Transcript Slide 1
The Global Oil Addiction Some Facts Israel’s security = Eliminate oil addiction • The first strategic priority of Israel’s defense policy is to minimize US dependency on oil • The second priority of Israel’s defense policy is to minimize the world’s dependency on oil IEA forecast of global all-oil production, mbd Source : IEA, The Guardian Newspaper US: Oil share of goods & services trade deficit 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 2009 * 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 * Jan-Nov 2009 2002 2001 2000 1999 Source: US Bureau of Economic Analysis Oil and the US Defense Budget More than 50% of the US defense issues are oil related: • Protecting the “Oil States” • Protecting the “Oil Routes” • War on Terror (e.g., the Gulf War, Iraq) (Navy) (Radical Islam) Oil Prices and Recession Every major recession in the last 40 years was preceded by a rise in oil prices. Can the US/world come out of the recession when oil is 80$? Israel: Oil share of GDP 8,000 9.00% 7,000 8.00% 7.00% 6,000 6.00% 5,000 5.00% 4,000 4.00% 3,000 3.00% 2,000 2.00% 1,000 1.00% 0 0.00% 2008 Oil imports as a % of total imports 2007 Expenditure on oil as % of GDP 2006 Source: Modelim estimates 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Net oil imports of oil in millions, present value $ Africa: Oil share of trade deficit Country Fuel Imports as % of current account balance Kenya Senegal Tanzania Uganda -174% -90% -85% -124% Mali -83% Source: Development Indicators, World Bank, 2007 What is the best way to reduce US oil dependency? • Nuclear • Wind • Solar • None of the above Oil is hardly used (1%) to generate electricity If the US replaced all of its coal based electricity with nuclear, wind or solar… it would not reduce its oil dependency by a single gallon. 2008 United States Electric Power HYDRO WIND MISC 6% 2% 1% COAL 48% NUCLE AR 20% GAS 22% OIL 1% Source: US Energy Information Administration What is the largest source of CO2 in the US? 2008 United States Coal or Oil? It is oil Total CO2 emissions (Mt) GAS, 1242, COAL, 21% 2125, 37% OIL, 2436, 42% Source: US Energy Information Administration Distorted Priorities • The US Stimulus Bill allocated $64 billion to electricity/coal related energy (like CCS, wind and solar) and only $3 billion to oil replacement issues. • If our goal is to reduce CO2 emissions, why aren't we attacking the larger source? Death Tolls - A Comparison • Deaths as result of oil related wars (last 35 years)- 6- 6.7 million • Possible deaths as result of oil related wars (next 20 years)- 100 million • Possible deaths as result of global warming (next 20-50-80 years)- Hard to determine, but according to IPCC the severe impact will happen in 50-80 years A Question of Priorities Putting Climate Change ahead of eliminating the strategic value of oil … it is like a physician telling a 25 year old… “You have brain tumor and without treatment you will die in three years. However, we will not do anything about it. Instead you should take medicine to reduce your cholesterol.” We have a brain tumor It is called global oil dependency: • It ruins our economy • It funds radical Islam • It kills millions today and most likely will be the cause of a new world war It is time to get our priorities right Drill, baby, drill ? The United States: • Uses 23% of world oil supply • Has 3% of the world's oil reserves • Most likely production costs of new US oil findings at $50-100 /barrel OPEC: • 79% of the world’s oil reserves • Production costs under $10 /barrel Save – efficiency – CAFE • If the US will implement the current CAFE standards, its oil consumption in 2030 will be a few percent lower than today • Yes – we should improve efficiency (and faster), but we cannot save our way off oil • Smoking 18 cigarettes a day instead of 20 is marginal – we need to quit smoking altogether What is the increase of OPEC production since 1973? • 100% • 50% • 20% • -2% OPEC since 1973- Controlling Oil Supply (and prices) OPEC Crude Oil Production 120% 31 100% 29 mbd 27 80% 25 60% 23 21 40% 19 20% 17 15 0% 2009 annualized 2007 2005 2003 2001 1999 1997 1995 1993 Source: Energy Information Administration 1991 1989 1987 1985 1983 1981 1979 1977 1975 1973 Year Indexed against 1973 production levels 33 What happened in 2008? Demand falls… OPEC cuts production 88 32 31.5 31 30.5 30 29.5 29 28.5 28 27.5 27 87 86 85 84 83 82 1Q08 Source: Oil Market Report, IEA and EIA 2Q08 3Q08 4Q08 Global Oil Demand, mbd 1Q09 2Q09 3Q09 4Q09 OPEC Avg Production, mbd Summary 21 Food vs. Fuel One of the best false PR campaigns in history Guess who said this? “Ethanol and other biofuels do not meet environmental and energy security goals… their cultivation eats into the human food supply, reduces the absorption of carbon dioxide as forests are cut down, has not improved the security of energy supply and has not reduced petrol prices… we have to look beyond biofuels… and concentrate instead on truly renewable sources of energy,” he said, flagging solar energy as “perhaps the best source” Ali Al-Naimi Saudi Minister of Petroleum and Mineral Resources at the International Oil Summit ` Biofuels- Good for oil or Bad for oil? The US no longer produces electricity from oil. Whereas biofuels: • Directly displace oil • Snatch petrodollars from the Saudi coffers Merrill Lynch Commodity Strategist Francisco Blanch: Without biofuels, the price of oil would be about 15% higher than it now is. It’s the OIL - not the Ethanol. Higher commodity prices (like corn) are driven by OIL prices, not Ethanol production volumes! Sources: NYMEX, USDA, RFA The campaign against biofuels The Lie: “Growing biofuels destroys the rainforests” The Truth- Growing biofuels does not destroy the rainforests • Brazil has substituted over 50% of what would be its gasoline consumption with ethanol sugarcane • Should Brazil double its ethanol production, this would take up 3.3% of its total agricultural land • This land is not the Amazon • In fact, you cannot grow sugarcane in the Amazon A Billion Acres Of Abandoned Agricultural Land Source: Campbell et al., Env. Sci. Technol. (2008) ASAP Article, 10.1021/es800052w Not Enough Land For Biomass? Total Global Acreage Forest 8B acres 26B acres Crops Pasture Other 3.2B acres 6.8B acres 4B acres 10% = .68 0.675 B acres x 20 t/ac x 2.38 B / t = 88M barrels per day Source: Ceres, FAO Statistical Database Varying regional yields are barriers to meeting food demand Corn Yield USA 160 China 140 World Average Brazil 100 India Bushels per Acre 120 Sub-Saharan Africa Argentina 80 60 40 20 0 1990 Source: IMF 1995 2000 Year 2005 Historically, food is not expensive 30 Food expenditures by families and individuals as percentage of disposable personal income 25 Percentage 20 15 10 5 0 2007 2004 2001 Total 1998 Away from Home 1995 Home 1992 1989 1986 1983 1980 1977 1974 1971 1968 1965 1962 1959 1956 1953 1950 1947 1944 1941 1938 1935 1932 1929 Year Source: USDA