Transcript PHY 184 lecture 1 - MSU Department of Physics and Astronomy

PHY 184
Physics for Scientists & Engineers 2
Spring Semester 2007
Lecture 1
1/8/07
184 Lecture 1
1
Meet Your Professor (1)
 Section 1
 Prof. Reinhart Schienhorst
 Section 2
 Prof. Daniel Stump
1/8/07
184 Lecture 1
2
Meet Your Professor (2)




Daniel Stump
Ph. D. 1976 (M. I. T.)
Teaching at MSU since 1980
Theoretical High-Energy Physics
 Office hours
Mon & Thu, 1:00 -2:30 pm
Learning Center (Room 1248)
 Best way to contact me – after class
1/8/07
184 Lecture 1
3
Comparing Data and Theory
1/8/07
184 Lecture 1
4
Meet Your Professor (2)




Daniel Stump
Ph. D. 1976 (M. I. T.)
Teaching at MSU since 1980
Theoretical High-Energy Physics
 Office hours
Mon & Thu, 1:00 -2:30 pm
Learning Center (Room 1248)
 Best way to contact me – after class
1/8/07
184 Lecture 1
5
Textbook
 Bauer and Westfall
 “Physics for Scientists and Engineers 2”,
McGraw-Hill (2005).
• Available at the MSU Bookstore
1/8/07
184 Lecture 1
6
PHY 184 on the Web
 Web site:
• http://www.pa.msu.edu/courses/phy184
 Homework web site
• http://msu.loncapa.org
 Strosacker Learning Center in Room 1248 BPS (this
building) will be our help room for LON-CAPA
homework.
Coverage will be numerous and varied hours each
week.
1/8/07
184 Lecture 1
7
LON-CAPA Login
Enter your MSU mail id
Enter your password
Enter msu
Click or hit return
1/8/07
184 Lecture 1
8
Grades
 We grade on a fixed scale - no curve
What Counts
Midterm 1
Midterm 2
Final Exam
Homework
Total
%
20%
20%
30%
30%
100%
Up to 5% extra credit: Inclass quizzes using HITT
clickers
1/8/07
184 Lecture 1
What Grade
92<x<100 4.0
84<x<92 3.5
76<x<84 3.0
68<x<76 2.5
60<x<68 2.0
52<x<60 1.5
44<x<52 1.0
0<x<44
0.0
9
To get a good grade in PHY 184, you’ll need to do 4 things:
/1/ Come to class, pay attention, take notes. (4 hours/wk)
/2/ Do the reading. (2 hours/wk)
/3/ Do the LON-CAPA homework. (8 hours/wk at least )
/4/ Study for the exams. (10 hours the week before the exam)
1/8/07
184 Lecture 1
10
Clicker Quizzes
 HITT clickers – purchase at the bookstore
Enroll your clicker in LON-CAPA by giving your clicker
ID!
1/8/07
184 Lecture 1
11
Clicker Sign-up
 Registration in LON-CAPA: Course document “Clicker”
1/8/07
184 Lecture 1
12
Schedule for PHY 184
 Lectures
If you care about your
grade, come to class !
• M, Tu, W, Th
• 9:10 - 10:00
 Two Midterm Exams
• Thursday, February 8
• Thursday, March 22
 Final Exam
• Time – Thursday May 3
• Location - TBA
 Homework due each Tuesday morning at 8:00 am
Work on homework every day!
1/8/07
184 Lecture 1
13
Syllabus and Exams
1/8/07
184 Lecture 1
14
Electromagnetism
1/8/07
184 Lecture 1
15
Electricity and Magnetism
 Electricity and magnetism have been known for
thousands of years.
• The philosophers of ancient Greece knew that a piece of
amber rubbed with fur would attract small, light objects
• The word for electron and electricity derive from the Greek
word for amber, o.
• Naturally occurring magnetic materials called lodestones
were used as early as 300 BC to construct compasses.
 The relationship between electricity and magnetism
was not known until the middle of the 19th century.
1/8/07
184 Lecture 1
16
Fundamental Forces of Nature
 The force of gravity was described by Isaac Newton
• Late 17th century
 In the 20th century, two more forces were discovered
• The weak force and the strong force – inside the atomic nucleus
 The electromagnetic force and the weak
force have a unified theory
• The electroweak force
• 1979 Nobel prize in physics for
Weinberg, Salam, and Glashow
 Currently physicists are working to unify
the electroweak force and the strong
force.
 Gravity remains a puzzle although it was
identified first.
1/8/07
184 Lecture 1
17
The Four Forces
 We think that the four fundamental forces work by
exchanging elementary particles
•
•
•
•
Gravity - graviton (has not been observed)
Electromagnetic – photon (the elementary component of light)
Weak - W and Z bosons (first observed 1983, but unstable)
Strong – gluons (first observed 1978, but confined)
 Thus forces can act across distance (objects not
touching)
• The Sun attracts the Earth from 93 million miles away
• A magnet attracts iron.
The forces act through the fields of the exchanged particles.
1/8/07
184 Lecture 1
18
Gravitational and Electric Forces
 For gravity we defined a
gravitational force…
 …and a gravitational potential
 We will do the same for the
electric force and the electric
potential.
 We will develop the theory of
the electric field to describe
the electric force.
1/8/07
184 Lecture 1
GM1M2
F
2
r
GM1M2
U
r
19
Elementary Particles
Force
Gravity
 Exchange particles
 Leptons
 Quarks
1/8/07
Particle
graviton
Electromagnetic photon
Weak
W, Z
Strong
gluon
electron electron neutrino
muon
muon neutrino
tau
tau neutrino
down strange bottom
up
charm
184 Lecture 1
top
20
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
Link
1/8/07
184 Lecture 1
21