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Wide Area Monitoring with Phasor Measurement Data Глобальный мониторинг с использованием информации об измерениях параметров векторов Dr. Markus Wache Siemens E D EA, Nuremberg, Germany

© Siemens AG 2009

Energy Sector

Wide Area Monitoring

Content Overview  Phasors  Phasor Measurement Units  Power System Security and Blackout Prevention SIGUARD Phasor Data Processing System  Application  User Interface  Pilot Applications Customer Benefit Page 2 Apr-20 Energy Automation © Siemens AG 2009 Energy Sector

SIGUARD Phasor Data Processor Why should we measure phasors?

X s

2 

1 

2 sin(  )

U 1

This equation means that active power flow is proportional to the phase angle difference between U 1 and U 2.

Thus it is possible to measure power flow without complicated algorithms as state estimator, power flow etc.

U 2

PMU Calculation of Total Vector Error

Page 4 Apr-20 Energy Automation Both amplitude and phase angle error have to be considered for synchrophasor accuracy. © Siemens AG 2009 Energy Sector

SIGUARD Phasor Data Processor How to measure phasors

GPS Signal IEEE C37.118

df f

Page 5 Apr-20 Energy Automation © Siemens AG 2009 Energy Sector

Why Phasor Measurement Units ?

Loss of Synchronization Heavy Load Reactive power shortage Line Trip

Page 6 V

Voltage collapse

Apr-20 P

Inter - Area Oscillations Local Oscillations Transmission corridor congestion Cascading outages

Energy Automation f

Frequency deviation

Loss of Generation

Overview: Power System Security and Blackout Prevention Monitoring Fault Records Fault Protocols Results Operat. Instructions WAPC Met. Values WAMS Expertsystem Results Operat. Instructions Operator-Training Met. Values Results Expertsystem IAP SiGuard ® Analysis, Location SIMEAS SAFIR Phasor Data Processing System Scalable no. Of PMUs Predicting DSA – PSS TM NETOMAC PSA – PSS TM SINCAL State estimator Short-Circuit Loadflow Contingency .......

Measuring

Page 7

Evaluation locally Metered Values of Relays / Recoders 1-100ms

Apr-20 IEEE C37.118, 2006

Metered Values of PMUs 20ms-200ms

Energy Automation

Metered Values of Transducers Signal 1-5sec Transmission Steps

Structure of Real Time, Wide Area Phasor Measurement System

SCADA Phase Angle, Voltage, Frequency,  Alarms State Estimation DISPLAY Phase Angle, Stability Analysis, Monitoring CONTROL Real Time Controls WACS PROTECTION Protection Schemes WAPS Phasor Data Applications Page 8 Phasor Data Concentrator (PDC), System Monitor (PMU Errors, Communications, PDC Operations) PMU IEEE C37.118

PDC PMU IEEE C37.118

PMU IEEE C37.118

PMU PMU Data Collection Scope of SIGUARD Phasor Data Processing System Substation Measurements Apr-20 Energy Automation © Siemens AG 2009 Energy Sector

PMU The standard IEEE C37.118

At present, IEEE C37.118 is worldwide the only standard in electric energy systems for the measurement of synchrophasors.

Specifications for the measurement and assignment of synchrophasors:

 Time reference= UTC (Universal Time Coordinated)  Angle reference = cos (0 ° if maximum at PPS-puls)   Reporting rate = 10Hz or 25Hz for nominal frequenzy 50Hz Measuring error < 1% TVE (Total Vector Error)  Communication model (structure of telegramms)   

No specification for:

 Speed of measuring Measuring accuracy under transient conditions Hardware / software of meter Algorithm of measuring The fixed specifications make a simple processing of synchrophasors of different measuring systems possible, both in real time and offline.

SIGUARD Phasor Data Processing System Application

 Phasor Data Concentrator: Collecting Phasor Measurement Data via IEEE C37.118 Protocol.  Monitoring - Online View or - View of history (selectable) - Phasor View or Time-based diagram   Calculating and displaying of Status Value for the Power System Indication of measurement system health  Geographical View (Google Earth based)  Charts View and Measurement List (CSV-Export, configurable), for reporting  Formula Editor for specific analysis  Limits Editor for online adaptation of limits Page 10 Apr-20 Energy Automation © Siemens AG 2009 Energy Sector

SIGUARD Phasor Data Processor

Power System Status Curve Monitoring of - Online view or - Historic view (selectable) Phasor Data Concentrator: Collecting Phasor Measurement Data via IEEE C37.118 Protocol Geographical View (Google Earth based) Phasor diagrams Time charts Page 11 Apr-20 Energy Automation © Siemens AG 2009 Energy Sector

SIGUARD Phasor Data Processor

SIGUARD Phasor Data Processing System User Interface / Example Limits Editor

SIGUARD Phasor Data Processing System User Interface / Example from first Customer

Wide Area Monitoring with Synchrophasors General advantages

 Increased network load, thus it is necessary to understand the mid term dynamics (100ms…10s) by online observation and offline disturbance analysis of  Voltage stability  Frequency stability  Power oscillations  Loadability  Phasor measurement is base technology for future smart grid features  System integrity protection schemes (SIPS)  Power oscillation damping devices (FACTS, fast valving)  Real time state estimator Page 16 Apr-20 Energy Automation © Siemens AG 2009 Energy Sector

Wide Area Monitoring with Synchrophasors Customer Benefit

 Using the complete capacity of transmission lines without loosing stability  Transmission corridor supervision with „nose curve“ (U-P-curve)  Support for Blackout Prevention  Fast Analysis of Power Swings  Reports after disturbances can be quickly prepared  Closes the gap between fast, local measurements (protection) and slow, large area measurements (control center) Page 17 Apr-20 Energy Automation © Siemens AG 2009 Energy Sector

Corporate Design PowerPoint

Transcript Corporate Design PowerPoint

Wide Area Monitoring with Phasor Measurement Data Глобальный мониторинг с использованием информации об измерениях параметров векторов Dr. Markus Wache Siemens E D EA, Nuremberg, Germany

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