Transcript Gendered Outcome Mapping

Gendered Outcome Mapping
Sana SHAMS \ Mudasir MUSTAFA
PAN LOCALIZATION PROJECT (www.PANL10n.net)
CENTER FOR RESEARCH IN URDU LANGUGE PROCESSING
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF COMPUTER AND EMERGING SCIENCES
Outcome Mapping
BUILDING LEARNING AND REFLECTION INTO DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES
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Participatory method for planning, monitoring and
evaluation
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Focused on specific type of results: Outcomes as
changes in behavior
◦ of those with whom the program or project is working directly
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Focuses on outcomes instead of impact
Introduction to OM
OUTCOMES are defined as changes in behavior
relationships, activities or actions that contribute to
development process
 Could be logically linked to program activities

IMPACT means providing evidence that a certain
program bring about
 Could isolate key factors that caused results and
attribute them to particular cause
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Outcomes & Impact
KEY CONCEPTS:
◦ Theory of change
◦ Sphere of influence
◦ Outcomes (behavior changes)
Introduction to OM
Many M&E methods visualize change as linear, based
on a cause-effect relationship
X
Y
Linear, Orderly & Predictable: FOCUSED on END RESULT
Introduction to OM: Theory of change
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OM believes “(behavior) Change” is:
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Complex (multiple actors and factors)
Continuous (not limited to the life of the project)
Non-linear (unexpected results occur)
Incremental, cumulative
Beyond the control of the project (but subject to its
influence)
◦ Cyclic , two-way (program also changes)
Introduction to OM: Theory of change
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Focuses M&E on factors and actors within
program’s direct sphere of influence
Program
The rest of the world
= partners
Introduction to OM: Sphere of Influence
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changes in behavior (relationships, interactions and
or actions) of the actors the program tries to
influence
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Program actors control change
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Development programs only facilitate the process
for a certain time
Introduction to OM: Outcomes in OM
Stages of Outcome Mapping
articulate goals and
define activities
assess program
performance and
partners’
outcomes
design
use-oriented
plan
Stages of Outcome Mapping
But where did we address gender?
“…It has often been assumed that women benefit
automatically from development efforts and that
progress towards equality of opportunity and
treatment between men and women takes place
naturally.” [Source: Guidelines for the Integration of Gender Issues into the Design,
Monitoring and Evaluation of ILO Programmes and Projects, Evaluation Unit
(PROG/EVAL)]
Gender Considerations in Projects
“Gender is a socio-economic variable for analyzing roles,
responsibilities, constraints, opportunities, and needs of men
and women in a given context.”
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Refers to social and cultural constructs that society
assigns to behaviors , characteristics and values
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Concept used to understand social and personal
relations between man and women
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defines concepts of femininity and masculinity
What is Gender?
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Gender is EVERYWHERE: no project without gender
issues
If you don’t ask for gender, you don’t get gender
Need for pro-activity to ensure participation of
both men and women
Gender-goals have to appear in objectives
All projects need to be reviewed for gender issues
by doing a gender analysis at project development
time
Gender Considerations in Projects
A Gendered approach will:
 Concretely identify target beneficiaries of both
gender
 Develop specific goals and strategies so that both
women and men can influence, participate in, and
benefit from development processes
 Disaggregate data by sex
 Understand gender disparities of access to and
control over resources
Gender Considerations in Projects
GENDER ANALYSIS
“Gender Analysis involves a systematic assessment
of the different impacts of the project activities on
women and men. Used from an ICT context, gender
analysis asserts that power relations in class, race
ethnicity, location, etc. producing complex and
hidden inequalities that affect social change”
Gender Considerations in Projects
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ICTs are not gender neutral
Technology empowers, but also affects and alters
gender relations
Substantial gender differences in access to, impact
of ICTs
Few women users in developing countries
Most women users in developing countries part of
small, educated urban elite
Gender Consideration is ICT projects
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Lack of infrastructure is a gender issue
◦ Poorer infrastructure in rural and outlying areas
◦ More women live in rural areas than men
Women have lesser access than men to those
facilities that do exist
 Women have less time to visit public access
facilities
 Facilities may not be located where women are
comfortable frequenting
 Hours may not be conducive to women’s use
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Gender Consideration is ICT projects
Gender bias towards women and ICTs
 Fewer women in science and technology
 Attitudes that IT is not for women
 Other cultural aspects limit women’s access
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Gender Consideration is ICT projects
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Are the information needs of both men and women
considered in designing programs?
◦ Are data on students and users disaggregated by sex (to show
possible gender differences in users)?
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Is the content of programs relevant to both men and
women?
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Are there constraints to women participating in the
courses ?
◦ E.g. if courses are delivered at times that are convenient to
women workers?
Gender Issues in Technology projects
[Source: Checklist for the Planning, Design and Implementation of an ICT Project
Incorporating Gender Issues, The World Bank Group]
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Does the project incorporate flexibility in
scheduling and location to accommodate both men
and women?
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Are there any social or cultural problems with
mixed-sex instruction?
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Are there differences between men and women in
subject and technical skill levels that require
remediation or accommodation?
Gender Issues in Technology projects
[Source: Checklist for the Planning, Design and Implementation of an ICT Project
Incorporating Gender Issues, The World Bank Group]
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Are there differences in foreign language abilities
by sex among the targeted recipients?
◦ E.g. if courses are in English, are women less likely to have
a mastery of English?
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Does the course content recognize gender issues in
the substantive material for the course ?
Gender Issues in Technology projects
[Source: Checklist for the Planning, Design and Implementation of an ICT Project
Incorporating Gender Issues, The World Bank Group]
Gendered Outcome Mapping
A Gendered Approach to Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation of Development Programme
Stages of OMg
•
Project Planning
◦ Intentional Design
 Vision
 Mission
 Boundary Partners
 Outcome Challenge
 Progress Markers
 Strategy Maps
 Organizational Practices
Introduction to OMg
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Project Planning
◦ Monitoring and Evaluation Planning
 Monitoring Plan
 Evaluation Plan (Evaluation Methodology & Details)
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Project Monitoring
 Outcome Journal
 Strategy Journal
 Performance Journal
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Project Evaluation
 Evaluation Report
Introduction to OMg
Key Points
Step 1: Vision
• idealistic
• about the future
• observable
• not about the project
Step 2: Mission
• about the project
• is feasible
• identifies activities and
relationships
Vision: “Imagine that in 3-5 years the program has been extremely
successful. What changes will you have helped bring about?
What are your partners doing differently? What have they
achieved? In essence, what would total success look like?”
Mission: “How can the program best support or contribute to the
achievement of the vision? What areas do you need to work in?
What do you need to do? ”
OMg check: Avoid using gender neutral terms like community,
marginalized, people, etc. rather include gender specific
terminology
Facilitation Question
Those individuals, groups, and organizations with
whom the program
interacts directly to effect change
 anticipates opportunities for influence
 engages in mutual learning
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Step 3: Boundary Partners
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Actors within program’s direct sphere of influence
Program
The rest of the world
= partners
Step 3: Boundary Partners
boundary partners may have boundary partners
program
program’s bp
bp’s bp
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IDRC
◦ Regional Secretariat
 Country Partner 1
 Country Partner (ENRD, Nepal)
◦ Farmers
◦ Students
◦ Youth
◦ Housewives
◦ Teachers
 Country Partner …
OMg check: specify the gender of each BP from
Male\Female or Both Gender
PAN L10n project: boundary partners
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Is about one boundary partner
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describes the ideal behavioral changes,
relationships, actions and interactions in this partner
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and how these changes will contribute to the vision.
Step 4: Outcome Challenge
Omg Check: A unique challenge statement can be
developed for each of the three gender groups,
relating to differences in their initial capacity levels
and the pace of behavior change anticipated
Outcome Challenge
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A graduated set of statements describing a progression
of changed behaviors in the boundary partner
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Describe changes in actions, activities and relationships
leading to the ideal outcome
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Articulate the complexity of the change process
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Can be monitored & observed
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Permit on-going assessment of partner’s progress
(including unintended results)
Step 5: Progress Markers
OMg Check: If the boundary partner is for both
genders and there is significant difference across
gender in the way the program will be executed
and/or progress is anticipated , PM may also be
separately identified for both male and females
Progress Markers
Causal
I
aimed at
individual
boundary
partner
E
aimed at
boundary
partner’s
environment
what will be
done to produce
and “immediate
output”?
what will be
done to alter
the physical or
policy
environment?
Step 6: Strategy Map
Persuasive
what will be
done to build
capacity?
Supportive
how will
sustained
support,
guidance or
mentoring be
provided?
how will the
what networks
media or
or relationships
publications be
will be
used?
established or
utilized?
causal
I
aimed at
individual
boundary
partner
E
aimed at
boundary
partner’s
environment
persuasive
supportive
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OMg Check: Different strategies may be developed
for both men and women to include more
participation in the program
Strategy Maps
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What you do as an organization to
◦ Foster creativity
◦ Seek best ways to assist your partner
◦ Maintain your niche
Step 7: Organizational Practices
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Monitoring Plan
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Evaluation Plan
◦ Evaluation Methodology
◦ Evaluation Details
Monitoring and Evaluation Planning
•
Choose the Monitoring Priorities: OC, Strategies, Org.
Practices
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What will monitoring information be used for ?
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Who will use it ? When is it needed ?
•
How and when will data be collected?
•
Who will collect it?
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Who will analyze, collate, package data?
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Where and when will it be discussed and used?
Monitoring Plan
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Evaluation Plan provides a short description of the main
elements of the evaluation to be conducted by the
program
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It outlines:
◦ Evaluation issues (IDENTIFY GENDER SPECIFIC ISSUES)
◦ Way finding be used
◦ Questions
◦ Information sources
◦ Evaluation methods
◦ Evaluation teams
◦ Dates for evaluations
◦ Approximate cost
Evaluation Plan
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Uses progress markers to chart boundary partner`s
progress
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Sets starting point or benchmark
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Captures details on changes in the boundary partner,
contributing factors & actors, and sources of
evidence
Step 9: Outcome Journal
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Can capture either quantity or quality of change:
◦ Quantity (number of boundary partners)
◦ Quality (depth of change)
Set Values for Low, Medium & High
Captures data on the strategies being employed to
encourage change in the boundary partner
 Helps the program gauge its contributions to the
achievement of outcomes and modify its actions
accordingly
 Feeds into work planning & (modifications) or new
activities
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Step 10: Strategy Journal
Records data on how the program is operating as an
organization to fulfill its mission
 Includes information on the program’s practices
 Feeds into work planning
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Step 11: Performance Journal
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Balancing learning & accountability
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Action oriented
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Each study is unique
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Process not only product
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Build capacity at all levels through participation
Guiding Principles for Evaluation
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Developing an evaluation report
Evaluation
SHAMS, Sana
&
MUSTAFA, Mudasir
for queries and feedback
[email protected]
PAN Localization project
CRULP, Pakistan
Thank you