Transcript Vegetative Morphology Lab

Vegetative
Morphology of Fruit
and Nut Crops
HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut
Production
The Tree
HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut
Production
Fruiting wood
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Shoot type: long (bourse) vs. short (spurs)
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Flower Bud Position: lateral Vs. terminal
HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut
Production
Spur branch

Short lateral branches
in which the
internodes are
extremely short,
bringing several
leaves close together
in any given year and
potentially many leaf
scars close together
over several years.
HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut
Production
HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut
Production
Flower Bud Initiation
When does it occur?
Why is this important?
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Most initiate the summer before fruiting
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–
–
–
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Apple, pear
Peach, plum, cherry
Persimmon
Blackberry, blueberry
Some initiate same year as fruit
– Fig, 2nd crop
– Quince
– Strawberries
HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut
Production
Bud types

Leaf versus flower bud
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Simple, Mixed, & Compound
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Simple buds
HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut
Production
Stem Morphology
HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut
Production
Bud types

Mixed Buds = contain
floral and vegetative
primordia
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Compound Buds =
formed by multiple
buds
HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut
Production
Leaf Morphology
HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut
Production
Leaf Morphology
HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut
Production
Leaf Morphology
Leaf glands on Prunus
HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut
Production
Reproductive Type
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Perfect or hermaphroditic
– Peach, apple, blackberry
HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut
Production
Reproductive Type
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Imperfect flowers - Heterogamous
– Monoecious, pecan, walnut
– Dioecious, kiwi, pistachio, persimmon
HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut
Production
Laboratory Procedure
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Examine vegetative samples of fruit and nut
crops
Answer questions on work sheets
Press samples for notebooks
– Label with name & mount next week (8 pts)
Turn in worksheets to lab assistant for grading
(17 pts)
Put fruit sensory evaluation data in notebook
HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut
Production
Things to learn from this lab

Proper terminology

ID all fruit and nut
samples
– Common and scientific
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Reproductive types
– Perfect Vs. Imperfect
– Monoecious Vs. Dioecious
– Protogynous Vs.
Protandrous
Know fruiting habits
– When, type, position
– Why important?
HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut
Production