Transcript Slide 1
Dual Status Youth and their Families:
Altering the Human and Fiscal Toll Through
Improved Youth & System Outcomes
Jessica Heldman, Associate Executive Director
Robert F. Kennedy National Resource Center for Juvenile Justice
&
Kari L. Harp, Independent Consultant
Robert F. Kennedy National Resource Center for Juvenile Justice
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“Here in America today,
perhaps the clearest mirror
of our performance,
the truest measure of whether
we live up to our ideals,
is our youth.”
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Maltreated Children:
Pathway to Delinquency
Juvenile Arrest = 59% more likely
(Widom and Maxfield, 2001)
Adult Arrest = 28% more likely (Widom and Maxfield, 2001)
Violent Offense = 30% more likely
neglected = same risk as abused: (Widom and Maxfield, 2001)
Younger at time of their first arrest (Snyder, 2001)
Arrested more frequently (Snyder, 2001)
Commit nearly twice as many offenses (Snyder, 2001)
Maltreated Children:
Associated Risk Factors for Violence
Mental Health
Risk Factors
Social
Environment
Risk Factors
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• Resulting trauma from abuse or neglect
• Trauma from out-of-home placements
• Substance abuse to deal with trauma/pain
• Can interrupt normal developmental processes
leading to learning disabilities, cognitive
impairments and poor social skills
• Learning disabilities and poor social skills can lead
to school difficulties and/or violent behavior
• Parenting attributes such as harsh discipline, lack
of nurturing, substance abuse, mental illness, poor
supervision, ignoring or rejecting the child
• Parental incarceration
• Low income/minority neighborhoods lead to more
exposure to violence increasing likelihood of
violence
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Maltreated Children:
Prevalence in the JJ System
King County, WA: “Doorways to Delinquency”. Halemba and Siegel, 2011
2006 calendar year - tracked through 2008
n = 4475 youth
67% of JJ youth had some form of CW involvement
89% off JJ youth with 2+ prior offenses had CW involvement
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Abused or Neglected Children:
Outcomes Once in CW + JJ System
o Detained at an earlier age
o Detained more frequently
(Halemba and Siegel, 2011)
(Halemba and Siegel, 2011)
o Detained for longer periods of time than youth with no CW
involvement (Halemba and Siegel, 2011)
o Recidivism: 57% of 1st time offenders with a CW history
recidivated within two years vs. a 30% recidivism rate for those
with no CW history. (Halemba and Siegel, 2011)
o Los Angeles: ½ of youth with probation only had jail stay in
early adulthood vs 2/3 young adults with CW and JJ. (Hilton
Foundation, 2011)
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Dual Status Youth
Dually – Identified Youth
Dually-Involved Youth
Dually-Adjudicated Youth
court
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DUAL STATUS YOUTH INITIATIVE:
Historical Development
2000 - Initial Grant - Raised awareness of
the relationship and trajectory
2003 – Launch of site-based work
2004 - Created the Guidebook detailing a
new framework for multi-system
coordination
Guidebook for Juvenile
Justice
and Child Welfare
System
Coordination and
Integration:
Framework for
Improved Outcomes
www.rfknrcjj.org
2008 - Revised Guidebook
Dual Status Youth –
Technical Assistance
Workbook
2011 – Models for Change /OJJDP 4-site
Project launched
2013 - Revised Guidebook (3rd edition);
Dual Status Youth - Technical Assistance
Workbook
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www.rfknrcjj.org
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DUAL STATUS YOUTH INITIATIVE 2014:
Taking a Closer Look
- Early intervention
- Alternative response
- Trauma screening
- Cross-system mapping
- Organizational culture change
- Family engagement
- Performance measurement
- Youth outcome clarity
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DUAL STATUS YOUTH INITIATIVE
Massachusetts
Essex County
Hampden County*
Suffolk County
State of Arizona
California
Los Angeles County*
Santa Clara County*
Connecticut*
Connecticut Judicial Branch, Court
Support Services Division
Georgia
Newton County*
New Jersey
Middlesex County*
Washington
Clark County*
King County*
Spokane County*
Illinois
Cook County*
DuPage County*
Ogle County
Peoria County
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Minnesota
Beltrami County
White Earth Indian Nation
Wisconsin
Outagamie County*
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DUAL STATUS YOUTH INITIATIVE - Framework
FOUR PHASE PROCESS:
I. MOBILIZATION / ADVOCACY
II. STUDY & ANALYSIS
- Data Collection, Mgmt., &
Performance Measurement
- Resources and Practice
- Law, Policy, and Information
Sharing
Guidebook for Juvenile Justice & Child Welfare
Systems Coordination & Integration:
A Framework for Improved Outcomes
(2004; Revised 2008; 3rd edition 2013)
http://www.rfknrcjj.org
III. ACTION STRATEGY
IV. IMPLEMENTATION
DESIRED OUTCOMES:
Findings
Reduce recidivism
Improve family functioning
Reduce out-of–home placement
Improve behavioral health
Recommendations
Increase individual competencies
Improve educational performance
Increase pro-social bonds
System(s) performance enhancement
Action
Strategy
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Implementation
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Desired
Outcomes
Recommended Practices for Handling
Dual Status Youth
Routine identification of dual
status youth
Individualized outcomes
Validated screening and
assessment instruments
Alternatives to formal processing
at earliest opportunity and key
decision points
Engagement of families
Joint assessment process across
systems that includes families
Coordinated
case planning
court processes
case management
Focus on family stability,
placement stability, and
community connections
Recommended Products for Handling
Dual Status Youth
MOU detailing the various
agencies’ commitments to cross
system collaboration & coordination
Policy and protocol documentation
Information sharing agreement
Resources inventory
Data sharing agreement
System for data collection and
management to measure the
achievement of outcomes
List of desired system and youth
and family outcomes
Case flow process map & narrative
Assessment inventory
Multi-system training plan
Implementation Manual
Hampden County, MA
Target
Population
Desired Outcomes
Practices
Products
Youth who are
arraigned on a
delinquent
offense and are
already involved
in Child Welfare
(current
investigation,
voluntary
application, care
and protection,
Child Requiring
Assistance)
DUALLY
INVOLVED
Fewer violations of
Probation
Greater stability of
placements
Better educational
results
Increased connections
to pro-social activities
Better permanency
planning
Identification of dually-involved
youth at arraignment
Engagement of families
Coordinated case conference
w/youth & family, school
personnel, Probation Officer, Asst.
DA, Social Worker, MH, school
personnel
Identify alternatives to formal
processing (diversion)
Dedicated docket
Cross system trauma-informed
training
Hired parent advocate
Data collection efforts
• MOU focused
on Information
sharing and
release of
information
• Case flow
process maps
• Implementation
manual
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DUAL STATUS YOUTH INITIATIVE
Technical Assistance/Consultation
Presentations/Training
Practice Network
Publications
http://www.rfknrcjj.org/resources/
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www.rfknrcjj.org
Robert F. Kennedy Children's Action Corps
RFK National Resource Center for Juvenile Justice
11 Beacon Street, Suite 820
Boston, MA 02108
Telephone: Central Office - 617-227-4183
John A. Tuell, MA, Executive Director
Home office: 703-753-0059 / Mobile: 703-608-8823
[email protected]
Jessica Heldman, JD, Associate Executive Director
Home office: 858-800-7050
[email protected]
Kari L. Harp, MS, Independent Consultant
Telephone: 719-580-5065
[email protected]
Sorrel Dilanian, MA, Director of Program Administration
Telephone: 703-203-8810
[email protected]
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