Security Controls – What Works

Southside Virginia Community College: Security Awareness

Session Overview

• • • • • Identification of Information Security Drivers Identification of Regulations and Acts Introduction to Security Standards Understanding Security Controls Technology Solutions Assisting in Regulatory Compliance

Identification of Information Security Drivers

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Identification of Information Security Drivers

Identification of Regulations and Acts Introduction to Security Standards Understanding Security Controls Technology Solutions Assisting in Regulatory Compliance

Business Drivers

What are the business drivers for information security: Facilitate Business Initiatives Protect Brand Image Protect Customer Confidence Reduce Costs and Improve Productivity Enhance Service Levels Technology Direction Comply with Regulations

Regulatory Compliance Drives Security Initiatives

Regulatory Compliance has emerged as the biggest driver of information security initiatives / spending. Key areas for compliance-related spending are associated with implementing an Information Security Management Framework and specifically include: Policies and Procedures Training and Awareness Security Event Management Tools Identity and Password Management Technologies

Information Security Management Framework

What is an Information Security Management Framework: Key Set of Policies and Processes Supporting Information Security Organizational Structure and Governance for Information Security Implementation of Standard Security Controls Appropriate and Sufficient Security Tools and Technologies

Regulatory Benefits of Implementing an Information Security Management Framework

Regulatory benefits of implementing an Information Security Management Framework include: Protecting the privacy of personally identifiable information (customer and employee) Protecting sensitive information and resources from being accessed or shared with unauthorized users Ensuring integrity of financial data Ensuring that data content is protected and tamper resistant Ensuring well controlled systems Ensuring secure development and maintenance of software, systems, and applications

Information Security Management Framework Lifecycle

The implementation of the Information Security Management Framework follows the concept of the Plan, Prevent, Detect, Respond cycle, common in other management frameworks, such as ISO 9001 and ISO 14001.

Input

Work with business units to identify and classify their assets along with the business risks associated with those asset.

Respond

Update Framework security processes from lessons learned.

Plan

Ensure the context and scope of the Framework is correct and appropriate.

D EVELOPMENT , M AINTENANCE AND I MPROVEMENT C YCLE .

Prevent

Implement and operate the processes associated with the Framework.

Detect

Monitor the effectiveness of security processes.

Output

Effective Information Security Management Framework based on the organization's risk profile.

Information Security Management Framework Flow

Regulatory Requirements and Security Standards help define the Organizations Security Environment. This environment dictates the Organizations Security Directive, which dictates the ultimate Information Security Management Framework.

Regulatory Requirements Security Standards Business Initiatives Technology Direction

Business and Security Environment Organizational Directive for Information Security Information Security Framework (Security Controls) Technologies and Solutions

Identification of Regulations and Acts

• • • • • Identification of Information Security Drivers

Identification of Regulations and Acts

Introduction to Security Standards Understanding of Security Controls Technology Solutions Assisting in Regulatory Compliance

Significant Regulations and Acts

Some of the more significant security regulations and acts include: Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA) Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Sarbanes Oxley Act (SOX) European Union Data Protection Directive (EUDPD) Personal Data Act Computer Misuse Act Data Protection Act 21 CFR Part 11 BASEL II Various State Security Breach Laws

Security Objectives

These regulations and acts specify information security objectives associated with: Security Policy, Organization, and Program Personnel, Human Resources, and Administrative security controls User, Network, System, and Physical access management Proactive vulnerability, risk, and threat assessment and management activities Intrusion Detection capabilities Event Logging and Monitoring and Incident Response programs and processes Encryption capabilities and the protection of information confidentiality and integrity Identification, authentication, and authorization controls to information and systems Asset classification and control Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity planning This is not an all inclusive list of all security regulatory goals, but rather a sample of the security objectives of these regulations

Introduction to Security Standards

• • • • • Identification of Information Security Drivers Identification of Regulations and Acts

Introduction to Security Standards

Understanding Security Controls Technology Solutions Assisting in Regulatory Compliance

Value Proposition of Security Standards

Security Standards: Provide outlines of accepted best practice for security management Provide guidelines for the implementation of security measures Provide a framework for the management of information, network, and system security within an organization Provide a suggested code of practice Integrate security measures into an overall security architecture Can be used by organizations of all sizes, industries, and sectors Security Standard compliance is NOT required by law, though some contracts now require Certifications.

Compliance and Certification

To achieve compliance the organization must implement measures to address all control objectives.

Formal certification is usually achieved through a formal audit conducted by a certified independent auditor.

Certification offers internal and external confidence in the Information Security Management Framework.

Certification demonstrates good governance and can provide evidence of due diligence for some requirements for regulatory compliance.

Compliance Achievement Process

Initiation · ·

Recognise the need

Get management support Appoint Program Manager Analysis · · ·

Gap Analysis

Identify existing controls Review existing documents Identify gaps between these and Standard requirements · · ·

Scoping

Decide on suitable scope Define scope Agree with Certification Body (formal certification only) · · · ·

Risk Assessment

Identify assets within scope Identify threats to assets Asses level of risk Identify treatment options Implementation ·

Security Improvement

Managed program for addressing security issues · · · · · · · ·

Typical activities

Security policies and procedures Security awareness training Internet and email usage Laptop and PDA security Backup procedures Firewall configuration review Penetration Testing Review of user accounts Compliance · ·

Demonstrate Compliance

Document ISMS Policy Justify claim in documented Statement of Applicability · ·

Formal Certification

Documentation Review and Pre Audit (2-3 days) Formal Audit (4-8 days)

Industry Accepted Security Standards

Some of the more commonly accepted and implemented standards include: International Standard, ISO/IEC 17799:2005 (ISO 17799) Australian Standard, AS/NZS 7799.2:2003 (AS 7799) Payment Card Industry (PCI) Data Standard Common Criteria for IT Security Evaluation (ISO 9000) NIST Computer Security Standards

Understanding Security Controls

• • • • • Identification of Information Security Drivers Identification of Regulations and Acts Introduction to Security Standards

Understanding Security Controls

Technology Solutions Assisting in Regulatory Compliance

Security Controls Overview

Security Controls address security issues that should be considered as part of the Information Security Management Framework. Security Policy Security Organization and Governance Asset Management Data Protection Personnel Security Physical and Environmental Communications and Operations Management Access Control Logging and Monitoring Vulnerability Management Incident Management Software & System Acquisition, Development, and Maintenance Business Continuity Management Compliance While there is no authoritative set of controls and titles, most security standards and best practices use similar titles and categories to define security controls.

Security Control Objectives - 1

Security Policy: Documented security objectives for the organization that is agreed and approved by management Security Organization and Governance: Assigning security responsibilities and accountability and a management forum for setting and approving security objectives

Security Control Objectives - 2

Asset Management: The management (identification, classification, and control) of information and hardware & software resources Data Protection: Effective controls for protecting the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information and information resources

Security Control Objectives - 3

Personnel Security: The management of staff, terms of employment, termination processes, and awareness and training Physical and Environmental Security: Securing the human and system physical environment; including entry controls, fire and power controls, cable and rack security

Security Control Objectives - 4

Communications and Operations Management: Key security aspects of managing network and system components securely, including backups, anti-virus, patches, media and laptop security Access Control: The control of logical, physical, and remote access to information and resources; including identification and authentication, authorization, password and user management on applications, operating systems, and within networks

Security Control Objectives - 5

Logging and Monitoring: The collection, aggregation, normalization, correlation, mining, and tracking of security events Vulnerability Management: The performance of risk, threat, and vulnerability assessments

Security Control Objectives - 6

Incident Management: The detection, reporting, recording, handling, response, review, and management of security incidents Software & System Acquisition, Development, and Maintenance: The secure development and maintenance of software and systems for on-going secure operation

Security Control Objectives - 7

Business Continuity Management: Planning and defining the response in the event of a disaster or disruption in business to ensure continuity of operations Compliance: Ensuring the compliance with security and privacy legislative requirements

Technology Solutions Assisting In Regulatory Compliance • • • • • Identification of Information Security Drivers Introduction to Security Standards Understanding of Security Controls Identification of Regulations and Acts

Technology Solutions Assisting in Regulatory Compliance

Microsoft’s “The Regulatory Compliance Planning Guide”

This guide provides technology solutions for assisting regulatory compliance. The technology solution categories include:

• Document Management Solutions • Business Process Management Solutions • Project Management Solutions • Risk Assessment Solutions • Change Management Solutions • Network Security Controls • Host Control Solutions • Malicious Software Prevention Solutions • Application Security Solutions • Messaging and Collaboration Solutions • Data Classification and Protection Solutions • Identity Management Solutions • Authentication, Authorization, and Access Control Solutions • Training Solutions • Physical Security Solutions • Vulnerability Identification Solutions • Monitoring and Reporting Solutions • Disaster Recovery and Failover Solutions • Incident Management and Trouble Tracking Solutions

Session Summary

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Regulatory Compliance has emerged as the biggest driver of information security initiatives / spending.

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Regulations and Acts specify information security objectives necessary for regulatory compliance.

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Any organization can use the guidance and requirements in Security Standards to improve aspects of their internal security management.

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Security Controls address security issues that should be considered as part of the Information Security Management Framework. Microsoft Products and Solutions support the implementation of security controls.

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Many Microsoft technology solutions assist in regulatory compliance