Transcript Safety for Chemistry Laboratoir

Timothy Styranec, Chemical Storekeeper
Youngstown State University
Graduate Student Orientation
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Safety Training video
Web based safety (EOHS)
Packet with procedures
Keys and keypad access
Lab coats
Goggles - Purchase at the YSU bookstore. They must
have the chemical splash guard.
 Safety Quiz.
 CPR and First Aid Training scheduled with 2-3 week
notice.
Chemical Hygiene Plan
 A Chemical Hygiene Plan gives a working framework for the safe
operation of both instructional and research chemistry
laboratory.
 The Chemical Hygiene Plan must include:
 The individuals who are responsible for safety and health
in the laboratory.
 The procedures used in the laboratory to protect every
person's safety and health, such as:
 Emergency procedures
 Storage and handling of hazardous materials
 Proper disposal of hazardous materials (waste)
 Departmental laboratory clothing/PPE* policy
 Methods of training workers
Chemical Hygiene Plan
 Copies of the Chemistry Department Chemical
Hygiene Plan are available in the Chemistry
Office (5053)
 The Chemical Hygiene Officer for the Chemistry
Department is our Chemical Storekeeper, Tim
Styranec Ext. 3665.)
Federal Hazard Communication
Act, 1990
 Every chemical laboratory is required by law to provide its
employees (and students) with complete information about any
hazards in the laboratory.
 These regulations are often referred to as "Right-To-Know Laws".
 These laws specify that you have the right to have access to
information about any chemical with which you might be
working.
 That information is generally contained in Material Safety Data
Sheets (MSDS's).
 The content of MSDS sheets will be described in the next section.
Material Safety Data Sheets
 MSDS sheets are collected in red ring binders and placed on the
counters in a yellow box.
 A Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is a multi-page document,
provided by the manufacturer, that contains the following
information about a chemical.
1. Product or chemical identification (name and CAS number)
2. Hazardous ingredients, if a mixture of chemicals
3. Physical data, such as boiling point or melting point
4. Flammability and explosion danger
5. Reactivity data (hazards of mixing with other chemicals)
6. Health hazards (toxicity)
7. First aid and emergency information (safe handling
procedures)
8. Measures to control exposure (personal protective equipment)
9. Spill handling procedures
10. Special procedures, such as waste disposal
Hazards
 The instructors have made every attempt to keep your
exposure to hazardous chemicals low.
 We have designed the experiments to eliminate as
many hazards as is feasible.
 Some hazards are inevitable in a chemistry laboratory,
but with appropriate facilities and instruction, they
should not be considered threatening.
MSDS
 Compound Identification
 One of the first pieces of information you will find in an
MSDS sheet is the name of the chemical. Often a chemical
will have more than one appropriate name.
 For instance, all of the following are names given for
acetone: Acetone, Dimethylketone, 2-propanone,
Dimethylformaldehyde, dimethylketal, Ketone propane,
Pyroacetic acid, Dimethylformaldehyde
 In addition, a chemical may have yet different names in
other languages (German, French, Russian, etc.)
 To avoid the problem of what to correctly name a chemical,
the
assigns a unique
number, the CAS Number, to each compound. You will find
this universal number in the MSDS along with the names.
CAS Numbers
 CAS numbers are formatted as three numbers
separated by hyphens [nnn-nn-n]. In tables of data
they are sometimes listed in square brackets without
any other identifying label (see the figure above).
 The CAS number allows an easy computer search for
information about a compound. Emergency personnel
can readily access hazard and safety information with
this number, and chemists can use it to find literature
articles and to order the compound.
MSDS
Chemical Hazards
 Some MSDS chemical hazard terms you might encounter follow. These
are included so that you may understand MSDS sheets, not because they
will apply to specific compounds you use in lab.
 Flammable compounds have a flash point below 100 deg. F. (37.8 deg. C.)
and hence may ignite and burn.
cause obvious damage to living tissue.
Corrosives act either directly, by chemically destroying the part
(oxidation), or indirectly by causing inflammation. These chemicals will
cause damage (immediate burns) to your skin:
Strong Oxidizer reactions are usually very exothermic (give off heat).
Therefore, oxidizers can cause other materials to combust more readily
(or upon contact!) or make fires burn more fiercely. Oxidizers are
extremely reactive.
and easily
form vapors at normal temperature and pressure. The vapor could be
flammable or toxic or both.
Chemical Toxicity
Specific Actions
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Toxic compounds often have specific actions:
Carcinogen Causes cancer
Teratogen Causes birth defects
Hepatotoxic Causes liver damage
Nephrotoxic Causes kidney damage
Neurotoxic Causes nerve damage
Hematopoietic Damages blood cells and bone marrow
Sensitizer Causes an allergic reaction
Irritant Causes inflammation of the skin, mucous
membranes, or lungs
 Lachrymator Causes tears and eye irritation
Routes of Exposure
 Remember that chemicals, no matter how hazardous,
are not able to harm you unless you receive an exposure.
Inhalation
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This is the most common mode of exposure. Chemical vapors, gases, aerosols, mists or dust can be absorbed
through the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, throat, or lungs....and a neighbor could be responsible.
Skin and Eye Contact
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You may think of the skin as barrier, but chemicals can penetrate the skin. Such contact may be indirect such
as when you adjust your glasses while wearing dirty gloves and then later adjust your glasses with gloves off.
Contact with items that others have used or touched is also possible.
Eye exposure can be indirect through vapors, or direct via a splash (when not wearing goggles), or by
touching your eye while your hand or glove is contaminated by a chemical.
Ingestion
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Ingestion is usually by accident. It is avoided by never eating or drinking in the laboratory, and by cleanliness
practices, such as washing your hands after working with chemicals. Always wash your hands when you leave
the lab. Do not place your fingers in your mouth when working with chemicals.
Injection
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This can occur by skin puncture with a dirty piece of glassware or apparatus. Breaking a piece of glassware is a
common route; chemicals can enter through a cut.
NFPA
Hazard Levels
0 = Very Low
1 = Slight
2 = Moderate
3 = Severe
4 = Extreme
Simple First Aid
Acid or Base Burns
 Rinse the affected area with copious quantities of water for at
least 15 minutes. Bases have a slippery feeling (like soap), acids
cause a "non-skid" feeling and may burn. Rinse until the skin
returns to normal.
Minor Cuts
 Wash the wound well with water. If necessary apply pressure to
stop the flow of blood. Apply a bandage if appropriate.
Minor Burns
 Immerse the burned area in cold water until the pain is
alleviated. Use of salves or ointments is discouraged.
Accidental Ingestion
 Call the local poison control center for advice. Do not drink
anything unless instructed by a medical professional.
Eye wash
 Important: Do not pull
the eyewash station
unless there is an
emergency.
Small Fires
1.Alert people in the laboratory.
2.Make sure you have a clear exit path.
3.Avoid smoke or fumes.
4.Smother fire or use correct extinguisher.
5.If the fire will not extinguish, evacuate the area.
6.Call 911 and/or ext. 3665 and 3700.
Major Fires
 Alert people to evacuate the area.
 Call 911 on campus phone.
 Avoid flames, smoke, or fumes.
 Make sure you have a clear exit path at all times. Close
all doors to confine the fire.
 Exit building through the stairwell (do not use the
elevators), meet in a previously designated area.
Emergencies
 In an emergency, immediately call 911, ext. 3665 or
3700.
 911 will go directly to campus police
FIRST AID  Eyewash
 FirstAid Kits
 911
 Spills - EOHS
Safety Showers
 Learn the location of the safety shower(s) nearest to
your position in the laboratory. (See the map below)
 These showers are to be used if:
 You spill chemicals on your clothes or person
 Your clothing or hair is on fire.
 Any clothing which as absorbed a hazardous chemical
should be removed. If you remove clothing, ask for a
towel and a lab coat.
 Please refrain from manipulating the shower unless
necessary. The showers put out a large volume of
water.
Personal Protective Equipment
(PPE)
 Goggles
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You must wear the type of goggles specifically approved by the State of Washington Administrative Code
(WAC 296-24-078).
 Eyeglasses
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Ordinary eye glasses (even if hardened) do not provide adequate protection to your eyes. If you wear glasses, the goggles will fit over them.
If your eyeglasses fog, you should consider obtaining an anti-fogging towel or spray to apply to your glasses.
Contact Lenses
Contact lenses may be worn in the laboratory, but you must also wear approved safety goggles.
 Gloves
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Chemically resistant gloves will protect you from the most common type of skin exposure.
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The most effective gloves for general use are the disposable "nitrile" gloves (blue or purple) which are available for use in the chemistry laboratory. As they
are expensive, please use them only as needed.
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Latex gloves and disposable polyethylene gloves (available at the supermarket) should not be used since many chemicals will pass right through them.
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In some cases, special gloves may be required to handle certain chemicals.
 Lab Coats
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If you wish, you may also purchase a white lab coat or an apron to protect yourself from chemical spills.
They are available at the campus bookstore.
Be sure the sleeves are not too long or they may get in the way of your work causing a hazard.
 Appropriate Clothing
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Shoes
Closed-toed shoes must be worn at all times in all Chemistry Dept labs. Failure to wear closed-toed shoes will be grounds for barring you from
participating in lab activities. Open-toed sandals or bare feet are not permitted in the laboratory at any time.
You must wear closed-toe shoes in the laboratory at all times. Failure to do so will result in you being barred from participating in lab activities.
Leg Covering
Long pants are required at all times in the instructional labs.
Shorts and skirts are not permitted in the laboratory at any time.
You must wear long pants in the laboratory at all times.
Protective Work Practice
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Never allow chemicals to touch your skin or hands.
Understand the Hazards of Your Work
Goggles and appropriate clothing are the minimum protection for laboratory work
Know and understand safe handling procedures for chemicals and equipment
Wash Your Hands Frequently
After handling chemicals
After removing gloves
Before you leave the lab
Use Good Housekeeping
Wash your bench top before and after working
Return chemicals to their proper storage location
Clean up any spills
Remove gloves, goggles, and lab coat before you leave - leave them in the lab
Never Work Alone
For your own safety, you should never work alone in the laboratory. If you are injured there
will be no one to help you or call for emergency help.
Cell phone use is prohibited at all times in the laboratory. Personal Music Devices
Personal music device use is prohibited at all times in the laboratory.
Laboratory Benches
 You are to do experiments on the lab benches. In
addition to chemical apparatus, the bench is for your
textbook, your notebook, your experiment, and
calculator.
 Other belongings are at risk from chemical attack
in the lab. When placed on the floor or bench top,
coats, backpacks etc get in the way of your work,
presenting a safety hazard
 Coats, backpacks, and other personal belongings must
be placed on the shelves at either end of the lab, not on
the benches or the floor.
Transporting and Storing Chemicals
Chemical Reagents
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Chemical Reagents
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All of the reagents you will need to conduct an experiment are provided on main benches in the lab and/or balance room or in dispensing
hoods.
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Solid Reagents and General Supplies
Balances for general laboratory work are located in the balance room. Most solid reagents and other general supplies will be located on
this bench.
If you spill chemicals on or around the balance, make sure this is cleaned up.
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Hazardous Reagents - Acids and Bases
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Hazardous chemicals are usually placed in a hood or on a tray for dispensing.
Hazardous chemicals might include concentrated acids and bases, solvents, noxious chemicals, and other hazardous or volatile
substances.
Be sure you clean up any acid or base spills or the next person might be severely burned.
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Liquid Reagents
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Liquid reagents, if noxious or smelly, will also be found in a dispensing hood.
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Avoid Contamination of Chemicals
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Do not put chemicals back into reagent bottles; returning an unused chemical to a container risks contamination. Extra material must be
placed in the appropriate chemical waste container. Whenever possible, share excess material with a neighbor, but do not return it to the
original container.
Do not put chemicals back into reagent bottles; take only the amount you need.
Give any extra to a neighbor to use.
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Personal Safety with Chemicals
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Avoid direct contact with any chemical.
Keep laboratory chemicals off your hands, face, and clothing (including your shoes).
Never smell, inhale, or taste laboratory chemicals. Be sure there is adequate ventilation.
Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling any chemicals, especially before leaving the laboratory.
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Waste Handling and Disposal
 PLEASE USE THE CORRECT WASTE CONTAINERS
 Solid Waste Containers
 Not all trash is the same:
 Trash containers are located at the end of the bench near the outside
wall. These are used for non-hazardous, solid wastes
 Broken glass does not go into the metal trash containers; it must be
separated.
 Paper, corks, and other non-hazardous substances may be placed in the
trash containers.
Do not place any glass (broken or unbroken) in the trash containers.
 Broken Glass Containers
 Broken glass goes in the designated broken glass boxes located around
the room.
 Any glass or broken glass waste must be placed in the special cardboard
boxes or crocks provided. Do not place paper or other garbage in these
containers. Do not pick up broken glass with your fingers. There are dust
pans and brooms located in every prep room. If you cannot find these
items, ask.
Eating, Drinking & Smoking
 Eating, Drinking & Smoking
 EATING OR DRINKING IS NOT PERMITTED IN THE LABORATORY
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Do not bring any food or drink (including water bottles) into the lab.
There is always risk of contamination with toxic chemicals.
 It is not considered safe to drink water from any source in the laboratory
because an experiment could back up and contaminate the supply lines
 You may eat or drink in the hallway outside of the laboratory.
 Be sure you wash your hands well before eating or drinking
- your hands may be contaminated with chemicals.
 Smoking
 Smoking is not allowed in the Chemistry Building. You must go outside.
In addition, the university prohibits smoking in all building on campus.
SOP’s and Forms
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Ordering Supplies & Chemicals
Ordering Chemical Gases
General Waste Disposal Procedures
Disposal of Empty Chemical Containers
Disposal of Laboratory Glass Waste
Dispensing Liquid Nitrogen
Spot Check of Air Flow in Fume Hoods
Spill Response
Check In/Out ProcedureSupply Order Form
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Chemical Order Form
Hazardous Waste Disposal Form
TWO MOST IMPORTANT THINGS
TO REMBEMBER
 LABEL everything.
 Read the MSDS- Know what you are working
with.
 VIDEO
14 minutes. MSDS
 Chemical Storage Hazards - 11 min.
Safety
 Remember safety is the most important thing in the
laboratory.
Questions or Concerns
 Any questions or concerns direct to your instructor
and Tim Styranec.
 Tim Styranec Ext. 3665 Room 5053.
 Cell phone 330-518-7637