 When you get to your community, list a few of
the things that you need to do to begin work
on addressing food security.
Feed the Future
 US governments global hunger and food security
initiative
 FTF started in Mali (2007) and now is in 21 countries
of Africa + Nepal
 PCTZ and FtF signed a partnership in March 2013
 5 year contract with funding
 Objectives include trainings, small project assistance and
M&E
Feed the Future
 Eight private sector implementing partners
focused on different aspects of Food Security
 Partners with PCV’s due to access to villages
 Important funding source for grants
The EAT Squad
 Eight volunteers from all three sectors and a
wide range of regions
 Facilitate trainings
 Manage resources
 Support YOU! In YOUR food security
endeavors
The EAT Squad
 To promote access to sufficient, safe,
nutritious food to improve quality of life by
providing knowledge, skills, and resources to
volunteers and Tanzanians
USALAMA WA CHAKULA
QUESTIONS??
NIULIZE