Transcript APEC Low-Carbon Town Demonstration Project China

APEC Low-Carbon Model Town Project
Development in China
Sun Yang
Department of International Cooperation
National Energy Administration, China
Content
Background
Concept
Practices
International Cooperation
2
With rapid urban development and population growth , towns and cities become the
key areas of energy consumption and carbon emission in China
3
Chinese Government Takes Active Measures for Climate Changes
 China is the first developing country to
formulate and implement the National Plan
for Climate Changes and is the country
implementing the strongest measures of
energy saving and emission reduction, with
the fastest growing new energy sources and
renewable energy sources.
单位GDP二氧化碳排放（吨/万元）
非化石能源所占比例
7
16%
6
14%
12%
5
10%
4
 From 1990 to 2005, the unit GDP carbon
dioxide emission was reduced by 46%,
percentage of non-fossil energy sources in
the energy consumption grew from 5.1% to
6.8%; in 2005 – 2020, China’s unit GDP
carbon emission will further reduce by 40 –
45%, while percentage of non-fossil energy
sources will reach 15%.
8%
3
6%
2
4%
1
2%
0
0%
1990
2005
2020
4
China
Attaches
Great
Importance on Low Carbon Development
—A Key Strategy to Tackle Climate Change
 Since 2005, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development has
formulated a series of policy measures to promote public transport and lowcarbon constructions in town.
 In 2010, the NDRC formally put forward the initiative of experimental
demonstration projects of low-carbon urban development in “five provinces
and eight municipalities”
 Above policies received active and extensive support from the local
governments. Low-carbon urban development has become an important
principle and milestone in the new round of urban development in China
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Policy measures of the State Council and NDRC of China to
promote low-carbon urban development
July 2010: NDRC issued the Notice on the Initiation of Experimental
Works of Low-Carbon Provinces and Low-Carbon Cities, setting out
the experimental works of low-carbon provinces and cities in “five
provinces and eight municipalities”
December 2010: State Council issued the Notice on the Issuance of
National Plan of Main Functional Areas, proposing “the
development of low-carbon cities and reducing the intensity of warm
house gas emission”
March 2011: State Council issued the Opinions on Implementation
of Division and Specialization of Key Departments in the
Government Work Report, proposing to “advocate the experimental
works of low-carbon cities”
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Content
Background
Concept
Practices
International Cooperation
7
Concept of Low-Carbon Development in China: Sustainable Development
– Concepts of “eco town” and “energy saving town” emerged during the
urbanization in China are similar to the concept of “low-carbon town ”
which is based on the fundamental principle of sustainable development,
with the sustainable urban development as the fundamental objective, but
with a focus on the energy supply and demand and environmental impact
of urban systems.
– Without the fundamental objective of sustainable urban development,
pursuit for low-carbon emission in a singular process may even lead to
higher carbon emission of the entire urban system in its lifecycle. In other
words, low-carbon urban development in China not only aims for reduction
of carbon emission, but also the multiple benefits of sustainable
development including economic development, enhancement of living
standards, environmental protection and resource saving etc. at the same
time.
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Concept of Low Carbon Town in China: Sustainable Development
Low Carbon Town
Eco city
Energy
Saving town
Sustainable Town
Relationship between low-carbon town and sustainable town , energy saving and ecological
town
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Concept of Low Carbon Town in China: Sustainable Development
•
Low-carbon urban development in China is placed in the basic framework of
sustainable development, emphasizing on all levels of town including production,
living, transport and social, resource and sustainable development environment to
achieve low carbon emission
– Production dimension: sustainable, low-carbon economies, sustainable and lowcarbon transport
– Living dimension: sound housing and living environment, low-carbon buildings
and facilities
– Social dimension: public involvement, social justice, cultural and wisdom
heritage, low-carbon values and lifestyles
– Natural resource dimension: compact and high efficiency land utilization,
minimized resource consumption
– Ecological environment dimension: minimum pollution and waste emission,
sustainable ecological system
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Six Major Approaches to Achieve the Low Carbon Development – Industry,
Deployment, Energy, Building, Transport and Renewable
1. Low-carbon industry: low-carbon production methods, industrial structure, carbon emission
performance etc.
2. Low-carbon spacial deployment: optimized spatial structures, priority to public transport
etc.
3. Low-carbon energy sources: energy structure and supply-demand efficiency
4. Low-carbon buildings: building energy saving technologies and operations management
5. Low-carbon transport: promotion of low-carbon travelling, development of public transport,
improvement of fuel economy, development of new-energy source automobiles
6. Renewable resources: use of depleted facilities and recycling of waste resources
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Content
Background
Concept
Practices
International Cooperation
12
We have conducted survey on low carbon practices in China,
collected 77 cases with different characteristics
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Low-Carbon Industry Layout
• Shijingshan District, Beijing
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– The Shougang Group moved out and
only left the headquarter and research
and development departments behind
– Great efforts in developing cultural,
creative, high-tech, commercial
services, modern financial, tourism and
leisure among other low-carbon
industries



Datong – transformation of resource city
Anshan – energy saving and emission reduction of
Angang Group
Jilin – transformation of the old industrial bases in
the northeast China
Percentage%
50
40
Newly built high efficiency steel factory (left) and
processing line (right) of the Angang Group
30
20
10
0
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Trends in percentage of the service sector in Shijingshan District
Trial run of EMU manufactured in Jilin
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Low-Carbon Spacial Plan
• Tianjin Zhongxin Eco City: urban planning, urban industry and overall
planning of transport systems
Zhongxin Tianjin Eco City Spacial
Plan (left) and Industrial Plan (right)
Zhongxin Tianjin Eco City Public
Transport System (left) and Slow
Transport System (right)
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• The first low-carbon town demo project of APEC – Tianjin
Yujiabao Financial District
– Invested large amount of human and material resources to develop the low-carbon
development plan to enhance spatial utilization, optimize functional and energy
deployment, and improve energy utilization efficiency and reduce transport energy
consumption
Long-term plan of Yujiabao – green eco construction
“Builders’ Home”
for the construction
workers to avoid
repeat construction
of temporary housing
Underground railway transport system plan
of Yujiabao
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Low-Carbon Energy : State Policies and Technical Development


Law of Renewable Energy Sources, Notice on the Subsidies for Renewable Energy Power Charges
and Rationed Exchanges in 2006, Notice on Accelerating Suspension of Small Thermal Power Units
and Law on Energy Saving
China has initiated the first IGCC demo project (green coal fired power project in Tianjin), full-scale
CCS demo project (direct liquidation project and saline aquifer sequestration project in Nei Mongol)
and demo project of intellectual grid (Zhongxin Tianjin Eco City)
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Low-Carbon Energy: State Policies and Technical Development

Wind power, nuclear power, supercritical coal fire and ultra-supercritical coal fired power
units in China rank number one in term of production capacity in the world. Production of
solar cells takes up over 50% of the world total. Installed capacities of wind power
generators, capacity and ownership of solar heaters all rank number one in the world.
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De Zhou in Shang Dong Province has been selected as a pilot project of “New
Energy City” in China. They are exploring the potential of scaling up the
deployment of rooftop solar heater, power generation system and roadside solar
lamps.
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•
Hami, Xinjiang: construction of wind power and solar
power generation bases
Wind and solar power generation base under
construction in Hami, Sinkiang Province
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Low-Carbon Buildings: Policies
•
2005: Design Standards for Energy Saving of Public Buildings
•
2006: Design Standards for Green Buildings
•
2007: Standards of Quality Testing Acceptance of Energy Saving Construction Projects,
Work Plan for Overall Energy Saving and Emission Reduction
•
2008: Regulations on Energy Saving of Civilian Buildings and Regulations of Energy
Saving in Public Institutions
•
2011: The Twelfth Five-Yearly Plan in Construction Industry, proposing that “project
design of new buildings shall be 100% consistent with energy saving standards of
buildings of the state, and construction of new projects shall comply with requirements
on energy saving of building stipulated by the state”.
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Low-Carbon Building: Practices
•
•
•
Hongqiao District in Changning, Shanghai: online monitoring platform of building
energy efficiency
Tsinghua University in Beijing: energy saving building – overall demonstration of
energy saving technologies
Zhuhai: Regulations and demonstration project guidance for energy saving buildings
Vacuum glass (left) and smart shutter cover device (right) of energy
saving building in Tsinghua
Interface of existing building energy consumption monitoring
system in Changning
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Solar water heating system (left) and ground source heat pump
system (right) in buildings in Zhuhai
Low-Carbon Transport: Policies
• Public Transport
– 2005: Opinions on Prioritized Development of Urban Public Transport
– 2006: Opinions on Several Economic Policies on Prioritized Development of Urban
Public Transport
– 2010: Regulations on Urban Public Transport (Exposure Draft)
• Fuel Economy:
– 2004: Standard Limitations on Fuel Consumption of Passenger Vehicles
– 2007: Limitations on Fuel Consumption of Light Commercial Vehicles
– 2009: Methods and Indicators of Appraisal on Fuel Consumption of Passenger
Vehicles
– 2010: Special initiative of low-carbon transport and transportation participated by a
thousand enterprises of automobile, vessels, roads and ports
• New Energy Vehicles
– Initiated the demonstration and promotion project of new energy source automobiles
with “a thousand cars in ten cities” since 2009. 25 cities already took part in the
project.
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Low-Carbon Transport: Practices
• Xi’an
– “Car-less Day” and “Walk
with a Thousand People”
events
– Promotion of bicycle
travelling and walking
• Hangzhou
– Free public bicycle service
system (swipe card), special
bicycle control vehicle
– Over 50,000 bicycles and
2,050 bicycle stations, daily
use of 250,000
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Low-Carbon Transport: Practices
• Dalian: low-carbon public transport system
• Shenzhen: Electrical automobiles
Express bus lane (left) and hybrid power bus (right) in
Dalian
Electrical car
charging station in
Shenzhen
Light rail trains (left) and metropolitan railway map (right) in Dalian
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Recycle
• 2008: Law on Advocating the Recycle Economy
• Shanghai: public service platform for recycle of renewable
resources
– Providing users with free “environmental protection cards” and barcodes. Users can stick
the barcodes to electronic wastes and leave them in the nearest recycle boxes. Once the
recycle box is full, automatic alarm is sent to the recycle platform. Recycle platform
converts the wastes according to the barcodes and types of waste into points to be paid
into the corresponding account of the card.
Real-time monitoring map of alarms
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
Wuhan, Hubei Province: reuse of heavy industry wastes

Coal gas from steel factory is supplied to chemical plants and
thermal heating plants and slag is used as construction materials.
 Thermal power plant ashes are used in construction or road building,
desulfurized by-products used to produce commercial grade
gypsum and denitrification byproducts are used for production of
urea and ammonia
Bricks (right) made of slag (left)
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Content
Background
Concept
Practices
International Cooperation
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International Cooperation
• Exploring the Potential
– Multilateral cooperation among governments (APEC): bilateral cooperation between
governments (Singapore, U.K., Sweden)
– Comprehensive cooperation on building low-carbon towns: Tianjin Yujiabao Financial
District – international cooperation covers low carbon appraisal and performance target
systems, transport system, underground planning, regional energy supply, energy saving
buildings, heat island effect analysis, energy efficiency management and low-carbon
construction etc.
• Improving the Mechanism
– APEC low-carbon urban development demonstration: initiation of demo project,
establishment of expert team, discussion on the summit meeting and low-carbon
urban development demonstration forum etc.
• Introduction of Advanced International Concept
– Design teams from multiple countries provided planning and design for the
Yujiabao financial district of Tianjin
– Low Carbon Development Plan of Jilin, an outcome of the Study on low-carbon
economic methodologies and low-carbon economic regional development cases is
officially published
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Sun Yang
Department of International Cooperation
National Energy Administration, China
[email protected]
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