Transcript Hydro-Turbine Generator Mechanism for UM
Design and Development of a Hydro-Turbine
Senior Engineering Design Project - 2008 John Connor Elisia Garcia Som Tantipitham Faculty Advisor: Dr. Quamrul Mazumder
Abstract
The usage of fossil fuels is slowly being replaced by cleaner and more renewable sources of energy. Since Michigan has varying amounts of sunlight, the use of solar energy would not be practical. With the Flint River located on the campus of the University of Michigan-Flint, hydroelectric energy may be a feasible alternative. Connecting a micro-turbine to a generator and using the natural current of the river can prospectively generate 200 to 300 watts of energy. Funneling the water into the turbine will increase the velocity of the current. With more velocity, more revolutions the turbine will experience. Then, with the goal of 200 to 300 watts desired, the turbine will be equipped with the appropriate number of blades, along with appropriate blade angle. This will ensure that not only the desired energy is produced, but that also that the system is as efficient as possible.
Project Schedule
Task Name
Project Propsals Background Research Technical Paper (Abstract/Intro) Technical Paper (Background) Technical Paper (Current Work) Technical Paper (Design Analysis) Technical Paper (Final Correlations) Design Proposal Design (Detail Spec Drawings Pro-E) Design Data Computations Design Software Analysis Machining (Casing) Machining (Turbine) Machining (Supports) Machining (Generator Assemby) Machining (Final Assembly) Testing (Initial) Testing (Modifications) Testing (Final) Project Status Report/Demonstration Final Presentation
January February March April
8-Jan 14-Jan 21-Jan 28-Jan 4-Feb 11-Feb 18-Feb 25-Feb 3-Mar 10-Mar 17-Mar 24-Mar 31-Mar 7-Apr 14-Apr 21-Apr Estimated Task Completion Actual Task Completion Schedule Performance Index: 102.68%
Progress
Schedule Performa nce In dex
Project Proposals Background Research Technical Paper (Abstract/Intro) Technical Paper (Background) Technical Paper (Current Work) Technical Paper (Design Analysis) Technical Paper (Final Corre lations) Design Proposals Design (Detail Spec Drawings Pro-E) Design (Data Comp utations) Design Software Analysis Machining (Casing) Machining (Turbine) Machining (Final Assembly) Testing (Initial) Testing (Modifications) Final Presentation Testing (Final) Project Status Report/Demonstration
Over all Average = 102.68 %
(21 days/21 days) * 100 = 100% (21 days/28 days) * 100 = 75% (14 days/14 days) * 100 = 100% (14 days/28 days) * 100 = 75% (14 days/21 days) * 100 = 67% (14 days/7 days) * 100 = 200% (42 days/42 days) * 100 = 100% (28 days/28 days) * 100 = 100% (28 days/28 days) * 100 = 100% (28 days/28 days) * 100 = 100% (14 days/21 days) * 100 = 67% (7 days/7 days) * 100 = 100% (14 days/14 days) * 100 = 100% (14 days/7 days) * 100 = 200% (7 days/7 days) * 100 = 100% (14 days/14 days)* 100 = 100% (14 days/21 days)* 100 = 67% (14 days/14 days)* 100 = 100% (7 days/7 days) * 100 = 100%
Cost Analysis
20 0 60 40 120 100 80
Efficiency
RPM Outputs vs . Tur bine Efficie ncy
268 532
RPM Output
800 1064 The generator efficiency is directly proportional to the rpm
Force
Assume:
ρ
water
= 62.4 lb
m
/ft
3
V V
Av
( 0 .
625
ft
2 )( 8
blades
)( 11
ft
/
s
) 55
ft
3 /
s
V
water init
= 7.5 mph = 11ft/s
V
water final
= 7.0 mph = 10.26 ft/s
Propeller Diameter = 292 mm = 0 .958 ft
m
water
v
m
( 62 .
4
lb m
/
ft
3 )( 55
ft
3 /
s
) 3432
lb
/
s
Area of Blade = 90 in
2
= 0.625
F
ft
2 F
One dimensional Flow
F
( (
m
(
v
2 3432
lb v
1 / )
s
2539 .
68
lb
)(
f
10 .
26
ft
/
s
/ 8
blades
) 11
ft
/
s
) 317 .
46
lb f
2539 .
68
lb f
1412 .
13
N
Detail Drawings
FEA
Stress analysis for the turbine support frame Max stress occurs at the fixed ends Max stress of about 16000 Pa
FEA
Total deformation of support frame Max deformation occurs where turbine rest Max deformation of about 1.7e-8m
FEA
Stress analysis on the turbine 1400N forced placed on shaft Max stress 14357Pa
FEA
Total deformation of turbine 1400N force placed on the shaft Max deformations is about 0.17m
Cause of large deformations is because sheet metal was used for the blades
Assembly
Early Stage of Development: Housing for the Turbine
Assembly
First Generator Delivered 300W at 3400rpms
Assembly
Ametek 38 Volt Motor Can deliver 300W with 600rpms More compacted and lighter
Ametek 38 Volt Motor
Assembly
Early Stage of Development: Turbine
Changes from Original
Redesigned 10 blades turbine to 8 Reversed placement of generator on the support to better fit the location Changed generators
Difficulties
First generator didn’t perform as expected Water flow of the river was inconsistent River dried up before final testing could be done
Difficulties
River dried up in the location that was going to be used
Plan B Testing
Using a power washer to simulate water flow Voltage output of 35.5V
Using the performance curve, this is equivalent to 398W of power