Nanotechnology in Daily Life
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Transcript Nanotechnology in Daily Life
Nanotechnology in Daily Life
Joshua Moreno
Danielle Miller
Scott Marwil
Overview
Nanotechnology in Electronics
Nanotechnology in Automobiles
Nanotechnology in Clothing
Nanotechnology in Electronics
Very close to being
in actual consumer
products
Can increase the
power and speed
of devices by
several times
Current Process
Lithography – top down method of writing
structures on a surface with a probe
Lithography can only go so far
Memory and processor speeds are nearing
their current theoretical maximums
As we near the theoretical limits,
traditional silicon chips become less
reliable due to size issues
Square arrays over hexagonal
Computers
The new process of
building computers
will be with a bottom
up process
Block co-polymer
lithography
3-4 times smaller
chips
2-3 times the power
No start-up time
Faster Processors
etching can only go
so far
10-15% better
drive current gives
better performance
and less leakage
Transistors from
carbon nanotubes
that have doubled
the electrical
current
New Memory Types
Nanodots
Nano sized dots of
nickle
Terabyte storage
capacity
Can be packed
much closer as
they act as
independent units
Bio-Nanotechnology
Nano chips inside of
cells
Huge medical
potential
Spiral structure found
most durable
By 2020, 2500
transistors could fit on
a cell
Cell Phones
Many the same
aspects of computers
Smaller transistors
give higher
frequencies = better
reception
Longer battery life
Phone companies
would need less
towers
Cameras
Possibilities of no flash
SMPD image sensors
can sense more light
and IR wave lengths
12 mega pixel cell
phone cameras due to
quantum dots
Quantum dots are
color specific and
absorb and transfer
light better than
silicon receptors
Maybe not Everyday to You
The U.S. military
uses electronics on
an everyday basis.
Night vision and
thermal imagers are
used by soldiers,
pilots, and UAVs
Gives the US a
major advantage
Night Vision
The core of night
vision is the
microchannel
plate(MCP)
Electrons pass
through thousands of
microchannels which
multiply the electrons
New microfilm that is
10,000 times thinner
than a human hair
Thermal Detectors
New development with carbon
nanotubes
Microbolometer detectors
New technology has lowered micron
pitch down to 17 from previous
numbers of 50-100.
Wrap-up
Still a lot of development occurring in
this field
However the first of the next
generation of chips, processors,
computers, etc should be coming
into the market within the next
couple of years
Greatly increases the current
capabilities in all aspects
Nanotechnology in
Automobiles
Unless otherwise indicated, all information and figures in this section are from:
Skandan, Ganesh, Singhal, Amit, and Soberevilla, Damian
(2009) ‘Automotive Parts: Impact of Nanotechnology’, Dekker
Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Second
Edition, 1, 241-248
Nanotechnology in Automobiles
Coatings
Structural Applications
Aftermarket Products
Potential Applications
Clear Coatings
Outer paint of car
has 5+ layers
~100 μm
Benefits
• 3x scratch
resistance
• Longer gloss life
Future: UV curing
• Less VOCs
• Better
appearance
• Better Durability
Antireflection Coatings
http://www.ytca.com/images/site_images/coated.jpg
Glass with nanoscale layers of
sun protecting and infrared
reflecting material embedded in it.
Engine Block Coating
Why nanostructured coatings could improve engine efficiency?
Engine Block Coating
Qualities Needed:
•
•
•
•
•
Low friction
Corrosion resistant
Scuffing resistant
Thermal insulation
Affinity for oil
coating
Research is being conducted, but not likely to reach market
anytime soon.
Nanomaterials for Structural
Applications
Objective: Reduce weight of vehicles
Nanomaterials for Structural
Applications
Objective: Reduce weight of vehicles
Nanomaterials for Structural
Applications
Objective: Reduce weight of vehicles
• 25% less than glass and carbon fiber
filled plastics
• 80% less than steel
Nanomaterials for Structural
Applications
Objective: Reduce weight of vehicles
• 25% less than glass and carbon fiber
filled plastics
• 80% less than steel
Why: Improve fuel economy
Positive Effect: Mechanical properties
are better than traditional materials
Negative Effect: Increases the cost
This application of nanotechnology can be found in everyday cars.
Nanotechnology-Enabled Products
for the Aftermarket
Windshield coatings repel
•
•
•
•
•
•
Rain
Snow
Bugs
Bird droppings
Spray paint
Most other liquids
Car Air Purifier
• Circulated air cleaned by a reduction and
oxidation through a photocatalytic reaction
Potential Applications
Catalytic Converters & Fuel Cells
• Nanocomposite catalysts
reduce the amount of Pt
• Pt costs a lot
www.etrailer.com/Merchant2/graphics/00000001/pics/M/F/
MFConverter%20Diagram%20with%20Air%20Tube_500.jpg
Potential Applications
Magnetic Sensors
• Allow contactless determination
of mechanical parameters
• Multiple layers of metal
• Each layer only 1-2nm
Engine Coolants
• Greater thermal conductivity
Better heat transfer
Summary of Nanotechnology
Applications to Modern Automobiles
Nanotechnology in Clothing
Resistant to spills and stains
Water resistant
Odor resistant
Ability to conduct electricity
Spill and Stain Resistance
Treats the material with chemicals
that change the clothing on the
molecular level
Allows for spills to bead, rather than
soak into fabrics
Water Resistance
Material made from coating polyester
fibers with small silicone filaments
Layer of silicone nanofilaments is
highly hydrophobic
Causes water to bead
Water Resistance
Combination of hydrophobic surface
chemistry and the nanoparticle
structure leads to this “superhydrophobic” effect
Water Resistance
Lotus leaves use a similar
combination of water repelling
materials and tiny nanostructures
The silicone nanostructures also trap
a layer of air in-between them
creating a permanent air layer
known as a plastron
Odor Resistance
Material that can trap odors and
release them in the washing machine
Achieved by treating the fabric with
nanoparticles
Conducting Electricity
Pairs of textile fibers covered with
zinc oxide nanowires can generate
electrical current using the
piezoelectric effect.
Conducting Electricity
Conducting Electricity
Nanogenerators create electricity
through movement
Allows a person to power their own
electrical devices while moving
Conducting Electricity
Current nanogenerators do not
produce enough power
After further research, estimates say
one sq meter of material could
produce 80 mW of power
Conclusion
Research is proving that the
possibilities are limitless
Some items already marketed
Nano-tex
Further research still needed
Sources
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=3892457
http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn16126-nanotech-clothing-fabric-never-gets-wet.html
http://www.nano-tex.com/technologies/neutralizer.html
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2008-02/giot-fni020908.php
Questions
?
Group S4 Rebuttal
nd
(2
Presentation)
Joshua Moreno
Danielle Miller
Scott Marwil
General Comments
• Overall, there was very little negative
feedback on the presentation.
• Thanks to all for the constructive criticism.
• We feel we have greatly improved our
presentation skills from the first presentation
to this one.
Speaker Performance
• Several notes were made about inadequate
use of the microphone and laser pointer. We
will do our best to ensure that we make full
use of the items available to present topics
clearly.
• We felt that the presentation was a solid
performance and that only small
improvements could have been made.
Presentation
• Several comments were made about the good
use of relevant pictures and humor. We tried
our best to implement more of these aspects
into our presentation.
• We were missing some citing information and
will do our best to not make this mistake in
the future.
Food
• Everyone loves ICE CREAM!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Presentation:
Nanotechnology in the Daily Life
By Group 4
Fantastic topics chosen
Slides had good format
A lot was presented
◦ Lots of details and specifics about nanotechnology in
computers and cars
◦ Really captured the audience with relevant, and important,
data critical to devices used everyday
◦ Easy to read
◦ Lots of helpful graphics
◦ The need for further inquiry of certain topics was almost
unnecessary due to thorough presentation
Showed a variety of uses from small microprocessors,
to travel and clothing, to an overall global economic
scale.
The topics were broken up into clear, succinct,
subjects that were easy to follow, and all important to
everyday use.
Group 1 thinks that the only area for
improvement would be to practice working
together as group presenters more
◦ However, the overall presentation, transitions, data,
and topics presented were highly professional
Danielle is a bit quiet when speaking. Perhaps
better use of the microphone would have
helped
S2 review of 2nd S4
Nanotechnology in Daily Life
The bad
• Sources of images not cited
• Some font size was too small
• Almost 3 presentations in one file; disjointed
feeling
• Did they really only use 4 sources for the
whole thing?
• Not based on any specific paper(s)
The good
• Professional layout
• Color Scheme was effective and not
distracting
• Relevant figures
• Excellent ability to see how electronics and
automobile applications are relevant to daily
life; not easy to see for clothing
By S3:
James Kancewick
Michael Koetting
Bradford Lamb
Positives
The variety of topics discussed made the presentation
interesting and showed the wide applicability of
nanotechnology in common uses.
Speaking was very good throughout the presentation.
Presentation contained plenty of pictures, which
helped keep the audience entertained with the
presentation.
Areas for Improvement
Almost none of the images had cited sources.
Cite your sources!
Although a lot of information was presented on what
nanotechnology can do in our daily lives, not much
was said about how it achieves these goals.
Add more information regarding mechanisms of each
application.
This would have made each application seem more real
(i.e. currently being done) and less like the dreams of
some futurist.
CHEN 481
Presentation 8 Review
Group 5
Trevor Seidel
Laura Young
Pradip Rijal
Jason Savatsky
Presentation Review
• The speakers all did well. They spoke clearly
and loudly.
• Adding humor to the slides was a good way to
keep the attention of the audience.
• The topics that they chose to discuss were
relevant to the audience. This also helped to
make their presentation interesting.
• The graphics that were shown complimented
the material.
Presentation Review
• The graphical effects on the car picture with
the scratched surface were good and helped
to show the scratches to the audience.
• Overall, the team did a great job, and the ice
cream was very good.
Review: Nanotechnology in the
Daily Life
S6:
Daniel Arnold
John Baumhardt
Michael Tran
Michael Trevathan
http://c2.api.ning.com/files/fuwBh-9*s2IPTynyWgo21mY5IfL2QjfDkfW4fFyCspSRbKBDGTafKNslLXXmED5zWcNkoBVWVnn8nkRvyrzKsfAAuEimkf/Daily_Life_by_Ennokni.jpg
Review
• We enjoyed the macro-scale approach of the
presentation; the impact of nanotechnology in our daily
lives was interesting
• High quality slides
▫ looked like a lot of work was put into making them
▫ Clear and easy to read
▫ Great text to picture ratio
• It was a good to split the topic into electronics,
automobiles, and clothing.
▫ They all have a large impact on our lives
• There were many pictures that helped convey the
concepts throughout the presentation that made
everything easier to understand
Review
• All the presenters spoke clearly and confidently
▫ No filler words
▫ Great transitions
▫ Excellent tone/poise/dress code
• Improvements
▫ The laser pointer should have been used more
▫ All the pictures and text should have been properly cited (we
recognize that each section was sited, but more is required)
▫ The sources at the end of the presentation should not simply be
website pages
• Overall, great presentation – it was a great change from all the
traditional nano-scale experiments
• The ice cream made the entire presentation much more
enjoyable- thanks!