Transcript Personal Computers and Applications

Personal Computers
and Applications
Networking for Home and Small Businesses – Chapter 1
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Objectives

Identify the purpose and uses of personal computers
and describe local and network applications.

Compare and contrast different types of computing
devices.

Explain the binary representation of data.

Determine appropriate components and peripheral
devices to meet requirements.

Install, verify, and upgrade computer components and
peripherals.
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Purpose and Uses of Personal Computers
 Multiple uses for computers
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Computers need 3 things . . .
 Hardware
 Operating System
 Application Software
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Purpose and Uses of Personal Computers
 Business & Industry
–Medical
–Educational
–Legal
 General Use
–Used by a wide range of people
–Used for various services
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Types of Computing Devices
 Different types of Computers—each one with a different
purpose
 Online Activity 1.2.1
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Types of Applications
 Local – runs on only one PC
 Network – runs over the network (the Internet)
Must have two components
runs on a local computer
runs on a remote computer
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Types of Computing Devices
 Servers – keep in a secure location (Why??)
 High performance computers which provide services to
many clients
Multiple CPUs
Loads of RAM
High capacity drives
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Types of Computing Devices
 Desktop personal computer (PC)
 Used to run everyday applications
Email
Internet
Word Processing
Spreadsheet
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Types of Computing Devices
 Workstation – high powered computers
 Features
•Multiple processors
•Large amounts of RAM
•High capacity drives
 Types of applications
•Computer Aided Design (CAD)
•3D
•Video animation
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Types of Portable Computing Devices
 Types and features of portable devices
Laptop – AKA a Notebook
Use of a docking station with a laptop allows for
more connection options
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Binary Representation of Data
 Humans use words and pictures to communicate
 Computers use bits
– 1 or 0 (1=on; 0=off) – just like a light switch
–8 bits = 1 byte
 Networkers need to be able to understand both
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Binary Representation of Data
 Humans use the Base 10 numbering system, but
computers only understand binary, so how do we
communicate??
 Simple – Convert Base 10 to Binary
 Try these examples:
– 175
– 68
– 255
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What helps determine the speed?
 Type of Media
– UTP Cable
– Fiber
– Wireless
 Type of file
– Larger files require more time to download
 Type of computer
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Binary Representation of Data
 Measuring resolution and frequency
 Pixels – determines the resolution
 Hertz = how fast something recycle or refreshes
 300 MHz = 300 million cycles/second
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Determining Appropriate Components and
Peripheral Devices
 Preassembled or Custom Built – which one should you
choose??
 Preassembled Advantages:
– Lower Cost
– Performs most applications
 Preassembled Disadvantages:
– May lack in performance
 Custom Built Advantages:
– Exact components
– Supports higher performance applications
 Custom Built Disadvantages
– Costly
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Determining Appropriate Components and
Peripheral Devices
 Motherboard
– main circuit board
– slots for network, video,
and sound carts
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Determining Appropriate Components and
Peripheral Devices
 Central Processing Unit (CPU)
– nerve center of the computer
 Factors to remember when selecting your processor
– higher speed = faster performance
– more power = more heat
 Bus
– how data gets to its location (like a highway)
– faster bus = faster computer
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Determining Appropriate Components and
Peripheral Devices
 Random Access Memory (RAM)
– temporary storage
– stores data while it is being processed by the CPU
 Why would a user need more RAM?
– Multiple applications running at the same time
– Multiple CPUs
– Amount of RAM available is determined by the motherboard
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Determining Appropriate Components and
Peripheral Devices
 Adapter cards add functionality to a computer system
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Determining Appropriate Components and
Peripheral Devices
 Optical Drives
– Use of laser beams to record information
– CD or DVD – uses red laser
– Blue Ray – uses blue-violet laser
• can hold up to 25GB of data
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Determining Appropriate Components and
Peripheral Devices
 Magnetic Drives
– Hard
Drive
– Floppy Drive
– Tape Drive
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Determining Appropriate Components and
Peripheral Devices
 Peripheral Devices
– Added to the computer to expand its capabilities
–Different categories
• Input
• Output
• Storage
• Networking
 Where do these devices fit??
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Determining Appropriate Components and
Peripheral Devices
 Surge Protector
– prevents damage to the computer
 UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply)
– keeps charge of internal battery
– provides backup power without interruption for a short period
of time
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Install, Verify and Upgrade Components and
Peripherals
 Computer Repair Best Practices
 Turn PC off and unplug power
– Determine if the part is hot-swappable (if so, there is no need
to turn off power before adding or removing the part)
 Never open power supply or monitor
– both contain high voltages
 Be aware of Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)
– transfers electricity from your body to electrical parts
– ground yourself properly
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Install, Verify and Upgrade Components and
Peripherals
 Take the following precautions:
– Determine if the component is hot swappable
• If in doubt, unplug it!!
– Attach grounding strap
– Remove old component
– Check the connection on the new component
• Should fit easily; if you have to force it, it probably doesn’t
belong there
– Place component in the correct slot
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Install, Verify and Upgrade Components and
Peripherals
 PS/2 - connects keyboard and mouse
 USB – connects many devices (PnP)
 Serial – connects modems/printers
 Parallel – connects printer
 VGA – connects monitors
 RJ11 – connects phone lines
 RJ45 – connects to the network
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