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BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater ESA Innovator II: Ballast Water Risk Index A Tool for assessing the risk of ballast water exchange in the North Sea Kerstin Stelzer, Brockmann Consult User Consultation Meeting Ballast Water Risk ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Project Information • Duration: 01/2009 – 06/2010 • Funding: European Space Agency (ESA) – Programme: ESA DUE Innovator II – Testing the applicability of remote sensing satellite data in new applications • Goal: Investigation of the opportunity for remote sensing satellite data to contribute to the risk assessment of Ballast Water exchange • Development and Implementation of the BallastWater Risk Index concept: Brockmann Consult • End User of the service: BSH ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Ballast Water Exchange Risk Index • Recommendations of the IMO Ballast Water Convention for ballast water exchange areas – – – – – – – Distance > 50nm Depth > 200m No turbid water No outbreaks / HABs Currents away from land No sensitive aquatic areas Closest to ship routes • Utilisation of remote sensing data where available and suitable – – – – Chlorophyll concentration Turbidity Suspended matter Temperature Transparency ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Assumptions Risk Index Model • • • • • • • • • Highly turbid waters high risk Near the coast high risk Near protected areas high risk Shallow waters high risk Drift to the coast high risk High chlorophyll concentration high risk High suspended matter high risk High CHL / turbidity at drift position high risk Low difference between source and destination area (Salinity, Temperature) high risk ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Product • Product: Risk Index Map – High values indicating potential negative impact of ballast water exchange • Model Principles – Standardisation of input parameters – Tuning parameters (weighting factors) – Easy integration of additional parameters • Final Ballast Water Exchange Risk Index is composed of specific thematic risk indices ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Concept of multiple Risk Indices x1,y1 x0,y0 x0,y0 Risk Index Exchange Risk Index Drift x0,y0 Risk Index Eco-Region x0,y0 Exchange Risk Index Ballast ESA UCM Water Ballast RiskWater Index* Risk Wilhelmshaven * Hamburg **25.01.2011 26.08.2010 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Risk Index Model Ballast Water Exchange Risk Index Distance Coast, Depth, Prot. Areas, Shipping Lines Risk Index Ecology Risk Index Exchange Risk Index Drift Risk Index Eco-region Chl, TSM Transp, Depth, Distance Currents, Circulation, Depth, Distance, Trans, Chl Temperature, Salinity (Source & Destination) Ballast ESA UCM Water Ballast RiskWater Index* Risk Wilhelmshaven * Hamburg **25.01.2011 26.08.2010 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Input Products Satellite data Static Maps Currents ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Input Data Earth Observation 30-day longterm averages Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Transparency Chlorophyll Concentration ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Static Information ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Forecasting model currents (demo years) ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Ballast Water Risk Index Risk Index Drift Risk Index Ecoregion Risk Index Exchange Ballast Water Risk Index ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Average Risk Index ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Average Risk Index: Idea • Detection of stable high or low risk index regions • Independent of source of the ballast water • Calculation of daily Risk Indices for 2006 - 2008 – Exchange Risk Index – Drift Risk Index – 1095 daily products • Averaging over certain time periods – – – – Monthly Seasonal Semi-annual Yearly • Calculation of standard deviation for the assessment of the stability of certain areas Ballast ESA UCM Water Ballast * North Water SeaRisk Exemption * Hamburg Group * 25.01.2011 * 17.06.2010 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Process I: Daily Risk Index No risk index eco-region! ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Process II: Averaging ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater ARI and Variability Winter half-year ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater ARI and Variability Summer half-year ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Products and Use Cases • Dynamic Risk Index – – Use Case: Ship is requesting permission for ballast water exchange from BSH Service Delivery: Generation of Risk Index via the web service • Input: Date, Salinity, Temperature, Currents, Uptake/Exchange, … • Output: Risk Index Map – Update Frequency: on demand processing • Average Risk Index – – – Use Case: Assessment of the general risk situation and identification of potential exchange / no exchange areas Service Delivery: pre-calculated maps are available via the web service Update Frequency: static ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Web Application Dynamic Risk Index ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Web Application Averag Risk Index ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Support for the Exemption Group ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Cooperation • Close Cooperation with BSH – Product definition – Model implementation • Presentation to International Bodies – OSPAR EIHA – HELCOM MARITIME – ICES/IOC/IMO Working Group on Ballast Water and other Ship Vectors • Relationship to Interreg Project Ballast Water Opportunities – Participation in different meetings – Presentation of the Risk Index Approach – Exchange and knowledge sharing with the North Sea Exchange and Exemption Group – Adaptation of products according to requirements of the North Sea Group ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Summary • Development of a risk index model for ballast water exchange • Two Risk Index Products – Dynamic Risk Index – Average Risk Index • Two Use Cases – Calculation of the ship dependent risk for ballast water exchange – Demonstration of high/low risk areas • Implementation as web service • Close cooperation with BSH and the Interreg project Ballast Water Opportunities ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Processing ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Processing Scheme ESA Archive Met-service Process I EO Data BC WAQSS Process II Currents BSH Cmod4 config 10d running mean Chl, TSM, transp, North Sea & Baltic Sea Daily up-to-date Predicted currents North Sea & Baltic Sea config Proc. Param. Coastline, PA, (Fishery) config Process IV Indices BC WAQSS Process III Distances BEAM Risk Index Law Distance Map Risk Index Eco Ballast Water Exchange Risk Index ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Thresholds and Weighting Factors RI Exchange( x0 , y0 ,t0 ) 1 (1 * Tˆrans( x0 , y0 ,~t0 ) 2 * Cˆ hl( x0 , y0 ,~t0 ) 3 * TˆSM ( x0 , y0 ,~t0 ) * Zˆ 4 * ˆlaw _ border ) 5 i 1 i ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Transformation of Parameters ^Transp 1 Tˆrans( x0 , y0 ,~t0 ) 0.5 Threshtrans 0.... else Trans( x0 , y0 ,~t0 ) Treshtrans 1 * Trans( x0 , y0 ,~t0 ) 1 Threshtrans 0 Transparency [m] ^Chl 1 Cˆ hl( x0 , y0 ,~t0 ) 0.5 0 0.... else Chl( x0 , y0 ,~t0 ) TreshChl 1 * Chl( x0 , y0 ,~t0 ) ThreshChl Threshchl ChlConc [mg/m³] ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011 BROCKMANN CONSULT BallastWater Non-linear Transformations 1 ^Distance 0.8 0.6 dscale=150 dscale=100 0.4 dscale=50 1 0.2 dscale=20 0 50 100 150 200 Distance (nm) ˆlaw _ border 1... (law _ borderx 0, y 0 ) 0 ( law _ borderx 0 , y 0 ) d scale else e 0.... ˆ Z ( x0 , y0 ,~t0 ) else ^Depth 0 0.5 0 0 50 100 150 Depth [m] Z ( x0 , y0 ,~t0 ) Treshdepth 0.000099* Z 2 ( x0 , y0 ,~t0 ) 0.0001* Z ( x0 , y0 ,~t0 ) 1 ESA UCM Ballast Water Risk * Hamburg * 25.01.2011