Transcript STATUS OF FRESHWATER PRAWN CULTURE IN …

STATUS OF FRESHWATER PRAWN
CULTURE IN BANGLADESH
by
Mahmudul Karim
BANGLADESH SHRIMP FOUNDATION
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2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
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2.
3.
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7.
8.
Title page
Table of contents
Introduction
Prawn farming quickly expanding
Factors encouraging expansion of prawn farming
Prawn farming reducing poverty
Species, farming and export
Contributions of shrimp and prawn to agri. primary
commodity exports
9. Some current problems
10. Development needs
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3. INTRODUCTION
• Bangladesh is a small country with large
populations
• Poverty reduction Central Theme of national policy
• Agricultural land area constantly declining
• Farmers need income increase from their limited
and shrinking lands to meet minimum necessities
of life
• Freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii
farming has emerged as a significant economic
activity in rural Bangladesh since early 1990’s
• Prawn farming quickly expanding
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Area in hectare
4. PRAWN FARMING QUICKLY EXPANDING
35000
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
1991
1997
2003
Year
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5. FACTORS ENCOURAGING PRAWN FARMING
EXPANSION
• Compatible with agriculture
• Small farmers can practice in their own land
• Opportunities for women’s involvement
• No interference with mangrove or environment
• Safer: not susceptible to WSSV disease or
frequent tidal bores as in marine shrimp
• Can be normally grown in salinity up to 8 ppt
• Large suitable areas all over the country
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6. PRAWN FARMING REDUCING POVERTY
• Prawn farming reducing poverty in many areas
• More than 80% of the farms less an acre and
handled by small farmers
• Large numbers of mono-crop low-yielding
paddies now converted into farms producing
high priced prawn and fish in rotation with
paddy
• Pond embankments grow vegetables and fruits
fetching extra income and providing better
nutrition
• Women’s directly involved in increasing family
income
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7. SPECIES, FARMING AREAS AND EXPORT
• Out of over 20 species of prawn, only
Macrobrachium rosenbergii is cultured
• M. rosenbergii is the second most important
cultured crustacea after marine black tiger shrimp
Penaeius monodon in Bangladesh
• Culture area 35,000 – 40,000 ha covering 15 – 20%
of total crustacean farms of about 200,000 ha
• Principal prawn farming areas are in the southwest
• 15% (US$54 mill.) to total export earning of US$ 362
million from shrimp and prawn in 2003-2004
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8. CONTRIBUTIONS OF SHRIMP AND PRAWN TO
AGRI. PRIMARY COMMODITY EXPORTS
Contribution of Shrimp to Total Agro-based
Primary Commodities in 2003-2004
(US$ 553.36 million)
Marine
Shrimp,
307.70, 56%
Fin Fish,
35.44, 6%
Fresh Water
Shrimp,
54.30, 10%
Other
Agrobased
Commodities
, 155.92, 28%
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9. SOME CURRENT PROBLEMS
• Inadequate PL supply: Currently 350 million PL used
• Hatcheries supply only 30 mill PL; most PL from wild
• Culture mostly dependent on rain water; no assured
perennial water supply or drainage network
• Short time PL availability restricts culture period
• Available commercial feeds are either of inadequate
quality or are too expensive
• Poor nursery practices
• Declining wild brood-stock population due to overfishing
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10. DEVELOPMENT NEEDS
• Farm water supply and drainage infrastructure in
farming areas under local level Master Plans
• Extended hatchery operation to extend farming
from the existing July - November to FebruaryNovember
• Increased PL production corresponding to needs
• Cheap but effective feed availability
• Nursery raising of male juveniles including overwintered juveniles to raise two full crops of prawn
• Conservation of wild brood prawn stocks for
hatcheries
• Extension materials for all stakeholders on GAP,
food safety, environment and social issues
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• A prawn / a heap of
prawn
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Thank You
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