Transcript Learn Test Automation & QTP

Learn Test Automation &
start using HP QuickTest Professional (QTP)
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Topics being Covered
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Automation – Need for automation, Rules of automation
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Exposure to the Automation Concepts and Kick start the learning
of one of the leading tool QTP
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Need of Automation
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Speed : Automation Scripts run very fast when compared to human
users
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Reliable : Tests perform precisely the same operations each time they
are run, there by eliminating human error.
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Repeatable: We can test how the application reacts after repeated
execution of the same operation
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Comprehensive : We can build a suite of tests that covers every
feature in our application
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Reusable : We can reuse tests on different versions of an application,
even if the user interface changes.
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Golden Rules for Automation
Testing Tools are usually very expensive. The test manager or the test lead
has to think twice before going in for automating his test effort. There are
also some widely held false notions or beliefs about automation tools.
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Product feature understanding, test planning, test case documentation,
test bed setup, defect tracking, progression tests are all done in manual
mode
Test automation success depends on robustness of the test cases not
on the test tool.
Every manual step has commands in test scripts
If it is not worth, DO NOT AUTOMATE.
Do not build application logic in your test scripts
Always have a common know base state for test cases
One test script Action must address one test case.
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Various functional testing tools available
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Quick Test Professional (HP)
WinRunner (HP)
Robot (IBM Rational)
Functional Tester (IBM Rational)
SilkTest (Borland)
TestComplete (AutomatedQA)
QAWizard (Seapine)
TestPartner (Compuware)
QEngine (AdventNet)
Open source tools (Sahi, Watir)
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Life Cycle Of Automation
Analyze the Application
Select The Tool
Identify the session
Design/ Record Test Scripts
Run the Test Scripts
Finding & Reporting Defects
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Introduction to QTP
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Developed by Mercury interactive now owned by HP
Developed for web functionality
QTP supports both web applications & windows applications
QTP Developed in 2002, present version in the market is 9.5
Test Script developed on VB Script
QTP supported Technology
 .NET. J2EE, Main Frame, XML, Java, Delphi
 ERP -> SAP, Seibel, People soft
QTP Supports both Technical & Non Technical People
QTP run on only windows platform not supporting UNIX, Linux etc
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Environment needs for QTP 9.2
System Requirement: Equivalent to P3 and above
Hardware Drive
: 250MB of Free Memory space
RAM
Operating System
: 512MB of RAM
: M/S windows 2000 server with 3-4 service pack
M/S windows XP with 1-2 SP
M/S windows 2003 with no service pack
Web Browser
: MS Internet Explorer 5.5 and above
Netscape Navigator 6.11, 6.22, 6.23, 7.02, 7.1
AOL 8.0, 9.0
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Add Ins Supported by QTP
Technology supported by the QTP
By default three Add Ins are there in QTP
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ActiveX
VB
Web
Additional Add ins:
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Java
Oracle
People soft
.NET
Terminal Emulator (RTE)
SAP
Siebel
Delphi
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Window Structure of QTP
1) Test Pane
2) Active Screen
3) Data Table
4) Debug Viewer
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Architecture Of QTP
Script(.mts file)
Shared Repository t (.tsr file)
Global Sheet
Environment Parameter
Test Parameter
Action1
Rep1 (.mtr file)
Sheet1 (localSheet)
Parameters - Action Parameters
Action2
Rep 2 (.mtr file)
Sheet 2 (localSheet)
Parameters - Action Parameters
Action3
Rep 3 (.mtr file)
Sheet3 (localSheet)
Parameters - Action Parameters
”
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Topics Being Explained Here
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Object Spy
Object Identification
 Understanding customizing Non – Standard Objects
 Understanding Way of Recognition
Object Repository
Simple Record and Replay
Types of Record – Context Sensitive, Analog, Low Level Record
Managing Script with Various Data
 Parameters (DataTable)
VB Scripting (String Manipulation, Msgbox, Split command, InStr,
Loops, Conditions)
Managing Script with Dynamic Objects
 Regular Expression
 Smart Identification
Check Points – Standard, Bitmap, Text
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Object Spy
Object spy is
used to display
or view all the
physical
properties and
methods of an
object.
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Object Identification
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Used to Map non Standard Object to Standard Object
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Used to configure Recognition properties for an object class.
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Recognition properties are configured using
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Mandatory Properties
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Assistive properties (are used when mandatory property fails
to recognize the object uniquely)
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Ordinal Identifier (are used when both mandatory and
assistive fails to recognize the object uniquely)
 Location (Represent x- coordinate of the screen or parent
object Nearest to x is 0)
 Index (Works based on active screen – active screen
being 0 by default)
 Creation Time (For web browsers, no. of instances
decides the creation time)
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Object Repository
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Stores the object for the purpose of playing back
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Uses Logical Name and Description properties to recognize
the object from script and application respectively
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Description Properties are created through Object
Identification
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Repository can be managed using Per Action mode (.mtr
File) and Shared Repository Mode (.tsr File) by the script
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Object Repository Dialog Box
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Recording Modes
Three are Modes of Recording
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Context Sensitive or Normal Recording – Uses the object class
and properties and method to perform action.
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Analog Recording – Understands only the key or mouse
movements
 Relative to the screen: Desktop.RunAnalog “Track1”
 Relative to the window:
Window(<<objName>>).RunAnalog “Track1”
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Low Level Recording – Understand the x and y coordinate of
the within the object on which the action is performed.
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Object(<<ObjName>>).Click (22,45)
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Recording a Test
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Record & Run Setting
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Running a Test and Saving Results
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Viewing Test Results
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Virtual Object
Virtual Object is used to identify the properties of similar objects in a
particular Area. For Instance
In normal recording if we select the paint brush window, the
script will look like following:
window(“Paint”).Activate
Window(“Paint”).Winobject(“colors”).Click 72,16
Window(“Paint”).Winobject(“colors”).Click 80,14
Window(“Paint”).Close
If we are using Virtual object, the script will look like following
window(“Paint”).Activate
Window(“Paint”).Winobject(“colors”).Virtual Button(“RED”)
Window(“Paint”).Winobject(“colors”).Virtual Button(“RED”)
Window(“Paint”).Close
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VB Scripting
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Msgbox()
Inputbox()
String manupulation
 Using Variables
 Using Concatenation
 Split ()
 Instr()
Loops – For loop, Do while, Select Case
Conditions – If then Else
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Parameters – Data manipulation
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Script Level Parameterization
 Constant
 DataTable(“clmName”,dtLocal/GlobalSheet)
 RandomNumber(start,End)
 Environment(“Paraname”)
 Action Parameter - Parameter(“ParaName”)
Action Parameter
 Constant
 DataTable
 RandomNumber
 Environment
 Test Parameter
Test Parameter
 Constant (Test Parameter can be configured only through Action
Parameter)
Environment Parameter
 Build In
 User Defined
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Action Parameter
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To create an Action Parameter – Go to Action, Right Click, Select
Action Properties and give Default value to be used.
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To Modify Action Parameter default value – Go to Action, Right
Click, Select Action Call Properties and select the parameter for
which modification is needed, select value column and click on
configure value button under value.
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To control the iteration of Action Sheet - Go to Action, Right
Click, Select Action call properties and Run tab
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Test Parameter &Environment
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Test Parameter
 File->Setting->Parameter Tab
 Only constant value can be used
 To use the test parameter in the script, Test parameter needs to
configured to action parameter.
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Environment Parameter
 File->Setting->Environment Tab
 Build in and User defined parameters
 To use the environment in other machines, use export and import
under environment parameter tab
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Setting the Parameter Value
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Using Data Sheet (Global, Local & Location)
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Multiple Actions
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How to Create New Actions?
 Creating as Independent Action (Call to New action, Select “at the
end of test” radio button)
 Creating as Nested Action (Call to new action, Select “After the
current test” radio button)
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Dependent Action – One action depends on another action for want
of data
 Using Datatable Output Value
 Using Output Parameter Output Value
 Output value
 Select the object from active screen, Right click, Select output
value
 At Recording time Select from menu Insert->Output Value>Standard Output value
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Reusable Actions
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How to make an action as Reusable Action?
Passing Parameters for Reusable Action
 Using Input Parameters
 Using Output Parameters
SystemUtil Commands
.Exist Command
Syntex of Reusable Action
 RunAction “ActionName[ScriptName]”, One/Alliteration,
Parameters(optional)
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Dynamic Objects
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What is Dynamic Object?
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When we can say, the object is dynamic?
Ways to Solve those dynamic objects
 SetTOProperty
 Parent().Object(“Logical”).SetTOProperty “propertyName”, Value
 Regular Expression
 Repository Parameter
 Smart Identification
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What is Smart Identification?
 It is a second level of Recognition Mechanism to recognize an object
when it is failed using Description properties
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It is not a permanent method to solve a dynamic object – It is an
indication to the user that the object is not managed using description
properties
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Regular Expressions
This can be used where there is a pattern of Change.
Regular Expressions can be used in the following areas:
1) Check Points
2) In parameterization
3) Data Driven test
4) Actions
5) Exception Handling….etc
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Using a Regular Expression
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Some Regular Expressions
Expression
Char
Description
Period
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Matches any single character
Asterisk
*
Matches zero to any number of
occurrences of the preceding character
Plus
+
Matches one to any number of
occurrences of the preceding character
Brackets
[A-Z][a-z]
Matches a range of characters
[0-9]
Matches a range of numbers
\w
Matches any alphanumeric character
including underscore
\W
Matches any non-alphanumeric character
\d
Matches any digit
\d{4}
Matches exactly four digits
Digit
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Smart Identification
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Smart Identification is used as Second level of recognition mechanism.
When the Quick test fails to recognize the object through description
properties, it tries to identify the object using Smart identification.
By invoking smart identification, system takes more time than usual
time so if an object is identified in smart identification method then that
object needs to be attended
Following Two properties are available in Smart identification
1) Base Filter Properties (This property has to match)
2) Optional Filter Properties (At least one of the property should
be unique)
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Synchronization Point
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Synchronization point maintains the time coordination between testing
process and your application process.
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Types of Synchronization
 Sync
 Wait
 WaitProperty
 Exist
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Check Points
Check Point is a verification point that compares the current value of the
specified property with the expected value for that property.
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Standard Check Point
Text/ Text Area Check Point
Bitmap Check point
Database Check Point
XML Check Point
Accessibility Check Point/ Web Checkpoint
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Checkpoint Types
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Inserting a Checkpoint During Recording
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Insert a Checkpoint After Recording
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Identifying a Failed Checkpoint
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Exception Handling
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It enables Quick test to detect and handle when unexpected
error occurred during execution time.
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Types of Exception Handling:
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Popup Exception Handling
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Object State Exception Handling
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Test Run Exception Handling
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Application Crash
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Thank You
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