Technology

3D Printing

July 17, 2014 © Robert G Parker & UWCISA V-3 S - 1

Technology

Potential/Eventual Impact of 3D Printing on Business Traditional Cut, drill, bend, grind smooth materials Large inventories Large inventories Large inventories High cost of entry in manufacturing July 17, 2014 3D Printing

Build from powdered materials Less inventory product built to order fewer raw materials Less cost to Finance smaller inventory Less cost to Insure smaller inventory

Lower cost of entry © Robert G Parker & UWCISA Change

Less raw materials, less waste, less environmental impact Less cost to Finance inventory Less revenue & profits for banks Less revenue & profits for Insurance Companies

Increased competition V-3 S - 2

Technology

Potential/Eventual Impact of 3D Printing on Business Traditional 3D Printing Change Skilled Workers

Increased Automation Fewer workers, less payroll costs

Skilled workers Anticipated worker shortage High cost to change products

Automation and robotics Automation and robotics Product changes can be scanned and changed almost immediately Less training and retraining costs Less or no worker shortage Lower cost & more frequent changes & improvements

July 17, 2014 © Robert G Parker & UWCISA V-3 S - 3

Technology

Rio Tinto – The Future is Already Here

The autonomous trucks navigate in the complex mining environment and can haul a 320-U.S.-ton payload of overburden and ore without a driver. At the West Angelas Mine, the trucks are operated and controlled entirely using a supervisory computer at an operations center. In the future, the trucks will be controlled 24 hours a day from a remote operations center located more than 1,000 km (621 mi) away in Perth Key to the trucks' success is their ability to operate 24 hours a day . (Turns out humans, who need to sleep and use the bathroom and stuff, are really inefficient.) overseeing robots!

The dump trucks, which communicate wirelessly, navigate using a very precise GPS and can autonomously detect obstacles. They can avoid other vehicles or follow behind them, and are linked to a computer in charge of supervising their actions. next step? Rio Tinto is currently testing autonomous drills.

Robots This is the type of job that is ideal for robots to take over from humans: the work is tedious, exhausting, and dangerous. The July 17, 2014 © Robert G Parker & UWCISA V-3 S - 4

In 2013, the 2014 Mercedes S-Class will have the option of autonomous steering, and lane guidance , acceleration/braking driver fatigue detection , parking , accident avoidance , , in both city traffic and highway speeds of up to 124 miles (200 km) per hour.

In 2013, the 2014 BMW i3 will autonomously steer, accelerate and brake in traffic jams at up to 25 miles (40 km) per hour. By 2014, Volvo expects vehicles that can be autonomous at up to 31 miles (50 km) per hour, with expected use in heavy traffic. By 2014, Israeli technology. company Mobileye expects to release semi-autonomous car Less inventory product By 2015, Audi plans to market vehicles that can autonomously steer, accelerate and brake at lower speeds, such as in traffic jams. By 2015, Cadillac plans vehicles with "super cruise": autonomous steering, braking and lane guidance By 2015, Nissan expects to sell vehicles with autonomous steering, braking, lane guidance, throttle, gear shifting, and, as permitted by law, unoccupied self-parking after passengers exit. By 2016, Tesla expects to develop technology that behaves autonomously for 90 percent of distance driven.

July 17, 2014 © Robert G Parker & UWCISA V-3 S - 5

Technology

Potential/Eventual Impact of Self Driving Vehicles

Robotics will eliminate much of the dangerous, boring, and tedious work. Self driving cars and cars with driving assist will make our commutes much safer and ultimately even more productive Driving assist from lane change assistance to parallel parking are common options on many of today’s automobiles. Fully self-driving vehicles are starting to appear, although those states that have legislation governing their use all require someone to sit behind the steering wheel ready to assume control should the computers encounter difficulties. One of society’s first challenges: dealing with the displacement of inefficient workers. However, don’t expect to see trucks without onboard drivers traversing the highways of North America anytime soon. That will probably be over a decade away. However, we should be prepared.

July 17, 2014 © Robert G Parker & UWCISA V-3 S - 6

Technology - Robots

Potential/Eventual Impact of Self Driving Cars on Accidents In May of this year (2014), the U.S. Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) released a study that underscores the high economic toll and societal impact of motor vehicle crashes in the United States. The price tag for crashes comes at a staggering $871 billion in economic loss and societal harm. This includes $277 billion in economic costs – nearly $900 for each person living in the United States based on calendar year 2010 data — and $594 billion in harm from the loss of life and the pain and decreased quality of life due to injuries.

The US Economy is $17.15 Trillion. Automobile Accidents Cost $871 Billion or 4% of GDP

July 17, 2014 © Robert G Parker & UWCISA V-3 S - 7

Technology

Potential/Eventual Impact of Self Driving Cars on Accidents Traditional Self Driving Change Auto Property Insurance Claims Health Care Auto Body Repair Automobile Industry July 17, 2014

Fewer if any accidents Fewer if any injuries and deaths Less damaged cars, less work Less Written –off or Damaged Vehicles

© Robert G Parker & UWCISA

Fewer claims adjusters, fewer claims paid, less workers, less payroll costs less facilities costs, higher unemployment Significantly less BI claims, less hospitalization overall health care premiums reduces Higher unemployment, many displaced workers A Scaling Back of Automobile Manufacturing

V-3 S - 8

Technology

Potential/Eventual Impact of Self Driving Cars on Accidents Change Traditional Banks and Other Financial Institutions Self Driving

Fewer new car purchased results in less vehicle financing

Policing

Less auto accident investigations and less driving infractions

Ambulance, Fire and First Responders

Fewer if any accidents, less crashes to attend Fewer banking staff engaged in automobile financing; resulting in less staff and less bank profits Less income tax paid Either less police or greater policing of crimes and there a reduction in overall crime.

Less traffic violation revenue Higher unemployment, displaced workers

July 17, 2014 © Robert G Parker & UWCISA V-3 S - 9

Technology

Potential/Eventual Impact of Self Driving Cars on Accidents Traditional Road Maintenance Self Driving

Less road damage and less clean-up

Change

Fewer road maintenance personnel required

Governments

Less law enforcement required.

Higher speed limits More efficient use on current infrastructure •

Themes: Higher Unemployment

• Government would incur less costs in maintaining the transport infrastructure

More efficient use of the transportation infrastructure

•

Less costs an significantly less government revenue July 17, 2014 © Robert G Parker & UWCISA V-3 S - 10

Robotics

Impact on Business and Society

Minimize or eliminate repetitive or dangerous tasks Enable previously impossible tasks and obtain different results Extended capabilities when “merged” with humans (exoskeletons) Need for employees with more technical skills and more scientific skills Need for significantly less workers

Risks and Impacts

Independent decision making capabilities (Autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles) – need to be able to assume control Higher unemployment Increased social problems as more of the population feels disenfranchised July 17, 2014 © Robert G Parker & UWCISA V-3 S - 11

Economy

July 17, 2014 Combined, they (Provincial and Local Governments) have been more indebted than the feds every year since 2002. They made little headway in reducing their debt during the extended economic boom of the last two decades. © Robert G Parker & UWCISA V-3 S - 12

Economy

July 17, 2014 © Robert G Parker & UWCISA V-3 S - 13

Economy

BC’s debt clock passes the $60-billion mark Canadian Taxpayers Federation has had enough and is calling for change

Anita Bathe January 2, 2014 11:53 am

RBC - $38,136 Billion at March 31, 2014 Ontario spends its revenue to service past debt; 9.2% of One Dollar in Every Ten July 17, 2014 © Robert G Parker & UWCISA V-3 S - 14