Transcript Principles of Play - Welcome to the NWT Soccer Association

Principles of Play
Systems of Play
Styles of Play
“Understanding these concepts are the
building blocks of effective coaching”
Principles of Play
• Underlying concepts and ideas that are fundamental to
effective football and successful team play
• Not to be confused with systems of play 4 4 2, 4 3 3 etc
• Principles of play are the same in any system of play
• Understanding the principles of play is the foundation for
teaching the game.
• If your players understand the principles of play
• Combined with good technique they will be able to play
any system and style as determined by the coach
Principles of Play
• What do you understand by the term
“Principles of Play?”
• What are the principles of play that
underpin successful team play?
-Attacking.
-Defending.
Mike Hudson
Soccer Nova Scotia
Attacking Principle 1 - Penetration
• When in possession of the ball, the first
attacker should ask himself, “Can I
score?”. If the answer is yes, he will shoot
and penetrate the defense by shooting. If
he cannot score, he will look to make a
pass which will penetrate the defense. If
this is not on, he will then attempt to
penetrate by dribbling or running.
Penetration
The player on the ball recognizes the opportunity to penetrate the back line
with a through ball that gets the left-sided attacker in behind the defense.
Attacking Principle 2 – Support
• In order to maintain possession of the ball,
the first attacker will need good support
from the second and third attacker(s).
• Simply put, the second and third attackers
must provide forward backward and
sideways options to the first attacker
(player on the ball).
The attackers have moved into good positions to offer support or options
to the player on the ball
Attacking Principle 3 – Width
• In order to stretch the opponent’s
defensive shape, attackers will use the
width of the field to tempt them away from
covering the dangerous area in front of
goal
The attackers are employing the principle of width, which has caused the
defenders to be concerned about the wide players, and have now become
stretched laterally or side to side. This causes too much lateral space
between the defenders, which can be exploited with penetration between
the defenders.
Attacking Principle 4 – Mobility
• Attackers will make runs into different
areas of the field in order to draw
defenders out of their positions, trying to
unbalance the defense
The wide midfielder has come to the ball, dragging the right back out of
position, while the centre forward runs across the top of the box, drawing
the left central defender inside. The defense has now become unbalanced
because of this mobility, and the left back finds space to penetrate.
Mike Hudson
Soccer Nova Scotia
Attacking Principle 5 – Vertical
Stretching
• Attackers will try to stretch the space
between defensive lines, by playing as
deep as possible and off the shoulder of
the last defender. The intention is to
stretch the opponent vertically.
• Vertical stretching can also be achieved by
players behind the ball dropping off to
create space ahead of themselves.
The central midfielder has preserved space for himself by staying back and
is therefore able to receive a lay-off from his team mate. The centre forwards,
by playing on the shoulder of the last defender have created space between
the back line and the midfield line, into which they can come to receive the
ball. The space to play has been created by stretching the opponent
Vertically from back to front.
Attacking Principle 6 –
Improvisation/Creativity/Surprise
• Attackers will try to break down defenses
by employing the element of surprise.
Tools such as back-heels, overhead kicks,
diving headers, feints and fakes are all
used for this purpose.
Defending Principle 1 –
Pressure/Delay
• To prevent the first attacker penetrating by
the previously mentioned methods, the
first defender must apply pressure to the
ball, or delay the penetration by preventing
the shot, pass or dribble.
To prevent the through ball being played, the right-sided central defender
has closed down the ball carrier, and is applying the principle of delay,
causing the ball holder to play sideways and in front of the defense.
Defending Principle 2 –
Cover/Support/Depth in Defense
• To negate the options provided for the first
attacker, the second defenders must give
cover to the first defender
• This means that the second defenders will
cut off passing lanes and will be ready to
take the loose ball as the first attacker tries
to get past the first defender.
The midfield defenders are providing cover and support to the player who
is closing down the ball holder, while the back line is providing depth in
Defense, canceling out the good support seen in the previous slide.
Mike Hudson
Soccer Nova Scotia
Defending Principle 3 –
Concentration
• To avoid being stretched, the defenders
will tend to concentrate their numbers in
the dangerous area in front of goal.
• They will get into this area by means of
recovery runs which will tend to get them
between the ball and the goal.
Despite the width created by the wide players, the defenders have chosen
Recover and to concentrate themselves in the danger area, refusing to
allow themselves to be stretched laterally. If the ball is played wide, the
wide defenders will close the space as the ball travels to the wide player.
Mike Hudson
Soccer Nova Scotia
Defending Principle 4 – Balance
• In order to retain defensive balance or
shape, the third defenders will balance off
the weak side of the attack, and will pass
off runners if possible. Alternatively, they
may track and have someone else
maintain defensive balance by taking their
place.
In this instance, the defenders have observed the rules of balance, simply
passing on, or tracking defenders, while maintaining zonal coverage in the
area that was previously available to be attacked
Defending Principle 5 –
Compactness
• To counter this, defenders will try to compact the
vertical distance allowed the attackers by
pushing up their back and midfield lines towards
the opponent’s goal, effectively reducing the onside attacking space.
• This also has the effect of keeping small spaces
between the defensive lines, making it difficult
for the opponent to play through.
• The goalkeeper must be considered in this
movement, having the job of reducing the space
between himself and the last defender.
In response to the lay-off pass, the brown players have pushed out towards
The ball, negating the space that the central midfielder previously enjoyed.
At the same time the back four have pushed up and reduced the space
between their midfield and back lines, leaving the strikers in an off-side
position, and without much space
to play in when they get back on side.
Mike Hudson
Soccer Nova Scotia
Defensive Principle 6 –
Patience/Discipline/Restraint
• To avoid being “sold” by a creative mood,
defenders will employ the principle of
restraint or patience, waiting for the
attacker to make a mistake, before
attempting to win the ball.
Systems of play
“System is a regularly interacting or
independent group of players forming a
unified whole”
Systems of play
• What do you understand when we talk
about systems of play ?
• Simply the arrangement of players by a
coach on the field in a pre-determined
manner.
• 4 4 2, 3 5 2, 4 3 3, 4 5 1
• Or in small sided games Triangle,
Diamond, 2 3 1
Systems of Play
• Factors to consider
• Score goals, Prevent goals (Difficult to do
both at the same time)
• Arrange players on the field with
specialists in each position GK,
Defenders, Mid-fielders/wingers, strikers
• Players must know their roles and
responsibilities of each position within that
system.
Man United
442
Chelsea
4 5 1 or 4 3 3
352
Winger
Man Marker
Striker
Mid-fielder
Stopper
Goalkeeper
Sweeper
Mid-fielder
Man Marker
Striker
Winger
Styles of Play
• It is the responsibility of the coach to
choose what system will work best for his
or her team.
• Once this has been done the players need
to know and understand their roles and
responsibilities on the field of play.
• The next step in the coaching is deciding
what style of play your team will adopt.
Styles of Play
• Again this can be examined by looking at your
team when attacking and defending.
• The choices you make will be determined by a
number of factors
• Your philosophy of how soccer should be played
• The required outcome of the game
• The opposition (Relative to your teams
strengths)
• The stage of the game (Containing or Chasing)
• The weather and field conditions
Styles of Play - Attacking
• In attack there are three basic styles
coaches adopt.
1. Direct Soccer
2. Possession Soccer
3. A mixture of the two
Style of Play - Defending
• Pressing – When – Where – How ?
• Dropping off – Where to ?
• Both styles require your team to recognise
the pressure on the ball – no pressure
drop your lines – obtain pressure start to
squeeze as a team. This concept of
dropping and squeezing in relation to the
changing climate around the ball is
fundamental to successful defending
Style of Play - Defending
• Dropping off – to get compact
• Good teams when they lose the ball will drop off and tuck
in to get compact
• Where do you want your team to start defending
• Pressing the opposition without a compact defensive
shape will allow teams with good technique to play in the
spaces between your defensive lines.
• Decide on a pre determined line of engagement for your
team.
• Teach them in sessions how to drop off as a team and
defend from that line.
• My teams usually engage the opposition about 10 yards
over the half way line. But we do learn to press higher
and drop off further dependant on stage of the
game/opposition and weather conditions.
Style of Play Defending
Pressing – When ?
• First few minutes of a game to unsettle a
technically good team
• First few minutes of a game to steal the
ball from a technically weak team.
• Late in the game when you are behind.
Style of Play Defending
Pressing – Where ?
• All over field to win the ball back as early
as possible.
• As high as you can to force opposition to
play long.
• When your players think they can steal the
ball to initiate the counter attack.
Style of Play Defending
Pressing – How ?
• Press as a team to condense the field and force
the opposition to play sideways and backward.
• Strong sided players tight – weak sided players
splitting space
• If striker/winger initiates press all the team must
react accordingly – if not good teams will play
out using space left behind striker.
• Be wary that if your team is pressing high and
you lose pressure on the ball – you are
susceptible to the ball behind your back line
What does this all mean ?
• Regardless of system/style of play the principles will
always remain the same.
• Successful football at all levels determined by one factor
- technique
• “No technique, no Tactic”
• Although it is important to start teaching your players
even at the younger ages the tactical side of the game.
Do not lose sight of your role as coaches in the game.
• Teach your players to be able to pass, receive, dribble,
run with the ball, shoot, head, tackle etc.
• Acquiring the fundamental building blocks of football is
critical to the development of the player.