Transcript Safety Tutorial for Job Title

Safety Tutorial
for
Pharmacy Aide
Greg Coriarty
Diversified Cooperative
Occupational Coordinator
Training Tasks for Pharmacy Aide
•Clothing
•Floors, Doors, Exits
•Chemical Hazards
•Ergonomic Hazards
•Other Hazards
•Fire
•Infectious Diseases
•Robbery, Bomb
Scares
•Angry
Customers/Coworkers
•What to Do, Where to
Report
Pre-Test True/False I
Yes, True
Can injuries occur
from inadequate
safety training?
Nearly 50% of injuries
occur during first six
months on the job.
Teens get injured when
they do jobs that they are
not trained to do, lack
adequate supervision, or
works with dangerous
equipment that the law
prohibits
Source:
http://www.lni.wa.gov/IPUB/
700-115-000.pdf
Pre-Test True/False II
Can you refuse to work if you believe in good faith
that the job or conditions are dangerous and are
exposing you to imminent danger?
True
However
• Employees do have the right to refuse to do a job if they believe in good
faith that they are exposed to an imminent danger. "Good faith" means that
even if an imminent danger is not found to exist, the worker had reasonable
grounds to believe that it did exist.
• But, as a general rule, you do not have the right to walk off the job
because of unsafe conditions. If you do and your employer fires or
disciplines you, OSHA may not be able to protect you. So, stay on the
job until the problem can be resolved.
Pre-Test True/False III
The employer does not have to provide training
concerning safety and health.
FALSE
In fact the employer has an obligation to provide
training concerning health and safety, including
information on chemicals that could be harmful
to your health
Pre-Test True/False IV
If you are injured on the job, you have a right to
payment for lost wages and for medical expenses?
TRUE
An injured youth is entitled to
compensation if the injury prevents
him or her from working more than
one week, compels him or her to
work at lower wages, or leaves him or
her with any permanent injury.
Pre-Test True/False V
Based on the information in table 6.1 below, most
fatal injuries happen to Black Females?
Fatal occupational injuries to
youths under age 18 by selected
worker characteristics, 1992–98
Age
Characteristics
Counts
Under 15 .................... 134
15 ............................... 54
16 ............................... 100
17 ............................... 180
15 to17 ....................... 334
Percent
28.6
11.5
21.4
38.5
71.4
Source: Report on the Youth Labor Force
Occupational Injuries, Illnesses, and Fatalities Chapter 6 Table 6.1
NOTE: Percentages may not add to totals because some categories are
omitted
Race/ethnicity
Characteristics
Counts Percent
White ......................... 399
Black .......................... 26
Asian or
Pacific Islander ......... 11
Other .......................... 32
Hispanic origin ........... 67
85.3
5.6
2.4
6.8
14.3
Sex
Characteristics
Counts Percent
Males ......................... 416
Females ..................... 52
88.9
11.1
False
• Based on gender, 88.9 percent of fatal
occupational injuries happened to males.
• Based on race or ethnicity, 85.3 percent fatal
occupational injuries happened to white males and
females.
• One final point, 38.5 percent of fatal occupational
injuries happened to 17 year olds.
Appropriate Clothes/Personal Appearance
• Smile
• White lab coat
• Limited jewelry, nothing
loose or baggy
• Hair out of eyes
• Comfortable
footwear with non-slip
soles
• Limited, natural looking
make-up
Floors
• Wipe a spill up immediately
• Place items where they belong
• Pay attention – watch where you
are walking
• Use wet floor signs to indicate a
slippery area
Source: http://www.osha-safety-training.net
Doors and Exits
• Keep all doors clutter and
obstruction free
• Keep all paths to the door
unobstructed
• They are to be marked with
illuminated signage for easy
identification
Source: http://www.osha-safety-training.net
Ergonomic Hazards - Lifting
• Ergonomics is the science and
practice of designing jobs or
workplaces to match the capabilities
and limitations of the human body.
• Ergonomics is a way to prevent
musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs),
such as tendonitis, carpal tunnel
syndrome, and low back injuries.
• The American Society of Safety
Engineers (ASSE) recently published
a statistic that back injuries due to
heavy lifting are the number one
cause of lost time injuries (injuries
serious enough to require time off
work) among workers under the age
of 18.
Source: Washington State Department of Labor and
Industries -Ergonomics for Schoolchildren and Young
Workers
Source: http://www.osha-safety-training.net
Do You Know Your Limit?
• There is a tendency among
young workers, especially young
men, to believe that they are in
some way invincible, that injuries
can’t happen to them. The
problem can be compounded
when employers believe in this
invincibility as well and assign
physically demanding tasks to
young workers.
• Determine you own lifting limit.
Source: Washington State Department of Labor and Industries
Emergency Doors and Exits
In the event of an emergency:
• Know where the exits are. Exits are
to be clearly marked. Emergency
exits could be different from the
everyday exit.
• Locked emergency exits are to be
equipped with a panic bar for quick
and easy escape.
• Know the secondary route.
– Secondary routes are to be available
in case the primary route is blocked.
If There is a Need to Evacuate (fire, bomb scare)
Know What to Do and Where to Go
• Exit routes must be marked, lighted, free of
obstructions, and locks must not be used on
doors to impede or prevent escape
• An emergency action plan and a fire
prevention plan must be in place
• Each doorway or passage along an exit
access that could be mistaken for an exit
must be marked “Not an Exit” or similar
designation, or be identified by a sign
indicating its actual use (e.g., closet)
• There is to be a continuous and
unobstructed path of exit travel from any point
within a workplace to a place of safety
• Leave everything and go quickly, but
orderly.
Source: OSHA Office of Training
and Education
If You Need to Use a Fire Extinguisher
• Know where the fire
extinguishers are.
• They should be clearly marked
on the emergency evacuation
chart or floor plan.
• Fire extinguishers are to be
unobstructed, freely accessed.
• Fire extinguishers have
specific purposes.
Extinguisher Classification
Letter classification given an extinguisher is to designate
the class or classes of fire on which it will be effective.
Class A – ordinary combustibles (wood,
cloth, paper)
Class B – flammable liquids, gases, greases
Class C – energized electrical equipment
Class D – combustible metals
Ordinary
Source:
OSHA
Office of
Training
and
Education
Flammable
A
B
Combustibles
Liquids
Electrical
C
Equipment
Combustible
D
Metals
Know How to Use the Fire Extinguisher
Source: http://www.osha-safety-training.net
Chemical Hazards
• Potential hazard exposure of teen workers to
potentially hazardous chemicals includes floor
cleaners, pesticides, disinfectants, soaps,
detergents, and latex.
• Soaps and detergents may cause allergic
reactions and skin irritation.
• Broken skin from soap or detergent irritation
may provide an avenue for infection or injury if
exposed to chemical hazards.
• Latex gloves may cause skin irritation or allergic
reactions in some teen workers.
Ask your employer about possible toxic effects of the chemicals you are required
to use. You have the right to read Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for any
chemicals you use. MSDS provide employers and employees with information to
protect themselves from hazardous chemical exposures and to work safely with
chemical products.
Source: http://www.osha-safety-training.net
Chemical Hazards – What Can You Do?
• Employers have the primary responsibility for protecting the safety and
health of their workers. Employees are responsible for following the safe
work practices of their employers.
• Read the product label and follow instructions and recommendations
listed on the label.
• Use the least toxic cleaning products possible.
• Use any personal protective equipment provided by your employer such
as gloves, eye goggles, and special aprons.
• Be sure you are properly trained in the need for and use of personal
protective equipment.
• After removing gloves, wash your hands with mild soap and water, and
dry thoroughly.
• Avoid latex gloves if you have been diagnosed with latex allergy.
• Do not mix chlorine bleach and ammonia products together. This
combination will create a toxic gas.
Other Hazards
Car Exhaust
•Potential hazard is employee
exposure to automobile exhaust.
•Automobile exhaust contains harmful
pollutants, primarily carbon
monoxide.
•Carbon monoxide inhibits the ability
of the blood to adsorb oxygen in the
lungs. Inhaling high levels and
concentrations can lead to poisoning.
•Carbon monoxide poisoning can
result in headache, fatigue, flu-like
symptoms, and potential heart
problems, including chest pain,
irregular heart beat, and cardiac
arrest.
Strains and Sprains
•Potential hazard is the employee
exposure to strains and sprains from
tasks that require repetitive motions.
•Tasks such as excessive reaching,
lifting, and leaning out of drive-thru
windows to hand customers their
orders may lead to injuries.
•Exposure to prolonged standing
while working the drive-thru
window can cause stress and
strain to workers' backs and legs.
Infectious Diseases
•
•
Source: http://www.osha-safety-training.net
Hands must be washed and
re-gloved
Repeated use of a single pair of
gloves or washing of gloves
between patients is not
recommended, since such
practice is likely to produce
defects in the glove material,
which will diminish its value as
an effective barrier
Bloodborne Disease Transmission
• Hepatitis B (HBV) and C viruses (HCV) and HIV are important
bloodborne diseases.
– Hepatitis" means "inflammation of the liver"
• Potential for HBV transmission in the workplace setting is greater
than for HCV or HIV.
• Modes of transmission for these three viruses are similar.
• All have been transmitted in occupational settings.
• Blood is the single most important source of these viruses in the
workplace setting.
Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
More on Hepatitis B (HBV)
• Hepatitis B initially causes inflammation of the liver, but it can lead to
more serious conditions such as cirrhosis and liver cancer.
• There is no "cure" or specific treatment for HBV, but many people who
contract the disease will develop antibodies which help them get over the
infection and protect them from getting it again. It is important to note,
however, that there are different kinds of hepatitis, so infection with HBV
will not stop someone from getting another type.
• The Hepatitis B virus is very durable, and it can survive in dried blood for
up to seven days. For this reason, this virus is the primary concern for
employees such as housekeepers, custodians, laundry personnel and
other employees who may come in contact with blood or potentially
infectious materials in a non first-aid or medical care situation.
Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Symptoms of HBV
• The symptoms of HBV are very much like a mild "flu“
• Initially there is a sense of fatigue, possible stomach pain, loss of appetite,
and even nausea.
• As the disease continues to develop, jaundice (a distinct yellowing of the
skin and eyes), and a darkened urine will often occur.
• However, people who are infected with HBV will often show no symptoms
for some time. After exposure it can take 1-9 months before symptoms
become noticeable.
• Loss of appetite and stomach pain, for example, commonly appear within
1-3 months, but can occur as soon as 2 weeks or as long as 6-9 months
after infection.
Source: Oklahoma State University http://www.pp.okstate.edu/ehs/MODULES/bbp/Diseases.htm
What to do?
What should you do if you are exposed to the blood
of a patient or customer?
• Immediately following an exposure to blood:
– Wash all cuts with soap and water
– Flush splashes to the nose, mouth, or skin with water
– Irrigate eyes with clean water, saline, or sterile irrigants
• Report the exposure
Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Infectious Diseases Exposure to Blood
What Healthcare Personnel Need to Know
What To Do During A Robbery
• Cooperate with the robber
– Do exactly as you are told.
– If you don't understand what you are being told to do, ask.
– Give the robber(s) what they want. Don't argue.
– Don't move too quickly or reach for anything. Tell the robber(s) what you
are doing.
• Keep it short and smooth
– The longer the robbery takes the more nervous the robber is.
– The average robbery takes less than 2 minutes.
• Be observant
– Observe the person(s) involved for the purpose of describing clothing
and physical features.
• Eye Color, distinguishing features (scars, walks with limp)
– Observe the person or persons' means of escape, direction of travel and
description of vehicle.
What To Do After The Robbery
• Call Police (9-1-1) after the robbery is over
– Stay on the phone until police tell you to hang up.
– Record the suspect(s) description on an "I.D." form or piece of paper.
• Write down a description of the robber including sex, race, height, weight, build,
eye and hair color, scars or tattoo, jewelry, approximate age, and clothing.
• Protect the crime scene
– Don't touch anything. Leave everything as it is. Don't try to
clean up or touch any possible evidence.
– There may be suspect(s) finger prints or other physical evidence crucial
to the investigation.
What Not to Do During A Robbery
•
•
•
•
•
Do not Resist
Do not fight.
Do not use weapons.
Do not chase the robber
Don't try to persuade the robber to give himself/herself
up.
– Once a robbery has started, it is too late for a robber to change his/her
mind.
Source: Seattle Police Department http://www.cityofseattle.net/police/prevention/Business/robbery_prevention.htm
You Have Received a Call and it is a Bomb Scare
• Remain calm
• Stay on the phone
• Get all the information you can
– Where is the bomb?
– When is it set to explode?
– Write everything down that the caller says
• Try to signal a coworker or manager to come over
– Let them know the nature of the phone call
– Have them use another phone line or cell phone to alert the
police (9-1-1)
• Turn the situation over to a person of authority
• Assist in the evacuation
– Point customers and coworkers to the exits
– Go quickly, but orderly
Angry/Threatening Customers & Coworkers
• Violence at work occurs when a
worker is made to feel unsafe or
threatened, or is the target of
violent acts.
• It can range from threats and
verbal abuse to physical assaults
and homicides from behaviors
initiated by customers, other
employees, and employers.
Source:http://www.nycosh.org/young_workers/YouthViolence.pdf
• Between 1992 and 2000,63% of
deaths among workers younger
than age 18 were due to assaults
and violent acts, most of which
were homicides. (NIOSH, 2003)
Your Risk for Violence
You may be at risk for violence on the job if you:
• Work at night or early in the
morning
–(e.g., at a convenience store, or
a fast food restaurant)
• Exchange money with the
public
–(e.g.,at a store or a restaurant)
• Work alone
–(e.g. at a store, restaurant)
–Work with the public (in social
services)
• Work with patients or clients
who may be violent
–(e.g., at a hospital or nursing
home)
• Guard property or
possessions
• Work in community settings
–(e.g., cab drivers and
employees “working in the field”)
• Work in high crime areas
Source:http://www.nycosh.org/young_workers/YouthViolence.pdf
What To Do When Anger Is Directed At You
• Listen
–People want to be heard
–Do not interrupt the angry speaker
• Ask, “What would you like me to
do for you?”
• Do not become confrontational
–Remain Calm
–Make eye contact and nod
–Keep a safe distance (3 to 4 feet)
–Be polite (yes, no, please, thank you)
• Get a manager or supervisor as
soon as possible
When it is a Coworker
• Be aware of bullies
– They like to control people by making them feel inadequate
– They are generally threatened by you and are insecure
– A bully is often a boss, so be careful
• Keep documentation of any instances
• Harassment / bullying is illegal
– You have the law on your side
– If you feel that you are being harassed or bullied, it is likely that others
have been or still are being harassed
• Talk about it with a trusted source
– Parent, teacher, counselor, or coordinator
Reporting an Injury
• An injured youngster should report the accident immediately and in writing
to his or her employer.
• The injured youth is entitled to compensation if the injury prevents him or
her from working more than one week, compels him or her to work at lower
wages, or leaves him or her with any permanent injury.
• Compensation generally is limited to two-thirds of the minor's weekly wage,
but not exceeding a stipulated maximum. Medical benefits are payable
regardless of whether the employee has lost time from the job.
• If a minor less than 18 years of age is injured while working in violation of
the provisions of the Labor Law or of an Industrial Code Rule prohibiting or
regulating the employment of minors under 18, his or her compensation is
double the regular award.
Source: New York State Department of Labor – Workers’ Compensation
http://www.labor.state.ny.us/workerprotection/laborstandards/workprot/workcomp.shtm
In Front of You
Complete the 12 question True/False test that I have just handed to
you. You have ten minutes and then we will review.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Write True or False on the line to the far right.
50% of injuries occur within the first six months on
the job?
True or False
___________
You should walk off the job if you believe that
unsafe conditions exist?
True or False
You are entitled to lost wages if injured on the job if
you miss more than one day of work?
When preparing for your shift, your clothing and
appearance should be whatever you are
comfortable with for that day?
True or False
When lifting, you should bend at the knees and
keep your back straight?
Locked emergency exits are to be equipped with a
panic bar. The purpose of the panic bar is that it
makes it easier to let your friends and coworkers in
the building?
Fire extinguishers are classified or identified by
letters and symbols. This classification represents
the size of the fire that the extinguisher can be used
on?
If you wear gloves as a form of protection, you do
not have to wash your hands?
Blood is the single most important source of viruses
(Hepatitis B and C, and HIV) in the workplace
setting?
True or False
If you are being robbed, you should do your best to
talk the robber out of his actions?
After the robbery, you should call the police and get
right back to doing business including cleaning up
any mess that was made during the robbery?
When an angry customer confronts you, the best
thing to do is to move them aside and begin to ask
them a lot of questions?
True or False
___________
___________
True or False
___________
___________
True or False
___________
True or False
___________
True or False
___________
True or False
___________
___________
True or False
___________
True or False
___________
Post Test Review
1.
50% of injuries occur within the
first six months on the job?
True – Slide # 3 Nearly 50% of
injuries occur during first six months
on the job.
2.
You should walk off the job if you
believe that unsafe conditions
exists?
False – Slide # 5 You do not have the
right to walk off the job because of
unsafe conditions.
3.
You are entitled to lost wages if
injured on the job if you miss
more than one day of work?
False – Slide # 7 An injured youth is
entitled to compensation if the injury
prevents him or her from working
more than one week, compels him or
her to work at lower wages, or leaves
him or her with any permanent injury.
Post Test Review
4. When preparing for your
shift, your clothing and
appearance should be
whatever you are
comfortable with for that
day?
5. When lifting, you should
bend at the knees and keep
your back straight?
False – Slide # 10 Dress
appropriately which means
within the guidelines of your
employer.
True – Slide # 13
Post Test Review
6. Locked emergency exits are
to be equipped with a panic
bar. The purpose of the
panic bar is that it makes it
easier to let your friends
and coworkers in the
building?
7. If you wear gloves as a form
of protection, you do not
have to wash your hands?
False – Slide # 15 Locked
emergency exits are to be
equipped with a panic bar for
quick and easy escape.
False – Slide # 21 After
removing gloves, wash your
hands with mild soap and water,
and dry thoroughly
Post Test Review
8. Fire extinguishers are
classified or identified by
letters and symbols. This
classification represents the
size of the fire that the
extinguisher can be used
on?
9. Blood is the single most
important source of viruses
(Hepatitis B and C, and
HIV) in the workplace
setting?
False – Slide # 18 Letter
classification given an
extinguisher is to designate the
class or classes of fire on which
it will be effective.
True – Slide # 24 Blood is the
single most important source of
these viruses in the workplace
setting.
Post Test Review
10. If you are being robbed, you
should do your best to talk the
robber out of his actions?
11. After the robbery, you should call
the police and get right back to
doing business including
cleaning up any mess that was
made during the robbery?
12. When you are confronted by an
angry customer, the best thing to
do is to move them aside and
begin to ask them a lot of
questions?
False – Slide # 30 Once a robbery
has started, it is too late for a robber
to change his/her mind.
False – Slide # 29 Don't touch
anything. Leave everything as it is.
Don't try to clean up or touch any
possible evidence.
False - # 34 Listen, people want to be
heard; do not interrupt the angry
speaker.
Safety Web Resources
University of California at Berkeley
www.youngworkers.org
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
www.cdc.gov/niosh
www.lni.wa.gov/IPUB/700-115-000.pdf
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
http://www.osha-safety-training.net
Oklahoma State University
www.pp.okstate.edu/ehs/MODULES/bbp/Diseases.htm
Seattle Police Department
www.cityofseattle.net/police/prevention/Business/robbery_prevention.htm
Safety Web Resources
New York State Department of Labor
www.labor.state.ny.us/workerprotection/laborstandards/workprot/workcomp.shtm
New York Committee for Occupational Safety and Health (NYCOSH)
www.nycosh.org/young_workers/YouthViolence.pdf
United States Department of Labor
www.youth2work.gov/
http://www.youthrules.dol.gov/
Have a safe day