Transcript U.S. History I

U.S. History I
Chapter 6 Section 1
“The New South”
2.1, 2.2, 9.1
Industries and Cities Grow
• After the American Civil War, southern
leaders wanted to Industrialize the south
• Many Factories opened
• Railroad built between major southern
cities
• Atlanta, Dallas, Nashville, began to rival
Chicago and Boston
• Recovery Limited– South had to “repair” damage after war and
still lagged behind north
– Limited public education could not create
effective workforce
– Southern banks failed after war
Southern Farmers Face Hard
Times
• Cash Crop: Cotton/Tobacco still very
popular in south
• Cotton prices fell
• Reliance on one crop was risky
• Farmer’s Alliance: Groups that negotiated
lower farm supply prices
Black Southerners Gain and Lose
• Gains: Abolition of Slavery (13th Amendment),
Citizenship (14th), and Voting Rights (15th).
• Businesses opened
• More Political Power Achieved
• More access to education
• White Backlash: Ku Klux Klan: used terror and
violence to intimidate
• Segregation laws passed
• Civil Rights Act of 1875: Overturned by
supreme court in 1883
• Plessy v. Ferguson: “Separate but Equal”
– Set up legalized segregation for decades “Jim Crow)
Chapter 6
Section 2
Westward Expanion and American
Indians
2.6, 9.3, 9.4
Background: Treaties/Local
Interest
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1830: Indian Removal
-reservation- Land set aside
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For American Indians
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1851: Ft. Laramie
-allowed forts
1867: Medicine Lodge
-Move to reservations
1868: Ft. Laramie:
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-Sioux move to “Black Hills”
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“Sioux Uprising and Fetterman
Fight”: Peace Plans Fail
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Nomads – roamed vast
distances following their main
source of food.
Annuities – payments to
reservation dwellers
Little Crow – Asked (right)
traders to provide food to his
people on credit.
Fetterman’s Massacre:
Wyoming – The Lakota Sioux
defended their territory against
the building of the Bozeman
Trail
Red River War:
Oklahoma/Texas 1867 treaty
broken as whites hunt buffalo
on Indian land” 1874-1875:
Comanche-Kiowas rebel and
then surrender to U.S. Army
Sand Creek to Little Big Horn
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Sand Creek Massacre – Took
place along Sand Creek in
eastern Colorado. Black Kettle-
Indian Peace Commission –
Proposed creating two large
reservations on the Plains.
One for the Sioux and one for
the southern Plains Indians.
George A. Custer-bottom left
Commander of the Seventh
Cavalry. Crazy Horse: Bottom
Right – Little Big Horn
Montana: 1876: Custer attacks
Sioux/Cheyenne Forces and is
slaughtered
Ghost Dance – ritual that
celebrated a hoped-for day of
reckoning when settlers would
disappear, the buffalo would
return, and native Americans
would be reunited with their
deceased ancestors.
Wounded Knee: The Last Indian
Battle 1890
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Chief Joseph:Top Left: Nez
Perce chief captured near
Bear Paw MountainMontana: “I will fight no more,
forever” 1877
Geronimo: Bottom:
Surrendered in 1886 near
Skeleton Canyon, Arizona
Sitting Bull:Top Right: Sioux
Chief killed on Reservation
Dec 15th 1890 two weeks
before “Wounded Knee”
Helen Hunt Jackson: Bottom
Right: Wrote A Century of
Dishonor to criticize
government treatment of
Native Americans
“Last Indian Battle”
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Wounded Knee: South Dakota: Dec. 29th 1890:
U.S. Troops attack and kill between 250-500
Sioux men, women, and children who were
taking part in a “Ghost Dance” This event
marked the end of all Indian Resistance
Assimilate – to be absorbed/blend
Allotments – were families could be selfsupporting. (Dawes Act)
Current Reservations: U.S.
Pine Ridge Statistics: Sioux
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Income: $2,600-$3,500/ year
Unemployment Rate: 83%
% Below Poverty Line: 97%
Life Expectancy: Men = 48
Women = 52
Teen Suicide Rate: 150%
Higher than U.S.
Drop-out rate: 70%
80% of families affected by
alcohol related issues
59% of homes considered
“unlivable”
Native American Citizenship
granted: 1924! Ironic!
Lakota Woman: Mary Crow
Dog
Discusses AIM and the 1970’s
Chapter 6
Settling the West
1865-1900
Section 3
Transforming the West: Mining
Ranching, and Farming
2.1, 2.3, 2.6
“Comstock Lode”
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Placer Mining – Using
picks, shovels, and pans.
Quartz Mining – Dug
deep beneath the
surface. -Dynamite
Henry Comstock –Right
Staked a claim in Six Mile
Canyon, Nevada.
Vigilance Committees –
self appointed volunteers
punishing wrongdoers.
Boom Town: Virginia City
http://www.ghosttowns.co
m/states/nm/nm.html
“ The Long Drive”
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Open Range – A vast
area of grassland owned
by the government.
Long Drive – From either
Abilene or Dodge City in
Kansas to Sedalia,
Missouri.
Chisholm Trail – A town
that rivaled the mining
towns in terms of
rowdiness.
Mavericks – stray calves
with no identifying
symbols
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“Range Wars”-open
fighting between
cattle ranchers
(Cowboys)
William H. Bonney:
“Billy the Kid”
Lincoln County
War: N.Mex.
“End of Long Drive”
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Barbed Wire –
enabled hundreds of
square miles to be
fenced off cheaply
and easily. –Joseph
Glidden (Right Pic.)
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Refrigerated Rail Car
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-Gustavus Swift (Left
Pic.)
“Great American Desert”
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Great Plains – Extended
westward to the Rocky
Mountains from around the
100th meridian.
Stephen Long – Explored
the region with an army
expedition in 1819.
Homestead Act – For a $10
registration fee, an
individual could file for a
homestead.
Homestead – A tract of
public land available for
settlement.
Farming the Plains
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Dry Farming – Plant seeds deep in the
ground where there was enough moisture
for them to grow.
Sodbusters – those who plowed the soil
on the Plains.
Bonanza Farms – Large Corporate Farms
that often yielded big profits. Drove Small
Family Farms out of Business.
Railroads Open the West
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Transcontinental Railroad: Linked the east and
west
Land Grants: Government land given to RR
companies to sell
Central Pacific: Sacramento, California (Chinese
Immigrants)
Union Pacific: Omaha, Nebraska (Irish, German,
African American)
1869: Promontory Point, Utah: Place that
country was officially “connected” with GOLDEN
SPIKE