Transcript Slide 1

The Current Initiatives in
Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
across the Arab Region
Eng. Samir Hassan
Executive Director
Regional Center for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
[email protected]
www.rcreee.org
Presentation Content:
•
•
•
•
About RCREEE
Energy Statistical Profile of the Region
RE&EE Arabian Plans and Initiatives
Barriers To Renewable Energy Deployment In the
Member Countries
• Oriented Recommendation to face existing
Challenges
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About RCREEE…..
Who’s RCREEE?
• RCREEE stands for « Regional Centre for Renewable Energies and Energy
Efficiency »
• RCREEE is an independent regional policy think tank, dedicated to the
promotion of RE&EE in the MENA region,
• RCREEE main fields of work:
- Policy Framework
- Research and Development
- Public Private Partnership
- Capacity Building
• RCREEE is working to be a leading centre of excellence on the
international level
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About RCREEE…..
RCREEE Member States:
RCREEE has ten founding members from the MENA region.
The set up is sponsored by Egypt (also the host country),
Germany, the EU and Denmark.
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About RCREEE…..
Governance Structure
Board of Trustees (“BoT”)
Advisory Membres
Representatives of 10 Member States
Development partners
(no voting rights)
Executive Committee
5 representatives (Maghreb/Mashreq/host country
plus two from the private sector)
10
Correspondents
(One for each
Member State)
Secretariat
Director
Two Deputies,
composition to reflect the regional character of the centre
(Maghreb/Mashreq/host country)
and the required expertise (RE/EE, R&D, PPP)
Staff
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Emminent persons
(no voting rights)
Energy Statistical Profile
of the Arab Region
- Efficiency
- RE Potentials
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Energy Statistical Profile
Hydrocarbon Reserves and Production
Key parameters for hydrocarbon reserves and production
in oil producers countries among RCREEE member states
Source: BP and EIA
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Energy Statistical Profile
Energy Independency
Energy Independency is the percentage of energy imported compared to the total energy supply
[(Domestic demand – Domestic supply) / Domestic demand]*100 = [net imports/ Domestic demand]*100
Energy Independency in some of RCREEE countries in 2008
Source: Plan Blue Project
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Energy Statistical Profile…Efficiency
Energy Efficiency
Energy Intensity
Energy per Capita
Source: Energy Information Administration: International Energy Statistics Database
Energy intensities from other regions
(kgoe/GDP ($US) at market prices in 2005 $)
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Energy use (toe) per capita
in comparator groups
Energy Statistical Profile…Efficiency
Electricity Efficiency
Electricity intensity in RECREEE and other regions (kWh/$1990)
Source: Energy Information Administration: International Energy Statistics Database and
UN Statistical Division Main Aggregates Data Base
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Energy Statistical Profile…Efficiency
Why Efficiency..?
• The results of the analysis show that the levels of energy use
in RCREEE countries are generally higher compared to GDP
than in other regions.
• High energy intensities will make industry in RCREEE
countries uncompetitive and will expose the countries to
potential oil price shocks and to large import bills for energy
in some countries.
• There is a clear case for adopting enhanced policies for
energy efficiency.
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Energy Statistical Profile…RE Potentials
RE Opportunities
•
The Arab Region is endowed with:
• Abundant solar radiation.
• Long duration of sunshine.
• Good to excellent wind speed.
• Significant hydro power.
• Reasonable quantities of biomass energy.
•
However, RE is still facing many barriers and constraints vis-à-vis large scale
deployment in the region.
•
Thus, the objectives of this paper is to capture promising opportunities, to point
out the prevailing challenges and to show the trends of RE sector.
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Energy Statistical Profile…RE Potentials
Solar Energy
•
The capacity of solar energy resources is excellent in all member
Countries with an annual global solar radiation varying between 4 to 8
kWh/m2.
•
The region also enjoys high direct normal radiation and low average
cloud cover.
•
Electricity production from both Concentrating Solar Thermal Power
(CSP) and Photovoltaic (PV) has a good potential, due to the fact that the
incident solar radiation on the region is higher than the required value of
(1800 kWh/m2/year).
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Energy Statistical Profile…RE Potentials
Solar Energy Map
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Energy Statistical Profile…RE Potentials
Solar Energy for Thermal Power Plants
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Energy Statistical Profile…RE Potentials
Direct normal and global horizontal irradiant
Country
Global horizontal
irradiance
kWh/m2/y (for PV)
Direct normal irradiance
kWh/m2/y (for CSP)
Jordan
2,310
2,700
Lebanon
1,920
2,000
Syria
2,360
2,200
Yemen
2,250
2,200
Algeria
1,970
2,700
Egypt
2,450
2,800
Libya
1,940
2,700
Morocco
2,000
2,600
Tunisia
1,980
2,400
Palestine
2,200
2,100
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Energy Statistical Profile…RE Potentials
Wind Energy
• MENA Countries have good potential of wind energy
since most have an annual full load hours of over 1400
h/year, which is considered a long-term economic
potential.
• Several countries such as Egypt and Morocco have a
very good wind resources (wind velocity range
between 8-11 m/sec)
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Energy Statistical Profile…RE Potentials
Wind Energy Map
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Energy Statistical Profile…RE Potentials
Potential of wind energy
Country
Algeria
Bahrain
Egypt
Iraq
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Libya
Morocco
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Syria
Tunisia
UAE
Yemen
Full load hours per year
(h/y)
1,789
1,360
3,015
1,789
1,483
1,605
1,176
1,912
2,708
2,463
1,421
1,789
1,789
1,789
1,176
1,483
Capacity Factor
(%)
20
16
34
20
17
18
13
22
31
28
16
20
20
20
13
17
Source: Al-Karaghouli A."Current Status of Renewable Energies in the Middle East – North African Region", UNEP/ROWA,
June 2007. Capacity factor refers to the percentage of average annual full load hours to total annual number of hours (8760
h/y).
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Energy Statistical Profile…RE Potentials
Potential of wind energy
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Energy Statistical Profile…RE Potentials
Biomass Energy
• Traditionally used widely in rural areas for small
purposes.
• MENA Region is arid/semi-arid in nature, thus small
amount of forest and agriculture residues are
available
• The biomass energy potential is mainly available for
most Countries from municipal waste.
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Energy Statistical Profile…RE Potentials
Hydro Energy
• Several countries in the region particularly, Egypt,
Lebanon, Syria, Tunisia, Morocco and Algeria have
hydro resource.
• The overall Share of hydro electricity is only 5.78% of
the total electricity produced. This portion is very
small compared to the available hydro potential in
the Region.
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Energy Statistical Profile…RE Potentials
Economic potentials of renewable energies
for electricity generation
Economic potentials of renewable energies for electricity generation in RCREEE
member states (TWh /a )
Source: German Aerospace Center DLR (2005)
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EE&RE National Targets
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RE&EE National Targets
National Renewable Energy Targets
Country
Date of Achieving
Targets
Jordan
2020
10% (of P.E)
UAE
2030
7% (of E.E)
Tunisia
2014
4% (of P.E)
Algeria
2030
10% (of E.E)
Sudan
2011
1% (of E.E)
Syria
2030
4.3% (of P.E)
Kuwait
2020
5% (of E.E)
Lebanon
2020
12% (of E.E)
2020
10% (of E.E)
2030
25% (of E.E)
Egypt
2020
20% (of E.E)
Morocco
2020
42% (of E.E)
Libya
P.E: Primary Energy
E.E: Electrical Energy
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RE&EE National Targets
National Energy Efficiency Targets
North Africa Countries
Date of Achieving
Middle East Countries
Algeria
(2007-2011)
1% per year
Morocco
(2020)
(2030)
Tunisia
(2011)
Egypt
Jordan
Yemen
(2022)
12%
15%
20%
8.3%
(2020)
20%
(2025)
15% in Power sector
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RE&EE Arabian Plans and
Initiatives
- Energy Efficiency Guideline
- RE Strategy
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RE&EE Arabian Plans and Initiatives
Arab Renewable Energy Strategy
- LAS is preparing an Arabian Strategy for RE.
- RE&EE Experts Committee assigned to e the mission, RCREEE is a member
in this committee
The strategy includes five sections :
1- Electricity in the Arab world
2- Arabian Strategic Targets to develop RE
3- Strategy activating procedures
4- Expected Results
5- Conclusion
RCREEE is a member of the team responsible of preparing the second section
and is a leader of the team responsible for preparing the fourth section
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RE&EE Arabian Plans and Initiatives
Arab End Use Electrical Energy Efficiency Guideline
•
Set a 10 year EE target
•
Assign an existing or a new public entity to draw a 3 year National Energy
Efficiency Action Plan (NEEAP)
•
Public sector to lead by example (exemplary role),
•
Utilities to provide services or contributing to a fund
•
3 years progress report to be submittal to League of Arab states showing
the achieved savings
RCREEE is a member of the team responsible of preparing the Arab EE guideline
And will play the watch role for implementing and evaluating the NEEAPs
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Barriers To RE&EE
Deployment
- Policies and Institutional
Barriers
- Economic Barriers
- SocialBarriers
- Market and Financial Barriers
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Barriers To RE&EE Deployment
Policies and Institutional Barriers
• The absence of an effective policies, legislations and regulations in
some cases,
• Lack of favorable import for RE&EE products and components as well
as conducive policies to promote RE&EE developments;
• Limited scope for R&D institutions to interface with international
bodies and to share expertise already existing within the sector;
• Private Sector is heavily constrained by regulations
• Regulatory measures are requested to stimulate market opportunities
and needs support to introduce innovative methodologies, attractive
schemes, investment capital, and flexible financial mechanisms
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Barriers To RE&EE Deployment
Economic Barriers
• Generally high subsidies on oil and gas
• Different level of taxation & customs for RE&EE equipment
• Public sector RE&EE industry has no incentives to react to
market demand
• No special incentives to promote RE&EE investment,
• Unavailability of financial mechanisms and instruments
encouraging RE&EE manufacturing
• The high cost of capital, and lack of access to capital &
financial institutions.
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Barriers To RE&EE Deployment
Social Barriers
• Lack of Information about technologies
• Energy has been available cheaply - no need to explore other
options
• Lack of mainstream marketing of RE&EE options
• Lack of priority for domestic R&D programs
• Lack of training & education at university and professional or
vocational level
• Eroded consumer trust
• Domestic expertise are not sufficiently considered
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Barriers To RE&EE Deployment
Market and Financial Barriers
• Direct financial incentive for both users and investors in
RE&EE do not existed;
• Limited/No grants or attractive interest rate for loans
allocated to the purchase of RE&EE systems and equipments.
• The lack of a specific line of financing, in particular for the
urban SWH market, no guarantee fund for investors.
• Most RE&EE companies are small size with limited financial
capacities.
• Low competitiveness due to fossil fuels prices,.
• No taxes reduction for RE&EE projects and importing.
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Oriented Recommendation to
face existing Challenges
-Benchmarking of policy
- Policy-making
- Policy support to large scale RE developments
- A common policy for standards and labels
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Oriented Recommendation
Benchmarking of policy
• Benchmarking of policies will enhance the regional work towards promotion
of renewable energy and energy efficiency sector in the Arab region.
• This will facilitate the future coordination to achieve the addressed targets
and to deal with RE&EE issues as a region.
• Benchmarking should be done by:

Annual benchmarking within the RCREEE member states.

Benchmarking against international experience.
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Oriented Recommendation
Policy-making
Policy making is one of the main important factor for the deployment of RE&EE.
This measure should take into consideration:

Structuring, compilation and processing of evidences

Development of indicators

Monitoring the development and the implementation

Evaluation of the results

Developing the policy-making if needed
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Oriented Recommendation
Policy support to large scale
renewable developments
Large scale renewable energy projects need special support to be promoted
and disseminated, this support will include:
• Financial compensation mechanisms
• Industrial modernization
• Maximizing local content
• Fostering R&D linkages
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Oriented Recommendation
A common policy for standards and labels
Adopting a common policy for standards and labels; even for home appliances or
for building or any other sector; is one of the major instruments for future
coordination in RE&EE as a regional issue.
Such goal to be implemented through:
 Strengthening regulatory compliance
 Sharing assets (e.g. certification entities)
 Developing a common label in the long-term
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Thanks for your attention
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