Transcript Life in New York During the Gilded Age

Women
Make Progress
8.2
• Colleges
• Leaders in social reform
• Had little rights
The Seneca Falls Declaration
(1848)
• The Seneca Falls Declaration
of 1848 outlined the women's
rights movement of the mid19th century.
• As can be seen in the opening
passages, the document was
modeled after the
Declaration of Independence.
• “…We hold these truths to
be self-evident: that all men
and women are created equal;
that they are endowed by
their Creator with certain
inalienable rights; that among
these are life, liberty, and
the pursuit of happiness;
that to secure these rights
governments are instituted,
deriving their just powers
from the consent of the
governed. “
Reforming The Workplace
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Florence Kelley –
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Minimum Wage-
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Courts and Labor Laws
1. Lochner v. NY
2. Muller v. Oregon
3. Bunting v. Oregon
The Temperance Crusade
18th Amendment
Margaret Sanger
• In 1921, she founded the American
Birth Control League (ABCL)
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Today known as Planned Parenthood
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The first legal birth
control clinic in the U.S.
• In 1923, she established the Clinical
Research Bureau.
• Women were then able to control
their own bodies.
• This movement educated women
about existing
birth control methods.
• A 1936, a Supreme Court decision
declassified
birth control information as obscene.
Women’s Suffrage
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Susan B. Anthony: In Favor of
Women's Suffrage (1872)
In this speech, given following her
arrest for attempting to vote in the
1872 election, Anthony argues that
respect for America's fundamental
principles requires that women be
allowed to vote.
“In thus voting, I not only committed
no crime, but, instead, simply
exercised my citizen's right,
guaranteed to me and all United
States citizens by the National
Constitution, beyond the power of
any State to deny.”
“It was we, the people, not we, the
white male citizens, nor yet we, the
male citizens; but we, the whole
people, who formed this Union. And
we formed it, not to give the
blessings or liberty, but to secure
them; not to the half of ourselves
and the half of our posterity, but to
the whole people-women as well as
men. “
Susan B. Anthony
Two Organizations are
formed
• National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA)
– Founded by Anthony and Stanton
– The more radical woman's suffrage group.
– Accepted only women and opposed the Fifteenth
Amendment since it only enfranchised AfricanAmerican men.
• American Woman Suffrage Association
(AWSA)
– More moderate in its views than the NWSA.
– Allowed men to join and rallied behind the Fifteenth
Amendment as a step in the right direction toward
greater civil rights for women.
– Leaders of the AWSA included Julia Ward Howe and
Lucy Stone.
Women Gain the Vote
• NAWSA
– What approach to suffrage?
– How did the goals of the
NWP differ from the
NAWSA?
– How did Carrie Chapman Catt
change the NAWSA?
– What was the result of the
movement?
When the two groups reunited in 1890, the new
National American Woman Suffrage Association
(NAWSA) followed the direction set by Anthony and
Stanton.
Why the West?
• Special frontier conditions?—the
Turner thesis.
• Women’s vote would offset votes of
black men?
• Women’s vote would attract women
settlers to the West?
• Women played an important role in the
lives of westerners?
Women’s Suffrage Map
Alice Paul and Lucy Burns
gave a new direction to
the women’s rights
movement.
Alice Paul (1885-1977),
women's suffrage leader
In 1913, Paul and Burns
organized the National
Woman’s Party (NWP),
adopted the radical
tactics of the British
suffragettes, and
campaigned for the first
Equal Rights Amendment.
Jan. 10, 1917: The NWP began to picket
the White House.
Passage of the 19th Amendment
• Passed in 1919
• “The right of
citizens of the
United States to
vote shall not be
denied or
abridged by the
United States or
by any state on
account of sex.”
Chronology of Women’s Suffrage
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1869 Wyoming Territory grants suffrage to
women.
1870 Utah Territory grants suffrage to women.
1880 New York state grants school suffrage to
women.
1890 Wyoming joins the union as the first state
with voting rights for women. By 1900 women
also have full suffrage in Utah, Colorado and
Idaho.
New Zealand is the first nation to give women
suffrage.
1902 Women of Australia are enfranchised.
1906 Women of Finland are enfranchised.
1912 Suffrage referendums are passed in
Arizona, Kansas, and Oregon.
1914 Montana and Nevada grant voting rights to
women.
1915 Women of Denmark are enfranchised.
1917 Women win the right to vote in North
Dakota, Ohio, Indiana, Rhode Island, Nebraska,
Michigan, New York, and Arkansas.
1918 Women of Austria, Canada, Czechoslovakia,
Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Poland, Scotland,
and Wales are enfranchised.
1919 Women of Azerbaijan Republic, Belgium,
British East Africa, Holland, Iceland,
Luxembourg, Rhodesia, and Sweden are
enfranchised.
Women’s Suffrage