Transcript Embedding Quotations

Embedding
Quotations
& MLA Format
Refresher
MLA Format
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Double spaced
12 pt Times New Roman font
Heading: Flush left
Header Flush right
Tile centered (not bold,
underlined, or italicized)
Header & Heading
• Heading
– Student Name
– Teacher Name
– Class
– Date (12
August 2011)
NO COMMAS!
• Header
– Student’s Last
name
– Page number
(Use the # icon
on the toolbar)
– DO NOT
MANUALLY
ENTER THE
PAGE NUMBER
Focus on Quotes
• Quote inserted into the middle of your
own sentence.
• Quote introduced with introductory
element
• Quote modified with brackets
• Quote with the use of ellipses
• Quote within a quote using single and
double quotation marks
• Quote using block indentation
Introducing Quotes
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Always introduce quotations. Do not just insert a quotation in the
middle of your text!
You can introduce quotations in two ways:
(1) either write a complete sentence and clarify it with a quotation that follows-in which case you use a colon (:) between your sentence and the
quotation--or
(2) weave the quotation into your own sentence.
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Examples:
1)
In one of her most heroic scenes, Antigone points out her greater concern
for the laws of heaven: "These laws--I was not meant to break them" (50914).
2)
Huckleberry Finn survives many dangerous situations that usually involve
selfishness or brutality, and late in the novel he comes to the conclusion
that "Human beings can be awfully cruel to one another" (Twain 450).
OR
Twelve-year old Betsy Smith felt that her diary “was the epitome of
narrative writing” because it revealed so many personal thoughts and
feelings (Blessman 13).
Punctuation Rules
• End periods and commas ALWAYS go
inside quotation marks if there is no
parenthetical documentation. If you are
using parenthetical documentation, periods
and commas go after the documentation.
• Examples:
– The sign changed from "Walk," to "Don't Walk,"
to "Walk" again within 30 seconds.
– She said, "Hurry up."
– She said, "Hurry up" (41).
Block Quotations
• More than 3 lines of text in your
paper.
• Quote is indented (like a
paragraph)
• Same rules for introducing the
quote
• Citation: Period after last sentence
of quote. (Blessman 12)
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Punctuation Rules for Block
Quotes
You do not use quotation marks with block quotations,
unless the quotations contain dialogue. End punctuation of
block quotations comes before documentation.
• Use blocking for quotations which exceed three lines--typed
or handwritten. These quotations should be indented two
tab stops from the left margin. All block quotations should be
double spaced.
• Introduce the quotation with a complete sentence and a
colon.
• Example:
– Rene Gallimard demonstrates to the audience the painful
reality of his situation:
I have not been able to sleep for day. The
pressure is mounting so that my head feels like it
is in a vice. I know it is only a matter of time
before I shatter, break, and crumble into dust.
The time for change is now. (42)
More Punctuation Rules
• Semicolons and colons always go outside
quotation marks if they are used at the end of the
quotation.
– Example: Dan always said, "I think you're wrong"; he
was always very arrogant (Aebischer 12).
• Question marks and exclamation points go inside
the quotations marks unless they are not part of the
quotation.
– Examples:
• She asked, "Will you still be my friend?"
• Do you agree with the saying, "All's fair in love and war"?
• Use single quotation marks for quotes within
quotes. Note that the period goes inside all quote
marks.
• He said, "Dania said, 'Do not treat me that way.'"
Using Ellipsis…
• If you change the quote to make it grammatically
correct, you must use an ellipse. Use three periods
with one space between each period, and place the
ellipses in brackets.
– Example: He wants to see the "Eskimo [. . .]
catching those two fish“ (Salant 10).
• If you want to merge a quote from two different
places on a page, you should indicate the first
sentence has ended by using four periods and
place the ellipses in brackets.
– Example: When he speaks of his sister, Holden
says, "The trouble is, she's a little too affectionate
[. . . .] She really is" (Salinger 68).
Using Ellipses & Brackets
• Sometimes you need to change the verb
tense, pronoun usage, or first letter of the
quote to fit the context of your sentence. Put
the changed part in brackets.
• Managers from both generations will be able
to find ways to work together by “[f]acing the
issue squarely and approaching Gen X
workplace issues as issues of cultural
diversity” (Keaveney 103).
• "It was in fact one of [the Osu] who in his zeal
brought the church into serious conflict with
the clan a year later by killing the sacred
python" (Achebe 112).
Parenthetical Documentation (The stuff in
parenthesis)
• If you do not give the author's name
in your introduction to the quotation,
it must go in the citation:
(Morrison 57).
• If you do give the author's name (or it
is obvious from what you have
previously written), it is not
necessary to repeat it:
(57).
Quoting Poetry
• Use the forward / to indicate a
line break and use line numbers
in your documentation.
–"In the room the women come
and go / Talking of Michelangelo"
(Wylie 16-17).
Quoting Drama
( Act. scene. line number)
(1.3.15)
or if it is written poetry style
(Act. line numbers) (1.509-14)
Helpful Tips
• Do not use superfluous quotations. Use quotations
that support your ideas, not ones that simply take
up space.
• Direct quotes should be vivid and memorable. Save
direct quotations for brilliant comments,
controversial statements, or personal testimony that
strengthen your argument.
• Paraphrase instead of quoting!!! BUT you will still
need to credit your source! (page #).
• Do not overuse block quotations: about two every
five pages is enough. Your reader is more
interested in WHAT you have to say and HOW you
say it.
Quote, Paraphrase or Summarize?
• Direct Quotes: less than 10% of your
paper
• Paraphrase: If a quotation is long, or if
you can say it better or more concisely,
you may wish to paraphrase (restate it
in your own words).
• Summarize: If you are primarily
interested in major plot points or actions
that illustrate your analysis.
Avoiding Plagiarism
• Remember that you must credit your sources
even when paraphrasing or summarizing.
• Like direct quotations, keep paraphrasing to a
minimum because it is your ideas and
argument that will convince your readers.
• Summary should only be used to further your
analysis; in other words, you should not
summarize every moment of the story but
only those aspects that contribute to your
thesis.
Works Cited Format
• On a separate sheet of paper at the
end of your paper.
• Double spaced
• Works Cited centered, not bold,
underlined, or italicized.
• Only include information you have
cited within your paper!!
Works Cited Format
• List sources alphabetically by author;
title if no author available.
• The first line should be flush against the
left side, while the second line and
consecutive lines should be indented
(tab)
• If you are citing more than THREE
authors, list the first author followed by
et al.