Transcript Chapter 14
Chapter 14 Assessment of Development Robert J. Drummond and Karyn Dayle Jones Assessment Procedures for Counselors and Helping Professionals, 6 th edition Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Overview • Approximately 17% of individuals in the United States 18 years and younger have a developmental disability. • Developmental disabilities are a diverse group of severe chronic conditions that are due to mental and/or physical impairments. • Disabilities can include impairments in language, mobility, learning, selfhelp, and independent living. • Developmental disabilities begin anytime during development up to 22 years of age and usually last throughout a person’s lifetime. Robert J. Drummond and Karyn Dayle Jones Assessment Procedures for Counselors and Helping Professionals, 6 th edition Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Examples of Developmental Disabilities • • • • • • Autism spectrum disorders Cerebral palsy Hearing loss Mental retardation Vision impairment Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Robert J. Drummond and Karyn Dayle Jones Assessment Procedures for Counselors and Helping Professionals, 6 th edition Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Developmental Assessment • Assessment can be a valuable tool in the screening, diagnosis, placement, program planning, and evaluation of programs. • Developmental assessment needs to focus on both the client and the client’s environment. • Client’s significant individuals (parents, guardians, teachers, spouses, friends, and relatives) may participate in the assessment process. Robert J. Drummond and Karyn Dayle Jones Assessment Procedures for Counselors and Helping Professionals, 6 th edition Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Developmental assessment focuses on these characteristics: • • • • • Normality of client functioning Family, school, or work functioning Physical, psychological, and emotional health Expectations of the client and significant others Current educational, social, and psychological needs Robert J. Drummond and Karyn Dayle Jones Assessment Procedures for Counselors and Helping Professionals, 6 th edition Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Domains Domains common to developmental assessment instruments across the life span: • Communication skills: verbal and nonverbal, receptive and expressive, listening and comprehension • Cognitive skills: reasoning, thinking, memory; basic achievement in reading, writing, and mathematics; problem solving • Physical development: general growth; motor and sensory; balance, locomotion, walking • Emotional development: temperament, adjustment, emotional expression, self-concept, attitudes Robert J. Drummond and Karyn Dayle Jones Assessment Procedures for Counselors and Helping Professionals, 6 th edition Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. • Social development: peer and family relationships, friendships, interpersonal relationships • Self-care skills: basic self-care needs such as drinking, eating, toileting, dressing • Independent living skills: functioning independently in the home and community, including clothing care, cooking, transportation, shopping, money management • Work habits and adjustment skills: working independently, maintaining proper work habits, working with employers and employees, seeking and keeping jobs • Adjustment problems: aggression, hyperactivity, acting out, withdrawal, delinquency, stress, depression Robert J. Drummond and Karyn Dayle Jones Assessment Procedures for Counselors and Helping Professionals, 6 th edition Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Methods of Assessment • • • • direct testing naturalistic observation interviewing of parents, teachers, or guardians multiple measures Robert J. Drummond and Karyn Dayle Jones Assessment Procedures for Counselors and Helping Professionals, 6 th edition Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. General Batteries • Developmental Indicators for the Assessment of Learning • Battelle Developmental Inventory • Denver Developmental Screening Test Robert J. Drummond and Karyn Dayle Jones Assessment Procedures for Counselors and Helping Professionals, 6 th edition Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Tests to assess: • Language development • Stages of cognitive development • Psychosocial development Robert J. Drummond and Karyn Dayle Jones Assessment Procedures for Counselors and Helping Professionals, 6 th edition Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Moral Development • Kohlberg’s Stages: – Preconventional morality – Conventional morality – Postconventional morality Robert J. Drummond and Karyn Dayle Jones Assessment Procedures for Counselors and Helping Professionals, 6 th edition Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.