Transcript 幻灯片 1

Unit 9 The Diary of the
Unknown Soldier
Lesson One
Overview
• Pre-reading questions
• New words & expressions
• Background information
Pre-reading Questions
•
•
•
•
•
What is war?
Why do people wage war?
What have wars brought us?
Is there such a thing as “just war”?
Have you ever seen any war films or
read any war stories? What are they?
• What is your attitude towards war?
What is war?
• The root of the English word 'war',
werra, is Frankish-German, meaning
confusion, discord, or strife, and the
verb werran meaning to confuse or
perplex.
• The Greek root of war is polemos,
implying an aggressive controversy.
Why War?
• Wars and revolutions and battles are due
simply and solely to the body and its desires.
— Plato
• In every man, of course, a beast lies hiddenthe beast of rage, the beast of lustful heat at
the screams of the tortured victim, the beast
of lawlessness let off the chain, the beast of
diseases that follow on vice, gout, kidney
disease, and so on.
— Dostoyevsky
Quotations on War
• We make war that we may live in peace.
— Aristotle
• There never was a good war or a bad peace.
— Benjamin Franklin
• They wrote in the old days that it is sweet
and fitting to die for one's country. But in
modern war, there is nothing sweet nor
fitting in your dying. You will die like a dog
for no good reason.
— Ernest Hemingway
50th World Press
Photo 1st Prize Winner
• A badly wounded
soldier & his bride
Words and Expressions
•
•
•
•
•
Turn to Page 120 and 121
Getting to know the meaning
Derivation
Expansion
Differentiation
Meaning & Use
• Princess Divine is a
dedicated to
book ___________
the wonderful soul of
Princess Diana.
• He dedicated his first
book to his mother.
(=addressed to)
Meaning & Use
• __________
dirt are seen in the field.
Piles of
• I’ve got ~s of work to do. (=a lot of)
Meaning & Use
• A lot of buildings were reduced to
rubble by bombing.
________
• Cf:
• Ruins
• Wreckage
Meaning & Use
• He raked up the fallen leaves into a
heap
_______.
• These ~s of rubble are grim reminders
of war.
Which word may best describe the
background picture?
bombard
• The city was ~ed by federal forces.
• Reporters ~ed the President with
questions about his economic policy.
Meaning & Use
• What is an aftermath?
• Millions died as an ~ of war.
• Food prices soared in the ~ of the
drought.
• <Syn.>
• consequences
• after-effects
• by-product
Meaning & Use
• Who would suffer the most in wars?
• Civilians.
• We demand an
end to the killing
of innocent ~s.
• Thousands of
~s are killed
during the war.
Meaning & Use
•
•
•
•
Ammunition.
What is this?
How much ~ did they shoot in training.
What’s this?
A rifle.
Meaning & Use
• There is a makeshift
_________ basketball ring.
• I saw them arranging
a row of chairs to form
a ~ bed for the guest.
• They gathered
branches and grasses
for a ~ camp.
Meaning & Use
• Where are the children having classes?
• In a makeshift classroom.
Meaning & Use
• What is this? It’s a _________
scoop
shovel.
• This is an ice cream ~.
Meaning & Use
• The girl is
walking under
the grape
aglow
trellis ______
with autumn
breezes.
• The sky was
all ~ with the
setting sun.
Meaning & Use
• This is a swinging _______
corpse
silhouette.
• The police found his ~ at
the bottom of the stairs.
• The ~ of the committee
had a last meeting.
那个寿终正寝的委员会
Meaning & Use
• Which word may best
describe this young
man?
• He is an infantryman
__________.
• What is a cavalryman?
• A soldier who fights on
horses or armored
vehicles.
Meaning & Use
• They wanted to bring down the
government, but without shedding
s_________
blood
________.
• The street was strewn
s______ with broken
glass.
engulfed in flames.
• The house was e_______
doomed aircraft just
• We saw the d_______
before it crashed.
Meaning & Use
• Some students waked out of the
an air of
examination room with
w____________
confidence and victory.
• The lizard's tongue shot out and
scooped up the fly.
s__________
of the blue
• Her visit came out
o_______________.
• A tiny fishing boat was d______
drifting slowly
along.
• The odds
o___ are five to one on that horse.
Meaning & Use
• The soldiers were well equipped with
ammunition
weapons and a__________.
grim when he
• His expression was g_____
told them they had lost their job.
• I'm ignorant
i_______ of his plan.
• He was asleep before I t_____
tucked him in.
• He was hit by a falling tree and killed
spot
on the s____.
Word Derivation
N.
hatred
civilian
spot
V.
hate
civilized
A.
hateful
civil
N.
initial
error
spot
spotty
spotted
dedication
V.
initial
err
dedicate
A.
initial
erroneous dedicated
Word Derivation
N.
ignorance
validity
doom
V.
ignore
validate
doom
A.
ignorant
valid
doomed
N.
regiment
pile
bombardment
V.
regiment
pile
bombard
N.
heap
vow
drift
V.
heap
vow
drift
Word Derivation
N.
strew
tuck
assumption
V.
strew
tuck
assume
A.
grim
adventurous
tattered
adventure
tatters
N. grimness
A.
sensible precautionary
N. sensibility
precaution
suicidal
suicide
Word Expansion
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Corps 军
Division 师
Brigade 旅
Regiment 团
Battalion 营
Company 连
Platoon 排
•
•
•
•
•
Aftermath 后果
Aftereffect 余波
Aftertaste 余味
Afterglow 余辉
Afterthought
事后的想法
• Afterlife 余生
Word Expansion
• Civilian 平民
• Civil service
公共服务
• Civil servant
公务员
• Civil law 民法
• Civil right 公民权利
• Civil war 内战
• Civil engineering
土木工程（学）
• Ragtag 混杂的
• Zigzag 曲折的
• Wigwag 摇摆；
旗语信号
• Titbit/Tidbit 花絮
Major Military Ranks
Navy
Air Force
海军
空军
Fleet Admiral元 General
帅/五星上将
上将
Commodore 准 Air Marshal
将
中将
Captain 上校
Colonel 上校
Lieutenant 上尉 Major 少校
Officer 士官
Seaman 水兵
Army
陆军
General
上将
Colonel
上校
Major 少校
Captain上尉
Captain 上尉 Lieutenant
中尉
Sergeant
Sergeant
中士
中士
Marines
海军陆战队
General
上将
Colonel
上校
Major 少校
Captain上尉
Lieutenant
中尉
Sergeant
中士
Synonymic Pairs
• We’re leaving the house. Everything
has been packed in boxes except a
few odds and ends.
• The closing down of unprofitable
railway branches is part and parcel of
the government’s plan to save money.
Synonymic Pairs
• Don’t you think you can keep any
secrets from us? We have ways and
means of getting the information we
need.
• Despite the fact that the ship had
passed through a virtual hurricane, all
the passengers arrived at the port
safe and sound.
Synonymic Pairs
• About the time of twilight Mr. Dombey,
grievously afflicted with aches and
pains, was helped into his carriage.
• Apart from fair wear and tear, the
bicycle is in excellent condition.
Synonymic Pairs
• Mary became high and mighty after
she won the prize, and Joan would not
go around with her any more.
• He pushed and pulled with all his
might and main but the door
remained firmly closed.
Synonymic Pairs
• The team was determined to win that
last game by hook or by crook, and
three players were put out of the game
for fouling.
• They arrive at our house bag and
baggage at one o’clock in the morning.
Differentiation
•
•
•
•
The book is dedicated to the author’s
husband.
Kate was still clinging to the wreckage
of her failed marriage.
A heap of old clothes was lying in the
corner.
They newspaper devotes two pages to
comics. （专门用于）
Differentiation
Debris:
thebroken
remains
Rubble:
of sth, usu.
large
stones
or bricks
碎片；瓦砾
碎石；碎砖
Ruins:
the remains
Wreckage:
the
ofbroken
a building,
usu
part of
an old one
a destroyed
thing
废墟；遗迹
残骸
Differentiation
Pile: usu. tidy
Heap: disorderly Stack: carefully
collection; usu. pile, not necessarily arranged pile of
the same size
of the same kind of the same kind
and shape
Differentiation
• Ignorant vs. Innocent
• Many teenagers are surprisingly
ignorant about current politics.
• He was startled by their angry
innocent remark.
response to his _________
• He is innocent
_________ of Sir Thomas’s
death.
• He was kept ignorant
________ of the facts.
Differentiation
• Assume vs. Presume
• The hiker is presumed to be dead after
missing for a week in the desert.
• He assumed
________ full responsibility for all
organizational work.
• Two of the miners went missing and
presumed dead.
are __________
• She assumed
________ an injured air.
Differentiation
• Sensible; sensitive; sentimental;
sensational
• He was very sensitive about his scar
and thought that everyone was staring
at him.
• These letter were kept for sentimental
_________
reasons.
• What do you think of the __________
sensational
headlines of today’s newspaper?
Lead-In
• What do you know about the first and
the second World War?
World War I:
June 1914, the crown prince of Austria
was assassinated in Sarajevo, which
touched off the war.
The two belligerent parties were the
Central Powers and the Entente.
同盟国
协约国
Background
• The First World War was in essence
animperialist
_________ war, which was unjust
to both parties involved.
4
• The First World War lasted for over __
years, which led to the weakening of
the power of the imperialist countries
and the success of the Socialist
Revolution of October.
Background
• The Second World War was taking
place between _____
1939 and ______.
1945
• It is a war of unprecedented size
throughout the whole world between
Fascist powers, the Axis countries, and
the anti-Fascist
__________ powers, the Allies.
61 countries
• There were as many as ____
involved in WWII, with the flames of
war burning in Asia, Europe and Africa.
There is an angel to stimulate
human civilization as well as
a devil to destroy it.
Thank
you!
Lesson 2: Overview
• Word review
• Text analysis
– Comprehension
– Language points
– Sentence highlights
Word Review
• He was dubbed
d______ Shorty because of
his size.
• The hunter steadied his rifle
r___ and fired.
• Her face was aglow
a______ as she met him.
• The flames quickly spread and e_____
engulf
their home.
• The refugees had been living in
makeshift tent for a year.
m_______
Word Review
• The hen tucked
t______ her head under her
wing.
• Shells of all shapes and sizes strew
s_____
the long narrow beach.
err is human, to forgive divine.
• To e___
• She regarded her critics as ignorant
i_______
and prejudiced.
odds of ten
• The horse was running at o____
to one.
Word Review
• All tyranny is hateful
_______ (hatred) to us.
• __________
Ignorance (ignorant) about AIDS is
rampant.
• The report was based on an erroneous
________
assumption
(err) _____________
(assume).
• Fuel was spilling out of the damaged
doomed
wing and the aircraft was ________
(doom).
Lead-In
• What is a diary?
a book in which
you write down
the things that
happen to you
each day
• What are the
features of a
diary?
Lead-In
kept a diary during the war
• Inge ______
years. (=wrote in a diary)
• A diary is divided into different
______.
entries
diarist is a
• A _______
person who
writes a diary,
especially one
that is later
published.
Comprehension
• When and where was the diary written?
• What was the author supposed to do
there?
• What can you infer about
the author?
• What does the first entry
mainly tell us?
A Global Picture
• This story is dedicated to all of the
unknown soldiers who died while trying
to protect the lives of the innocent.
• It shows us what happened in three
different days according to the soldier’s
diary.
• This passage is divided into three parts
(entries).
Comprehension
• When was the first entry written?
• November 24, 1943.
• What does the first paragraph mainly
tell us?
• A contrast between what the author
saw in the battlefield and what he and
his fellow soldiers had expected before
they joined in the war.
Comprehension
• What is the second paragraph about?
• A description of the enemy’s air raid
before he wrote this entry. (A flashback)
• What is the main idea of paragraph 3
and 4?
• The aftermath of the bombing and his
longing for his family.
Language Points
• with an air of (para. 1)
– He leaned towards Jessica with an ~ of
great confidentiality.
– He came into the room with an ~ of
importance.
– He listened to my story with an ~ of
growing disbelief.
– He explained the procedure with the
weary ~ of a man who had explained it
many times before.
Language Points
• ache (para.1): feel a not violent but
continuous suffering
– My legs ~d from the previous day’s
exercise.
• stare into (para.1)
– She was just sitting there, staring into
space.
– Chuck sat quietly for hours staring into
the distance, thinking of what might have
been.
Language Points
• a one-way ticket (para.1)
– Human beings’ pursuit of nuclear arsenal
will prove to be a ~ ticket to selfdestruction.
– How much is a ~ ticket to New York?
– A round-trip ticket to New York will cost
you $1500.
• assign (para.1):
– You have been ~ed the task of keeping
the records up to date.
Sentence Highlight
• If it would have been some strangers’
corpses that I had seen I might have
taken it lighter. (para.1)
• … I might have felt less sad.
• Couldn’t those men see that what they
received was a one-way ticket to
death.(para.1)
• …they were doomed to die.
Note: D-Day (para.1)
• The day (6th June,
1944) in WWII on
which Allied forces
invaded northern
France by means of
beach landings in
Normandy, under
command of
General Eisenhower.
预定进攻发起日
the
D-Day Illustrations
• Allies: Britain,
USSR, the US
Other Definitions of D-Day
• (2) a day which an important operation or
planned action is to begin 计划行动开始日
– e.g. So, today is D-Day then?
• (3) = Decimal Day: 1972 marked the year
when decimal (based on the number 10)
system was introduced in Britain 英国十进制
实施日
• (4) = day of demobilization: the day when
soldiers are allowed to leave military service,
usu at the end of a war 军人复员日
Language Points
• Out of the blue (para.2): all of a
sudden
– The job had been offered to her out of the
blue.
– I was pleasantly surprised to see an old
friend who appeared at the party out of the
blue.
• makeshift (para.2)
– Thousands of refugees are living in ~
campus.
– A few cushions formed a ~ bed.
Language Points
• Fighter plane
• Trench
Sentence Highlight
• I was suddenly knocked into a trench
and able to be undetected by… (para.2)
• I was suddenly thrown into a trench by
a great force and thus avoided being
discovered by …
Language Points
• come to (para.3)
– Your mother hasn’t yet ~ to/round/around
from the anaesthetic.
– She fainted, and it was half an hour before
she came to again.
• scoop up (para.3) : to take up or out
– When the policeman arrived the traders ~ed
up their watches and jewellery and ran off.
– He ~ed up the little boy and ran from the fire.
Language Points
• a sea of blood (para.3)
– The actor looked out from the stage onto
a ~ of faces.
– Suddenly the whole room broke into a ~
of shouting, as they saw me rise.
• Note: a metaphor is used to describe
the scene more vividly
– a torrent of anger
– a mountain of books.
Language Points
← a drift of thought
• spot (para.4)
– If you ~ any mistakes
in the article, just
mark them with a
pencil.
– The police ~ted him
driving a stolen car.
Sentence Highlight
• I hope the garden that they planted is
growing. (para.3)
• I hope those things they planted in the
garden are growing.
• Note: when the name of one thing is
substituted for that of another with
which it is closely associated, it is called
metonymy.
– When the war was over, he laid down the
sword and took up the pen.
Sentence Highlight
• Oh, how I wish I could see my darling
daughters! (para.3)
• All I ask is that I be alive when this ends.
(para.4)
• Why does the author use subjunctive mood
in these two sentences?
• He has doubt about whether he could
survive or not. In fact the narrow escape
made him aware of the real possibility that
he would be killed any moment.
Comprehension
• What are the points illustrated in the
first paragraph of the second entry?
• There are three points:
– The author’s remarks on the validity of
war (Sentence1-4)
– his grim situation at that time (S5-9)
– those dead soldiers and their families
Comprehension
• What is the second paragraph mainly
about?
• The author’s strong passions:
– his affection for his family (daughters)
– his rage for “selfish and ignorant” killing
and destruction
– his attitude to war: not caring about each
other is more cruel than killing on the
battle field (last sentence)
The Second Entry
• His reflections on war, interwoven with
description of his grim situation in a
small European town
• Facts: they are staying at the town,
without food and ammunition when the
Nazi troops are coming
• Reflection: war creates more problems,
and “Even one war is too many”
Note: Ration
• Ration is a share of food, petrol etc.
allowed to one person for a period, esp
during a war or at a time of short supply.
口粮；给养；配给量
– The soldiers
were given
their ~s (of
food).
Note: K-rations (para.1)
• In WW2, the US
armed forces had
K-ration as an
emergency military
ration for use under
combat condition,
consisting of three separate package meals
each day. Another ration is called C-ration
which is canned ration (food or water) used
in the field.
Note: Axis powers (para.1)
• The alliance of Germany
and Italy formed before
and during the WW2,
later extended to include
Japan and other
countries.轴心国
← Adolf Hitler (1889-1945)
Language Points
• run (para.1): pass into a condition
– Our supply of coal is ~ning low.
– The reservoir ran dry.
– We’re beginning to ~ short of money.
– Money is beginning to ~ short.
– Differences between the two sides ~ deep.
– Since their parents divorced those
children have been ~ning wild.
Language Points
• …have it that (para.1):
– Word has it that she’s married several
years ago. (=it is said that…)
– Legend has it that all the world is a stage.
– Rumor has it that he was killed in a raid
in the local area. 谣传说他在当地的一次
袭击中被杀害。
– Report has it that the beetles have now
virtually disappeared.
Language Points
• odds (para.1): the probability that
something will or will not happen
– The ~ are that she will get the nomination
on the first ballot.
– The ~ are against us in the match because
our best player is ill.
• shed blood (para.1): to cause wounding
or, esp. killing
– They wanted to bring down the government,
but without ~ding blood.
Sentence Highlight
• My situation is grim and the odds of winning,
or even surviving, seem unlikely. (para.1)
• My situation is worrying and the chance of
winning, or even surviving, is very slim.
• More blood has been shed and my body
simply cannot take it. (para.1)
• … I am unable to make myself believe and
accept that so many people have been killed.
Sentence Highlight
• Turmoil (para.1): a state of great
disturbance, confusion or uncertainty
– The country was in ~.
• … it will make the children feel like
their fathers made a difference. (pa.1)
• … it will make the children understand
that their fathers contributed greatly to
the world by laying down their lives.
Language Points
• Ragtag group of soldiers (para.2)
• a group of soldiers who are untidy,
disorganized or incongruously varied in
character
• Ragtag and
bobtail 各色
人等
Language Points
• Warfare (para.2): <U> engagement in
or the activities involved in war or
conflict
• Take precaution (para.2): to do
everything that is necessary to avoid
danger or risk
– The accident would never have occurred
if they had ~n precaution.
– We have ~n all the precautions we can
against the painting being stolen.
Language Points
• fall apart (para.2)
– You look like you’re going to ~ apart.
– When she learned of her mother’s death,
she fell apart immediately.
• strike a …note (para.2)
– His new book strikes a warning ~ against
government overspending.
– His speech struck just the right ~.
Language Points
• strike a…note: to express the stated
feeling or message; to express a
particular feeling or attitude
– strike a happy/cheerful/cautious note
• strike a balance (between something)
• strike it rich: to suddenly make a lot of
money
• strike home: if something that you say
strikes home, it has exactly the effect
on someone that you intended
Language Points
• Enrage (para.2)
– He was ~d by the murder of his brother
that he decided to find the killer himself.
– All the Chinese are ~d by Sharon Stone’s
ignorant remark on Wenchuan earthquake.
– Adam’s refusal to work overtime ~d his
boss.
• no excuse for (para.2)
– There is no ~ for that sort of behavior.
– He had no ~ for being so late.
Language Points
• Strew (para.2): to scatter things around a
large area
– The table was strewn with books and papers.
– The year was strewn with numerous pitfalls.
这一年里危机重重。
• Tattered (para.2): badly torn
– He produced a tattered envelope from his
pocket.
– There was an old woman in ~ clothes.
– Her clothes were in tatters. 她的衣服破旧不堪。
Sentence Highlights
• I fell apart inside and broke into tears. (para.2)
• I was emotionally disturbed (I missed my
family so much) and broke out crying.
• A saying I once heard strikes a painful note in
my head, “Even one war is too many.” (para. 2)
• I suddenly recalled a saying I once heard that
made me very painful, “We can’t afford even
one war.”
Sentence Highlights
• The person who said it had a valid
point. (para.2)
• The person who said it spoke the
truth.
• Never have I been so enraged at my
fellowman. (para.2)
• I have never been so enraged at any
person as I am now at this man.
Comprehension
• When and under what circumstance do you
think the last entry was written?
• Possibly written before the author was killed
by the Nazi soldier who was inspecting the
trench.
• What is this entry about?
• It is like picture-taking with the focus shifting
from the approaching death on the
battlefield to the author’s envisioned peace
at home.
Comprehension
• Look at these snapshots:
– Nazi troops’ invasion into their location
– the author’s vision of lying in his own bed at
home, waiting for Christmas
– his feeling of being close to death
– his vision of his daughters at home
– a Nazi soldier’s footsteps coming in his
direction
– his last wish to get his diary back home
Comprehension
• What is the author’s last question?
What does that last word mean?
• “Why?”
– Why do human beings start this mad war?
– Why should I join the war?
– Why must I be killed before I return to my
home?
• The author is questioning the sensibility
of war. This entry ends abruptly possibly
with the end of his life.
Language Points
• surface (entry 3) <v.>
– Doubts are beginning to ~ about whether
the right decision has been made.
– A rumor has ~d that the company is about
to get out of business.
• like mad (entry 3)
– She’s been saving like ~ because she
wants to buy a car.
– I had to run like ~ to catch the bus.
Language Points
• Fiery (entry 3)：
– The leaves have turned ~ red in autumn.
(=very red or orange, and looking like fire)
– He has a ~ temper. (=becoming angry or
excited very quickly)
– His ~ speech ignited the audience.
(=showing or encouraging anger or
excitement)
– This dish has a ~ taste. (=very strong,
making part of your body feel hot 辣的)
Language Points
• Engulf (entry 3)
– The flames rapidly ~ed the house.
– Northern areas of the country were ~ed by/in a
snowstorm last night.
– The war is threatening to ~ the entire region.
• Panicking (entry 3) <v.>
– The crowd panicked and stampeded for the exit.
– He ran to the library in a blind panic. <n.>
Cf: Movie traffic flows towards that street. <n.>
– Rumor has it that he trafficked in cocaine. <v.>
Language Points
• aglow (entry 3): having a soft light, or
a strong, warm colour
– The evening sky was still ~.
– Linda's face was ~ with happiness.
• Inspect (entry 3): to examine
– They ~ed the paintwork for cracks and
flaws.
– Customs officers came aboard to ~ our
documents.
Language Points
• shells (entry 3)→
• clear away
(closing remarks)
– I want you to ~ all
these toys away
before bedtime.
– He ~ed away and made coffee.
Language Points
• Doom (closing remarks): to make
someone or something certain to fail,
die, be destroyed etc
– Many species are ~ed to extinction.
– The plan was ~ed from the start.
– We are all ~ed to die in the end.
• doom and gloom: when there seems
to be no hope for the future
Language Points
• The doomed battle site (closing remarks)
• A site is an area of ground on which a
building or monument is constructed.
– We visited the site of the Battle of the
Waterloo yesterday. 滑铁卢战役旧址
• My hiding spot (entry 3)：a particular
place or area
• A spot is a particular place or point.
– This is the spot where the accident happened.
The pioneers of a warless
world are the youth that
refuse military service.
— Albert Einstein
Thank you!
Lesson 3: Overview
•
•
•
•
•
Duty report
Paraphrase & word review
Translation exercises
Passage dictation
Oral activities
Duty Report
• Survey on Diary
• Metonymy
• Adolf Hitler
Metonymy: a change of name
• He was not the man who let his heart rule
his head.heart for “feelings”; head for “sanity”
• He reads Shakespeare.
“the works of Shakespeare”
• Would you care for a cup of Longjing?
“Longjing tea”
• I saw him out with a skirt. “a woman”
• Our Sony worked well. “a Sony product”
Synecdoche
• Great minds think alike. minds = people
• My TV is out of order. TV = part of TV
• All the wit and learning of the world were
assembled there.
(=the wise and learned scholars)
• There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape
in the character of a Frenchman.
(the tiger=ferocity; the ape=shrewdness)
Allusion 引喻
• These audiences have been joined by the
Pepsi Generation, which sees but does
not believe.
这些观众中还有喝百事可乐的这一代年轻
人，他们连亲眼目睹的事都不信。
• If I am late again, the boss will raise Cain.
如果我再迟到，老板就要大发雷霆了。
Antonomasia 换称
• He is the Soloman of his age.
他是当时的大圣贤。
• His Waterloo is a woman.
他的惨败是因为一个女人。
• Our village Hercules has come.
我们村的大力士来了。
• He is Sherlock Holmes the second.
他是福尔摩斯再世。
Paraphrase the underlined part.
• If it would have been some strangers’
corpses that I had seen I might have taken
it lighter. (Entry 1)
• … I might have felt less sad.
• Couldn’t those men see that what they
received was a one-way ticket to
death.(Entry 1)
• …they were doomed to die.
Paraphrase the underlined part.
• I was suddenly knocked into a trench and
able to be undetected by… (Entry 1)
• I was suddenly thrown into a trench by a
great force and thus avoided being
discovered by …
• I hope the garden that they planted is
growing. (Entry 1)
• I hope those things they planted in the
garden are growing.
Paraphrase the underlined part.
• My situation is grim and the odds of
winning, or even surviving, seem unlikely.
(Entry 2)
• My situation is worrying and the chance of
winning, or even surviving, is very slim.
• More blood has been shed and my body
simply cannot take it. (Entry 2)
• … I am unable to make myself believe and
accept that so many people have been
killed.
Paraphrase the underlined part.
• … it will make the children feel like their
fathers made a difference. (Entry 2)
• … it will make the children understand that
their fathers contributed greatly to the world
by laying down their lives.
• I fell apart inside and broke into tears.
(para.2)
• I was emotionally disturbed (I missed my
family so much) and broke out crying.
Paraphrase the underlined part.
• A saying I once heard strikes a painful note
in my head, “Even one war is too many.”
(Entry 2)
• I suddenly recalled a saying I once heard
that made me very painful, “We can’t afford
even one war.”
• The person who said it had a valid point.
(Entry 2)
• The person who said it spoke the truth.
Paraphrase the underlined part.
• Never have I been so enraged at my
fellowman. (Entry 2)
• I have never been so enraged at any
person as I am now at this man.
• I think we have a spy in our regiment
because the nightmare has surfaced again.
(Entry 3)
• …has appeared again.
Word & Idiom Review
• The odds
o____ against being killed in a
plane crash are very high.
• The fake painting was spotted
s______ by a
New York art dealer.
• Our supply of coal is running
r______ low.
• Completely out
o__ of
__ blue
_____, she got a
letter from her long-lost cousin in New
York.
Word Review
• If you refuse to provide any information
of the user, then your computer
doomed to failure.
program is d______
• An almost unbearable loneliness
e_______
engulfed her.
Civilians are strictly forbidden from
• C______
entering that area.
• Food prices soared in the a_______
aftermath of
the drought.
Replace the underlined word with
a synonym learned in Unit 9.
• The flowers were sent by an anonymous
admirer.
unknown
• What are the probability of finding a odds
parking space right outside the door?
• The court found him guiltless and he was
innocent
released.
• The front room was scattered with books
and clothes
strewn
Replace the underlined word with
a synonym learned in Unit 9.
• Famine was the immediate result of the
drought.
aftermath
• The refugees slept in temporary tents at the
makeshift
side of the road.
• The dead body was found by children
playing in the woods. corpse
ignorant
• He was unaware of the hidden dangers.
• Her expression was serious and unpleasant.
grim
Word Derivation
• It was all the fault of that hateful
______ (hate) man!
• It was difficult to return to _______(civil)
life
civilian
after ten years in the military.
engulfed
• The flat is ________(gulf)
in flames.
• Dr Subroto questioned the scientific
__________
assumption (assume) on which the global
warming theory is based.
• The night skies will be _____
aglow (glow) with
fireworks.
Word Derivation
bombarded (bomb) by the press
• I've been __________
and television since I came back from
Norway.
• It is better to ___
err (error) on the side of
mercy. 宁可失之过于怜悯。
dedication (dedicate) to the job.
• I admire his ________
• Such things should not be allowed to
happen in a _______
civilized (civilian) society.
Complete the sentence with an
idiom learned in Unit 9.
with__
an__
air__
of amusement.
• He regarded her ___
precautions to prevent the spread
• Vets took
___ _________
of the disease.
out__
of ___
the
• A long-unseen friend appeared __
_____
blue at her wedding ceremony.
• She bent down and ______
scooped __
up the little dog.
• Exercise has made
____ a_ difference
________in her health.
Rumor __
has__
it that Jean's getting married
• R____
again.
Complete the sentence with an
idiom learned in Unit 9.
a one-way
ticket to doom and is
• Smoking is _
______ _____
probably the most important single
preventable cause of heart disease.
• Before his first round of discussions, Mr.
note
Baker struck/sounded
s___________ an
__ optimistic ____.
blood has already been _____
shed
• Too much ______
in this conflict.
enraged __
at his stupidity.
• She was e_____
Sentence Translation
•
•
•
He was assigned to a
succession of low-profile
army jobs.
Hudson had assigned a
detective to case the pawnbrokers(当铺老板).
The company
commander(连长) assigned
me to stand guard.
• 他被指派担任
一系列默默无
闻的陆军职务。
• 哈德森指派一
名侦探去侦察
那些当铺老板。
• 连长派我去站
岗。
Sentence Translation
• Before each debate, he
is expected to engage in
mock debate.
• He has engaged a
lawyer to argue his case
in court.
• 他们正谈得起劲，没有
看见我。
• 他聘请我来为他管帐。
• 在每次正式辩论前，
他得先参加模拟辩论。
• 他已经聘请了一名律
师出庭为他辩护。
• Engaged in
conversation, they
did not see me.
• He engaged me to
manage his money.
Sentence Translation
• She scooped up the
money John had left the
desk.
• 他一把捞起地板上的书。
• The boy picked up the
pebbles with a scoop of
his hand.
• 那妇女从小床中抱起婴
儿。
• 她一把捞起约翰留
在桌上的钱。
• He scooped his
books up off the
floor.
• 那个男孩用手抄起
一把鹅卵石。
• The woman
scooped the baby
out of its cot/crib.
Sentence Translation
• He took the precaution of
swallowing two sea
sickness tablets.
• It makes a world of
difference whether
precautions are taken or
not.
• 为了自身安全，期望员工
们采取合理的预防措施。
• 他吞了两片晕船药
以预防不适。
• 是否采取预防措施
是大不一样的。
• Staff are expected
to take reasonable
precautions for
their own safety.
Sentence Translation
• In their efforts to reduce
crime the government
expanded the police force.
• 为了省钱，公司裁减了150
名工人。
• The UN General
Secretary flew to Iran in
an effort to save the
peace talk.
• 为了减肥，她每天早晨在
公园慢跑。
• 政府扩充警力以减少
犯罪。
• The company has laid
off 150 workers in an
effort to save money.
• 联合国秘书长飞抵伊
朗以挽救和谈。
• She's jogging round
the park every
morning in an ~ to
lose weight.
Sentence Translation
• When you are learning to
drive, having a good
teacher makes a big
difference.
• Putting up some new
wallpaper has made all
the difference to the room
• 我不喜欢那幢房子，但新
家具往里一放，情况就完
全变了。
• 在你学习驾驶期
间，有一名好教
官会非常重要。
• 贴上一些新墙纸
使得房间大为改
观。
• I hate the house
but the new
furniture made all
the difference.
Sentence Translation
• Rumor has it that
Jean's getting married
again.
• Rumor has it (that)
you‘re going to be the
next managing
director(执行董事). Is
it true?
• 谣传她和总经理关系暧
昧。
• 听说他又被炒鱿鱼了。
• 谣传吉恩又要结婚了。
• 听说你就要成为下一任
执行董事人选了，是真
的吗？
• Rumor has it that she
is having an affair with
the general manager.
• Rumor has it that he
was sacked from his
last job.
Sentence Translation
• His resignation came
right out of the ~.
• Her mother's death came
as a bolt out of the ~.
• One day, out of the ~, the
actress announced that
she was going to marry
the director.
• 她突然打电话给我。
• 他的辞职完全出乎
意料。
• 母亲的去世对她来
说无异于晴天霹雳。
• 一天，那名女演员
突然宣布她要嫁给
导演。
• She phoned me
out of the blue.
Translation (Page 125)
• 他抱起小男孩，逃离了大火。(scoop up)
• He ~ed up the little boy and ran from the
fire.
• 老板派我去检查全部出厂货物的质量。
(assign)
• The boss ~ed me to check the quality of
all the goods leaving the factory.
Translation (Page 125)
• 我们已经采取了一切措施防止那幅油画
被盗。(take precautions)
• We have taken all the ~s we can
against the painting being stolen.
• 那家公司正出售他们的一些大楼以积攒
资金。(in an effort to)
• The company is selling off some of its
buildings in an ~ to accumulate capital.
Translation (Page 125)
• 学驾驶时，如有一位好教员指导，效果
大不相同。(make a difference)
• When you are learning to drive, having
a good teacher makes a difference.
• 谣传他在当地的一次袭击中被人杀害。
(rumour has it that)
• Rumour has it that he was killed in a
raid in the local area.
Translation (Page 125)
• 亚当拒绝加班，这使他的老板极为恼火。
(enrage)
• Adam’s refusal to work overtime ~d his
boss.
• 在那次晚会上一位老朋友突然出现，令
我惊喜不已。(out of the blue)
• I was pleasantly surprised to see an old
friend who appeared at the party out of
the ~.
Passage Dictation
My Berlin diary for December 2 / was limited to four
words. / "Only three more days!" / The Foreign Office / was
still holding up / my passport and exit visa, / which worried
me. / I had to get my passport / and official permission to
leave / on December 5. /
There was one other thing to do. / For weeks / I had
thought over / how to get my diaries safely / out of Berlin. /
At some moments / I had thought / I ought to destroy them
before leaving. / There was enough in them / to get me
hanged. /
The morning I got my passport and exit visa / I realized
I had less than twenty-four hours / to figure out a way / of
getting my Berlin diaries out. / I again thought of destroying
them, / but I wanted very much to keep them, / if I could. /
Suddenly, / later that morning, / the solution became clear. /
It was risky, / but it was worth a try.
Thank you!
The purpose of all war is peace.