Transcript COMPUTER BASICS - Utah Education Network

COMPUTER BASICS
Module Review
After completing the Computer Basics
Terms Worksheet, use this presentation to
review any concepts you had questions on
or to check your answers to the worksheet.
On the next slide, click on the section button
that you would like to review. When you
have completed that section, click TOPIC to
go back to the choices. Click END when
you are finished reviewing for the test.
TOPICS
Select from the following topics:
Input and
Output
Computers
Memory and
Storage
Hardware/
Software
History
END
INPUT
 Examples of input include words or
symbols, pictures, temperature from a
thermometer, music or voice audio signals,
instructions from another computer
 Input devices include keyboard, scanners,
joystick
 Gathers information and transforms it into
a series of electronic signals for the
computer.
OUTPUT
 Examples of output from a computer
include reports, pictures, graphs, and
documents.
 Output devices include speakers, monitors,
and printers.
 Displays, prints or transmits the results of
processing.
 It is useful information that leaves the
system (processed information).
TOPICS
COMPUTERS
A computer and
its associated
storage devices
that are accessed
remotely over a
network by users
is a server.
COMPUTERS
A large, powerful,
expensive
computer system
capable of
accommodating
hundreds of users
doing a variety of
computing tasks is
a mainframe.
COMPUTERS
A personal
computer based on
a microprocessor is
a desktop
microcomputer.
COMPUTERS
The original design of
personal computers
was based on the IBM
PC design.
COMPUTERS
A device with a
keyboard, mouse
and system
components all
in one compact
unit is a laptop.
TOPICS
MEMORY
 RAM (Random Access Memory) is the main
memory and stores data and programs while the
computer is running. When the computer is turned
off anything in main memory disappears.
Computer can read from and write to this memory.
 ROM (Read Only Memory) is a computer chip
that stores specific instructions to manage the
computer’s operation. Unlike main memory, this
type of memory is non-volatile—the instructions
remain permanently on the chip and cannot be
changed.
MEMORY AND STORAGE
 BIT is the fundamental unit of information
with just two possible values (0 or 1)
 A sequence of adjacent bits (usually 8)
operated on as a unit by a computer is a
BYTE.
1,024 bytes
Kilobyte
1,024 kilobytes
Megabyte
1,024 megabytes
Gigabyte
1,024 gigabytes
Terabyte
STORAGE
 Hard Disk is a rigid magnetic disk mounted
permanently in a computer drive unit.
 A small plastic magnetic disk enclosed in a stiff
envelope with a radial slit is a floppy disk.
 Zip disk is a magnetic disk storage device that has
more capacity than a floppy disk. (Not used much)
 CD-ROM is a compact disk that functions as a
read-only memory.
HANDLING DISKS/FILES
 Write-protected is used to modify (file or disk) so
that its data cannot be edited or erased.
 Format is used to prepare a disk for use on a
specific type of drive by imprinting the disk with
the information it needs to work in that particular
kind of drive. Make sure you know what you are
doing when you format a disk, because everything
on the disk will be erased.
Processor speed is
measured by
MegaHertz (MHz)
TOPICS
HARDWARE
Hardware is the electronic
and mechanical peripheral
devices that make up a
computer.
The stuff you can touch!
HARDWARE
Hardware is the electronic
and mechanical peripheral
devices that make up a
computer.
The stuff you can touch!
HARDWARE
 The central processing
unit (CPU) is the
“brains” of the computer
which is housed on a tiny
silicon chip. This is
where the mathematical
calculations and logical
comparisons are done.
HARDWARE
Pentium is the name
given to Intel’s P5
chip, the successor to
the 80486.
SOFTWARE
Program is a series of
commands and
executable files that
produce an expected
result.
SOFTWARE
Operating system software is a type
of software that provides an interface
between the user or application
software and the computer hardware.
Application software is a type of
software program that performs a
specific function such as
presentations (i.e. PowerPoint, Word,
Excel, etc.)
SOFTWARE
A computer interface that enables
a user to launch commands by
pointing and clicking at graphical
objects such as windows, icons,
and menu items is GUI
(Graphical User Interface)
ICON is an image that represents
an executable file.
TOPICS
HISTORY
Charles Babbage invented
the difference machine.
Grace Hopper coined the
term debugging as she
found a moth was causing
the computer relay to not
work.
HISTORY
Bill Gates’ system (i.e.
Windows) and application
(i.e. Microsoft Office)
software is what made him
rich.
Steve Jobs and Steve
Wozniak were two creators of
Apple Corporation.
TOPICS
Are you ready
for the test now?
Good luck!