Transcript The Influence of Neighboring Cultures on Japan

The Influence of
Neighboring Cultures on
Japan
Chapter 20
Created by, Mr. Goldstein
Modified by, Mr. Amster
Table of Contents








Objectives
Geography Challenge
Some Key Vocabulary
Reading the Chapter
More Key Vocabulary
Reading Notes
Re-Building Nara
Study Guide Notes
Objectives for this unit



Work on note taking skills
Do your best and forget the rest
You must take notes, but do not worry they
will be posted to Edline later.

This does not excuse you from taking the notes.
It is a skill you will need for the rest of your lives.
Agenda




Introduce New Unit: Japan!
Read: Setting the Stage (pg 216)
Some Key Vocabulary
Geography Challenge




Row 1 – Start at Question #1
Row 2 – Start at Question #3
Row 3/4 – Start at Question #6
HW: Finish your Geography Challenge
IW: Create a BIG Venn diagram comparing the Geography
of Japan and China
MINI-TEST MONDAY

Some Key Vocabulary

Elements of Culture – objects, ideas, and customs of a particular
culture.

Cultural Diffusion – the spread of cultural elements from one society
to another.

Regent – one who rules in the name of another.

Uji – chief of a clan.

Imperial – belonging or related to an emperor.

Shinto – the original religion of Japan. It expresses the love and
respect of the Japanese for nature and the culture.

Meditation – a spiritual discipline that involves deep relaxation and an
emptying of distracting thoughts from the mind.

Syllable – a unit of sound in a word. For example, unit has syllables,
“u” and “nit.”

Pagoda – a tower shaped structure with several stories and roofs.
Let’s Get Activated

What did the surrounding seas provide Japan?

Where more people live in Japan? Why
Agenda


Activator
Go Over Geography Challenge



More Key Vocabulary
Read 20.1 – 20.11 (pg 219 – 227) TWICE


Hand in afterwards
Take notes on each section that identifies the
main point and two key facts.
HW: Finish Reading and Taking Notes

Create note cards for all of the vocabulary
More Key Vocabulary

Prince Shotoku – Regent under Empress Suiko, who came to power in 593
CE. Helped to create a centralized government. Borrowed ideas from China.

Sheng (China)/Sho (Japan) – Wind Instrument.

Tanka – A Japanese form of poetry. 31 syllables, divided into five lines of 5, 7,
5, 7, and 7 syllables.

Stupa – Featured shrines

Kami – Worship spirits in the Shinto religion. Represented by natural objects
such as wind, lightning, rivers, mountains, waterfalls, large trees, and unusual
stones.

Kanji – Chinese Writing

Kana – “Borrowed letters,” or simplifying Chinese characters to stand for
syllables.

Mahayana Buddhism – “Greater Vehicle.” A form of Buddhism with core
beliefs that state that all people can enter nirvana (somewhat like heaven).

Nara – Capital city of Japan starting in 710 CE. ~8 sq miles and had no more
than 200,000 people
Let’s Get Activated
Match the Main Point to the Key Fact
1.
Influence from India, China,
and Korea
2.
Government
3.
City Design
4.
Religion
5.
Language
6.
Poetry
7.
Art/Sculpture
8.
Architecture
9.
Music
A.
Gagaku
B.
Circle of Life, Shinto
C.
Preferred using wood
D.
Cultural Diffusion
E.
3, 5, 7, 9
F.
Checkerboard pattern
G.
Devoted to love and nature
H.
17th Article Constitution
I.
Ancient Japanese is only
spoken
Agenda



Activator
Basic Meditation
Play Matching Game


If you finish early


Fill in your reading notes
Read Quietly
HW: Finish your reading notes
Steps to Meditation

Sit and Stand (next to your desk) in a comfortable
position

Make sure you have good posture.

Straighten your back.

Rest your hands in a comfortable position

Clear your mind of all excess thoughts, just think about
your best memory (focus on one thought/goal).

Breath slowly and quietly

MOST IMPORTANTLY: Relax and Let Go
Let’s Get Activated

Tanka

Kanji

Kana

Meditation

Uji

Stupa
Agenda



Activator
Hand in your Reading Notes (37,38 STAPLED!)
Work in groups of 3 on Assessment 10



Names must be on the top right
Individually: fill in Assessment 9
HW: Finish Assessment 9
Re-Building Nara (Assessment 10)
Pretend you are part of Japan’s Chamber of Commerce and have been asked to
create a map and travel guide for visitors about the new Japanese capital of
Nara. Plan and sketch your guide.
Your guide must mention how neighboring cultures influenced the way the city
looks. Your map must include

Colorful

Map Key and Compass

(IF DOING A GUIDE) The neighboring countries that influenced the building of Nara.

The layout of the city (Check Chapter 20 for hints).

Important religious buildings.


Include residential areas and political building
Include CURRENT EVENTS that might be going on your Nara. (Creativity +
Accuracy = Higher Score)
Graded based on Book Accuracy, Creativity, Details, and Neatness
Let’s Get Activated

Prince Shotoku

Sheng/Sho

Mahayana Buddhism

Nara

Shinto/Kami

Pagoda
Agenda





Activator
Hand in your Assessment 9
Watching the PowerPoint and Note Taking!
Extra Time: Finish Assessment 10 or Review
HW: Finish Study Guide for Homework
(It is on Edline)
Study for Test Monday
Who influenced Japan?



China
Korea
India
India
What is culture?


Culture is the way of life for a group of
people.
Elements of Culture:






Religion
Food
Music
Literature
Art
Government
How does culture spread?


Cultural Diffusion
The spread of cultural
elements from one
society to another.
Overview

Japan was influenced in:








Government
City Design
Religion
Writing
Literature
Sculpture
Architecture
Music
Prince Shotoku


Leader of Japan in late 500’s
Supported Cultural Diffusion



Allowed visitors from neighbors
Sent officials to China
Result:

Japan’s culture became a mix of foreign and
domestic (from home) ideas.
Pop Quiz

How much influence did China, India and
Korea have on Japan?

A) None
B) A Little
C) A Lot
D) Japan was a carbon copy of China



Influence on Government

Adopted Meritocracy from China.

Used Confucian ranks

17 Article Constitution


Taika Reforms



Emperor is supreme ruler
Emperor controls all lands
Uji lost control of clans
Difference:

Aristocracy used over merit!
Influence on City Design

Capital city of Nara

Similar to Chang’an




Checkerboard pattern
Wide boulevards
Imperial palaces surrounded by
Buddhist temples
Differences:


Smaller
No Wall
Pop Quiz

In what way did Japan reject the Chinese
style of government?

A) Nobles remained in control.
B) Scholars had to take an exam.
C) The Emperor choose the best candidates.
D) Foreigners were promoted.



Japan’s Religion: Shinto


Love & respect for nature
Belief in spirits = Kami



Purify unclean


Wind
Mountains
Disease
Celebrate life & nature’s beauty
Influence on Religion

Buddhism


Began in India in 500’s
Siddhartha Gautama



Circle of rebirth
Follow Eightfold Path



“Buddha”
Mediation
Seek Enlightenment
Reach Nirvana

State of Peace with the Universe
Buddhism Spreads to Japan

Mahayana Buddhism


Bodhisattvas



All people can reach
Nirvana
Reach Enlightenment
Help others reach
Nirvana
Blended with Shinto


Shinto = Joyful
Buddhism = Suffering
Pop Quiz

How did Japan remain focused on nature?

A) Bonsai trees were made the official plant.
B) Shinto was combined with Buddhism.
C) Mahayana called for Bodhisattvas.
D) All shrines would have an “eco-friendly”
domed roof.



Influence on Writing


Japanese has no written language
Used Chinese Characters




Kanji: Symbolize Japanese words
Does not sound correct
Kana: Symbolize Japanese syllables
Spell out the correct sounds
Influence on Literature



Poetry called Tanka
Modeled from
Chinese
Syllable Count


5,7,5,7,7
About love & nature
Influence on Sculpture


Inspired by Buddhism
Borrowed ideas from Asia



India = Stone
Korea = Bronze
Japanese used Wood
Pop Quiz

Which Japanese word means “borrowed
letters” referring to simplified Chinese
characters that were used to represent
Japanese syllables.

A) Kami
B) Kanji
C) Kana
D) Kamikaze



Influence on Architecture

Temple designs

India = Stupa


Bell shaped roof
China/Japan = Pagoda


Curved roof, many stories
Tower-like
Influence on Music

Early Japanese Music

Chanted poems, war & folk songs, prayers
Few notes
String, flute & percussion instruments

Gagaku comes from China!




New instruments like the Sheng
Called Sho by Japanese

Organ that imitated Phoenix call
Pop Quiz

What is the purpose of a pagoda?

A) Home
B) Business
C) Temple
D) Government Office



Questions?
Agenda

Review



Optional Meditation
Mini Test
HW: Reading Chapter 21